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Rock Bolting Development Site
Rock Bolting Development Site is a heritage-listed former rock bolt experiment site at Sharp Street, Cooma, Snowy Monaro Regional Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was used by Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Authority personnel from 1956 to 1962. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 23 December 2016. History From the mid-1950s through to the early 1960s the Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Authority (SMHEA) developed a method to prevent large tunnels and caverns from collapse through the use of patterned rock bolting, with bolt placement designed according to the rock structure. The methodology was shared internationally and was adopted worldwide; it and the hardware remain essentially the same as those developed by the Snowy Mountains Authority. The Cooma Rock Bolting Development Site was within the property of the Authority's Scientific Services Laboratory where laboratory testing of the rock bolting methodology was performed and developed. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cooma, New South Wales
Cooma is a town in the south of New South Wales, Australia. It is located south of the national capital, Canberra, via the Monaro Highway. It is also on the Snowy Mountains Highway, connecting Bega with the Riverina. At the , Cooma had a population of 6,742. Cooma is the main town of the Monaro region. It is above sea level. The name could have derived from an Aboriginal word ''Coombah'', meaning 'big lake' or 'open country'. Cooma is south of the banks of the Murrumbidgee River, a main tributary of the Murray–Darling basin. Cooma sources its water from the river. History The area now known as Cooma lies on the traditional lands of the Ngarigo people. Cooma was explored by Captain J. M. Currie in 1823. It was first surveyed in 1840, and was gazetted in 1849. Cooma was proclaimed a municipality in 1879. The railway from Sydney was extended from Royalla to Cooma in 1889 under the supervision of John Whitton. The line was closed to rail passenger traffic in 1989. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snowy Monaro Regional Council
The Snowy Monaro Regional Council is a local government area located in the Snowy Mountains and Monaro regions of New South Wales, Australia. The council was formed on 12 May 2016 through a merger of the Bombala, Cooma-Monaro and Snowy River shires. The council comprises an area of and occupies the higher slopes of the eastern side of the Great Dividing Range between the Australian Capital Territory to the north and the state boundary with Victoria to the south. At the time of its establishment the council had an estimated population of . Its population at the was 20,218. The Mayor of the Snowy Monaro Regional Council is Narelle Davis. Towns and localities The following towns are located within Snowy Monaro Regional Council: The following localities are located within Snowy Monaro Regional Council: Heritage listings The Snowy Monaro Region has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: * Bombala, Goulburn-Bombala railway: Bombala railway station * Bombala, 91 Main R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New South Wales
) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_date = Colony of New South Wales , established_title2 = Establishment , established_date2 = 26 January 1788 , established_title3 = Responsible government , established_date3 = 6 June 1856 , established_title4 = Federation of Australia, Federation , established_date4 = 1 January 1901 , named_for = Wales , demonym = , capital = Sydney , largest_city = capital , coordinates = , admin_center = Local government areas of New South Wales, 128 local government areas , admin_center_type = Administration , leader_title1 = Monarchy of Australia, Monarch , leader_name1 = Charles III , leader_title2 = Governor of New South Wales, Governor , leader_name2 = Margaret Beazley , leader_title3 = Premier of New South Wales, Premie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rock Bolt
A rock bolt is a long anchor bolt, for stabilizing rock excavations, which may be used in tunnels or rock cuts. It transfers load from the unstable exterior to the confined (and much stronger) interior of the rock mass. Rock bolts were first used in mining in the 1890s, with systematic use documented at the St Joseph Lead Mine in the U.S. in the 1920s. Rock bolts were applied to civil tunneling support in the U.S. and in Australia starting in the late 1940s. Rock bolts were used and further developed starting in 1947 by Australian engineers who began experimenting with four-meter-long expanding anchor rock bolts while working on the Snowy Mountains Scheme. As shown in the figure, rock bolts are almost always installed in a pattern, the design of which depends on the rock quality designation and the type of excavation. Rock bolts are an essential component of the New Austrian Tunneling method. As with anchor bolts, there are many proprietary rock bolt designs, with either a m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New South Wales State Heritage Register
The New South Wales State Heritage Register, also known as NSW State Heritage Register, is a heritage list of places in the state of New South Wales, Australia, that are protected by New South Wales legislation, generally covered by the Heritage Act 1977 and its 2010 amendments. The register is administered by the Heritage Council of NSW via Heritage NSW, a division of the Government of New South Wales Department of Planning and Environment. The register was created in 1999 and includes items protected by heritage schedules that relate to the State, and to regional and to local environmental plans. As a result, the register contains over 20,000 statutory-listed items in either public or private ownership of historical, cultural, and architectural value. Of those items listed, approximately 1,785 items are listed as significant items for the whole of New South Wales; with the remaining items of local or regional heritage value. The items include buildings, objects, monuments, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snowy Mountains
