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Referendums In Lithuania
There have been twelve referendums in Lithuania since it declared independence from the Soviet Union on March 11, 1990. Because of strict requirements only four referendums were successful. Older Lithuanian laws required that more than a half of all registered voters (not a half of voters who participate) would vote in support of a proposal for it to become a binding obligation to the government. In 2002, this requirement was lowered to one third of all registered voters. The procedure to call for a referendums is also challenging. The initiators need to present 300,000 signatures of registered voters in three months or the Seimas, the Parliament of Lithuania, has to approve it by a fourth of all the members of the Seimas. Despite the difficulties, the idea to call referendums is very popular among the politicians. 2002 law changes In anticipation of referendum regarding the membership in the European Union, the Law on Referendum was passed on June 4, 2002. The law prescribes that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a Direct democracy, direct vote by the Constituency, electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a Representative democracy, representative. This may result in the adoption of a new policy or specific law, or the referendum may be only advisory. In some countries, it is synonymous with or commonly known by other names including plebiscite, votation, popular consultation, ballot question, ballot measure, or proposition. Some definitions of 'plebiscite' suggest it is a type of vote to change the constitution or government of a country. The word, 'referendum' is often a catchall, used for both legislative referrals and initiatives. Etymology 'Referendum' is the gerundive form of the Latin language, Latin verb , literally "to carry back" (from the verb , "to bear, bring, carry" plus the inseparable prefix , here meaning "back"Marchant & Charles, Cassell's La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1994 Lithuanian Privatisation Referendum
A referendum on a law revoking privatisation deals was held in Lithuania on 27 August 1994.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1201 The proposed law put forward procedures for reversing privatisation deals conducted in a non-transparent manner, as well as compensating citizens for the loss of savings caused by inflation In economics, inflation is an increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy. When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services; consequently, inflation corresponds to a reduct ....Nohlen & Stöver, p1210 A total of eight questions were asked, and although around 89% voted in favour of all of them, the voter turnout of 39.6% meant that the threshold of 50% of registered voters voting in favour was not passed, resulting in the proposal failing. Results Question I References {{Lithuanian elections 1994 referendums 1994 in Lithuania Referendums ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2014 Lithuanian Land Sales Referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Lithuania on 29 June 2014. Proposed amendments to articles 9, 47 and 147 of the constitution would have reduced the number of signatures required to call a referendum from 300,000 to 100,000, prevent foreigners from owning land in the country, and require all decisions related to the exploitation and extraction of natural resources that would have national and local importance to require approval by referendum. Although 73% of voters voted in favour of the changes, the result was invalidated by a turnout of just 14.98%. Background When Lithuania joined the European Union in 2004, it agreed to allow the sale of land to foreigners. However, the country was granted a seven-year transition period, under which sale of land to foreigners remained illegal. This period was later extended to last until May 2014. A previous referendum on allowing EU citizens to buy land was held in 1996. Although a majority of those voting voted in favour, the req ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Visaginas Nuclear Power Plant
Visaginas Nuclear Power Plant was a planned nuclear power plant project in Lithuania. It was proposed to be built at the site of the closed Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant, which was shut down on 31 December 2009 in accordance with Lithuania's accession agreement to the European Union. The two reactors of the Ignalina plant are currently undergoing a decommissioning process. After a 2012 referendum found that 62.7% of the electorate was against the project, Belarus started construction of the Belarusian nuclear power plant, which will lie geographically very close to Visaginas. According to the instigator of the Visaginas proposal, former energy minister Arvydas Sekmokas, the Visaginas Nuclear Power Plant proposal is "dead". History Discussions concerning the building of a new nuclear power plant started in the 1990s and continued in the 2000s. By the accession agreement to the EU, Lithuania took on an obligation to decommission the reactors of the Ignalina Nuclear Power ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 Lithuanian Nuclear Power Referendum
An advisory referendum on the construction of a new nuclear power station was held in Lithuania on 14 October 2012, alongside parliamentary elections.Ex-President Valdas Adamkus calls scheduled nuclear plant referendum a mockery , 7 August 2012 The proposal was rejected by 65% of voters. Background The , being of a similar design to the Chernobyl plant, was considered too dangerous by ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant
The Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant ( lt, Ignalinos atominė elektrinė, IAE) is a decommissioned two-unit RBMK-1500 nuclear power station in Visaginas Municipality, Lithuania. It was named after the nearby city of Ignalina. Due to the plant's similarities to the infamous Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in both reactor design and lack of a robust containment building, Lithuania agreed to close the plant as part of its accession agreement to the European Union. Unit 1 was closed in December 2004; Unit 2, which counted for 25% of Lithuania's electricity generating capacity and supplied about 70% of Lithuania's electrical demand, was closed on December 31, 2009. Proposals have been made to construct a new nuclear power plant at the same site, but plans have not materialised since then. Reactors The Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant contained two Soviet-designed RBMK-1500 water-cooled graphite- moderated channel-type power reactors. After the Chernobyl disaster of April 1986, the rea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2008 Lithuanian Nuclear Power Referendum
A referendum on extending the operation of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant was held in Lithuania on 12 October 2008 alongside parliamentary elections. The country's government was obliged to close down Ignalina as part of its treaty of accession to the European Union. The electorate were asked to vote on the statement: "I approve of the extension of operation of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant for a technically safe period, but not longer than completion of the construction of a new nuclear power plant." Although 91.4% of voters voted in favour of continuing the plant's operation, voter turnout was below the 50% threshold required to make the results valid. Results References External linksThe Central Electoral Commission of the Republic of Lithuania Referendums in Lithuania Nuclear power in Lithuania Nuclear power referendum Nuclear power referendums Lithuania Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links= ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2003 Lithuanian European Union Membership Referendum
The 2003 Lithuanian European Union referendum took place from 10 May to 11 May 2003 to decide whether Lithuania should join the European Union (EU). Over 90% of those who voted supported membership and Lithuania joined the EU on 1 May 2004. Background Lithuania was invited to begin negotiations to join the EU in December 1999 at a European Council summit in Helsinki and was formally invited to join the EU in December 2002 at a summit in Copenhagen. In June 2002 and February 2003 the Lithuanian Parliament amended Lithuania's laws on referendums. Previously, for a referendum to pass, 50% of the voters had to vote and over 50% of all eligible registered voters had to support the proposal. After the amendment only a simple majority of participants in favour was required for the referendum to pass, while still having the requirement for turnout to be over 50%. To help reach the turnout requirement, the voting hours were extended, postal voting was allowed for 11 days before the refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1996 Lithuanian Constitutional Referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Lithuania on 10 November 1996 alongside the second round of the parliamentary elections.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1201 Voters were asked whether they approved of an amendment to Article 47 of the constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When these pr ... to add a paragraph allowing EU citizens to buy agricultural land.Albi, A (2005) ''EU enlargement and the constitutions of Central and Eastern Europe'', p99 Although it was approved by 52% of those voting, voter turnout was only 39.7% and the referendum failed to pass the threshold of 50% of registered voters in favour.Nohlen & Stöver, p1211 Results References {{Lithuanian elections 1996 referendums 1996 in Lithuania Referend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1996 Lithuanian Referendum
A four-part referendum was held in Lithuania on 20 October 1996 alongside the first round of parliamentary elections.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1201 Voters were asked whether they approved of three amendments to the constitution and whether money from the sale of state property should be used to compensate those who lost their Soviet-era savings due to inflation.Nohlen & Stöver, p1211 The three constitutional amendments would reduce the number of members of the Seimas The Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublikos Seimas), or simply the Seimas (), is the unicameral parliament of Lithuania. The Seimas constitutes the legislative branch of government in Lithuania, enacting laws and amendm ..., fix the date for elections to be in the spring, and to reserve at least 50% of government expenditure to social spending. Although all four were approved by at least 76% of those casting valid votes, voter turnou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Privatization
Privatization (also privatisation in British English) can mean several different things, most commonly referring to moving something from the public sector into the private sector. It is also sometimes used as a synonym for deregulation when a heavily regulated private company or industry becomes less regulated. Government functions and services may also be privatised (which may also be known as "franchising" or "out-sourcing"); in this case, private entities are tasked with the implementation of government programs or performance of government services that had previously been the purview of state-run agencies. Some examples include revenue collection, law enforcement, water supply, and prison management. Another definition is that privatization is the sale of a state-owned enterprise or municipally owned corporation to private investors; in this case shares may be traded in the public market for the first time, or for the first time since an enterprise's previous natio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1992 Lithuanian Constitutional Referendum
A referendum on a new constitution was held in Lithuania on 25 October 1992,Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1201 alongside the first round of parliamentary elections. It was approved by 78.2% of those voting and 56.8% of all registered voters, passing the 50% threshold.Nohlen & Stöver, p1210 Results References {{Lithuanian elections 1992 referendums 1992 in Lithuania 1992 File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ... Constitutional referendums ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