The Snowy Mountains, known informally as "The Snowies", is an IBRA subregion in southern New South Wales, Australia, and is the tallest mountain range in mainland Australia, being part of the continent's Great Dividing Range cordillera system. It makes up the northeastern half of the Australian Alps (the other half being the Victorian Alps) and contains Australia's five tallest peaks, all of which are above , including the tallest Mount Kosciuszko, which reaches to a height of above sea level. The offshore Tasmanian highlands makes up the only other major alpine region present in the whole of Australia. The Snowy Mountains experiences large natural snowfalls every winter, normally during June, July, August and early September, with the snow cover melting by late spring. It is considered to be one of the centers of the Australian ski industry during the winter months, with all four snow resorts in New South Wales being located in the region. The range is host t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snowy Mountains Scheme
The Snowy Mountains Scheme or Snowy scheme is a hydroelectricity and irrigation complex in south-east Australia. The Scheme consists of sixteen major dams; nine power stations; two pumping stations; and of tunnels, pipelines and aqueducts that were constructed between 1949 and 1974. The Scheme was completed under the supervision of Chief Engineer, Sir William Hudson. It is the largest engineering project undertaken in Australia. The water of the Snowy River and some of its tributaries, much of which formerly flowed southeast onto the river flats of East Gippsland, and into Bass Strait of the Tasman sea, is captured at high elevations and diverted inland to the Murray and Murrumbidgee Rivers irrigation areas. The Scheme includes two major tunnel systems constructed through the continental divide of the Snowy Mountains, known in Australia as the Great Dividing Range. The water falls and travels through large hydro-electric power stations which generate peak-load power for t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cooma Back Creek
The Cooma Back Creek, a mostlyperennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Monaro region of New South Wales, Australia. Course and features The Cooma Back Creek (technically a river) rises below Two Tree Hill, south southeast of North Brother and south by east of Middle Brother, part of the Great Dividing Range, and flows generally north and then north by east, joined by one minor tributary before reaching its confluence with the Cooma Creek in the town of . The Cooma Back Creek descends over its course. The Snowy Mountains Highway crosses Cooma Back Creek in Cooma. See also * List of rivers of New South Wales (A-K) * Rivers of New South Wales This page discusses the rivers and hydrography of the state of New South Wales, Australia. The principal topographic feature of New South Wales is the series of low highlands and plateaus called the Great Dividing Range, which extend from no ... R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tumut 1
Tumut Hydroelectric Power Station () is a series of three of the original four, now five hydroelectric power stations on the Tumut River in New South Wales, Australia, that are part of the Snowy Mountains Scheme. The generating assets of the three Tumut power stations are owned by Snowy Hydro Limited, a company whose shareholders include the governments of Australia, New South Wales, and Victoria. The company is also licensed to manage the water rights used by the power stations. Stations Tumut 1 Underground Power Station Located downstream of Tumut Pond Dam and below ground level, Tumut 1 Power Station is situated approximately south-west from Cabramurra, under Happy Valley Rd. An Lift & Ventilation Shaft are on Happy Valley Rd. The conventional hydroelectric power station has four turbine generators, with a generating capacity of of electricity; and a net generation of per annum. The power station was completed in 1959, and has rated head. The first 330 k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tumut 2
Tumut Hydroelectric Power Station () is a series of three of the original four, now five hydroelectric power stations on the Tumut River in New South Wales, Australia, that are part of the Snowy Mountains Scheme. The generating assets of the three Tumut power stations are owned by Snowy Hydro Limited, a company whose shareholders include the governments of Australia, New South Wales, and Victoria. The company is also licensed to manage the water rights used by the power stations. Stations Tumut 1 Underground Power Station Located downstream of Tumut Pond Dam and below ground level, Tumut 1 Power Station is situated approximately south-west from Cabramurra, under Happy Valley Rd. An Lift & Ventilation Shaft are on Happy Valley Rd. The conventional hydroelectric power station has four turbine generators, with a generating capacity of of electricity; and a net generation of per annum. The power station was completed in 1959, and has rated head. The first 330 kV t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1984 - Rock Bolting Development Site (5060277b1)
Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). * January 10 ** The United States and the Vatican City, Vatican (Holy See) restore full diplomatic relations. ** The Victoria, Seychelles, Victoria Agreement is signed, institutionalising the Indian Ocean Commission. *January 24 – Steve Jobs launches the Macintosh 128K, Macintosh personal computer in the United States. February * February 3 ** Dr. John Buster and the research team at Harbor–UCLA Medical Center announce history's first embryo transfer from one woman to another, resulting in a live birth. ** STS-41-B: Space Shuttle Challenger, Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' is launched on the 10th Space Shuttle mission. * February 7 – Astronauts Bruce McCandless II and Robert L. Stewart make the first untethered spac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
