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Ratu Boko
Ratu Boko ( jv, Ratu Baka) or Ratu Boko Palace is an archaeological site in Java. Ratu Boko is located on a plateau, about three kilometres south of Prambanan temple complex in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The original name of this site is still unclear, however the local inhabitants named this site after King Boko, the legendary king mentioned in Roro Jonggrang folklore. In Javanese, ''Ratu Boko'' means "Stork King". The site covers 16 hectares in two hamlets (''Dawung'' and ''Sambireja'') of the village of Bokoharjo and Prambanan, Sleman Regency. In striking contrast to other Classic-period sites in Central Java and Yogyakarta, which are remains of temples, Ratu Boko displays attributes of an occupation or settlement site, although its precise function is unknown. Probably the site was a palace complex which belonged to the kings of Sailendra or Mataram Kingdom that also built temples scattered across the Prambanan Plain. The argument was based on the fact that this complex wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Boko Palace, Yogyakarta; September 2013
King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the title may refer to tribal kingship. Germanic kingship is cognate with Indo-European traditions of tribal rulership (c.f. Indic ''rājan'', Gothic ''reiks'', and Old Irish ''rí'', etc.). *In the context of classical antiquity, king may translate in Latin as '' rex'' and in Greek as '' archon'' or '' basileus''. *In classical European feudalism, the title of ''king'' as the ruler of a ''kingdom'' is understood to be the highest rank in the feudal order, potentially subject, at least nominally, only to an emperor (harking back to the client kings of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire). *In a modern context, the title may refer to the ruler of one of a number of modern monarchies (either absolute or constitutional). The title of ''king'' is us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Miksic
John Norman Miksic (born 29 October 1946) is an American-born archaeologist. Biography John Norman Miksic was born in Rochester, New York on 29 October 1946. His interest in archaeology began at an early age and inspired his future career as a historian and archaeologist. In 1968, he received a B.A. in Anthropology from Dartmouth College (Hanover, New Hampshire). He served as a Peace Corps volunteer in Malaysia from 1968 to 1972 where he helped set up a farmers' cooperative and developed an irrigation system in the Bujang Valley in Kedah, before returning to the U.S. to earn an M.A. from the Department of International Affairs, Ohio University (Athens, Ohio) in 1974. In 1976, he was awarded a second M.A. from Cornell University's Department of Anthropology, followed by a Ph.D. in January 1979, during which time he was awarded the Lauriston Sharp Award for Best Ph.D Dissertation in the Southeast Asian Studies Program in 1978. Upon graduation, Miksic worked for USAID as a Rural Dev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secular
Secularity, also the secular or secularness (from Latin ''saeculum'', "worldly" or "of a generation"), is the state of being unrelated or neutral in regards to religion. Anything that does not have an explicit reference to religion, either negatively or positively, may be considered secular. Linguistically, a process by which anything becomes secular is named ''secularization'', though the term is mainly reserved for the secularization of society; and any concept or ideology promoting the secular may be termed ''secularism'', a term generally applied to the ideology dictating no religious influence on the public sphere. Definitions Historically, the word ''secular'' was not related or linked to religion, but was a freestanding term in Latin which would relate to any mundane endeavour. However, the term, saecula saeculorumsaeculōrumbeing the genitive plural of saeculum) as found in the New Testament in the Vulgate translation (circa 410) of the original Koine Greek phrase ('' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pendopo
A pendhapa or pandhapa ( Javanese: ꦥꦼꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ or ꦥꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ, Indonesian spelling: pendapa, nonstandard spelling: pendopo) is a fundamental element of Javanese architecture unique in the southern central part of Java; a large pavilion-like structure built on columns. Either square or rectangular in plan, it is open on all sides and provides shelter from the sun and rain, but allows breeze and indirect light. The word ''pendhapa'' is cognate to the Sanskrit word '' mandapa'' ("hall"). The Dutch writer Multatuli in his colonial reformist novel ''Max Havelaar'' described the pendhapa thus: "After a broad-brimmed hat, an umbrella, or a hollow tree, a 'pendoppo' icis certainly the most simple representation of the idea 'roof'." Derived from ancient Javanese architectural elements, pendhapa are common ritual spaces primarily intended for ceremony, and also for a purposes such as receiving guests in the compounds of wealthy Javanese, and even as cottage industry work spac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rakai Kayuwangi
Sri Maharaja Rakai Kayuwangi Dyah Lokapala Sri Sajjanotsawatunggadewa was the seventh monarch of the Mataram Kingdom of Central Java period (commonly referred as Mataram Kingdom) who ruled between 856 and 885. He is commonly known as Dyah Lokapala, King Lokapala, or Rakai Kayuwangi. King Lokapala was described as a valiant king that defeated his enemies. Early life Rakai Kayuwangi was the youngest son of Rakai Pikatan from his queen consort Pramodawardhani. His name at birth was Dyah Lokapala (according to the Wantil or Shivagrha inscription inscription) or Mpu Lokapala (according to the Argapura inscription). In the Mantyasih inscription dated to 907, he is named as Rakai Kayuwangi. The name Lokapala is probably linked to the Lokapala, the Hindu guardian gods of directions. ''Loka'' means place, while ''pala'' means fruit. The name ''kayuwangi'' literally means "fragrant wood" which refers to aromatic sandalwood, a fragrant wood considered as a valuable timber in ancient Java. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shivagrha Inscription
The Shivagrha inscription is an inscription from the Mataram Kingdom of Central Java, dated in ''chandrasengkala'' (chronogram) ''”Wwalung Gunung sang wiku”'', that is, the year 856 CE (or 778 in the native Saka Calendar). The inscription was inscribed by order of Dyah Lokapala ( Rakai Kayuwangi) right after the end of Rakai Pikatan's reign, and gave a detailed description of a grand temple compound dedicated to Shiva called ''Shivagrha'' ("the House of Shiva"), corresponding to the Prambanan temple compound. A public water project to change the course of a river near Shivagrha Temple is also mentioned in this inscription. The river, identified as the Opak River, now runs north to south on the western side of the Prambanan temple compound. Historians suggest that originally the river was curved further to east and was deemed too near to the main temple. The project was done by cutting the river along a north to south axis along the outer wall of the Shivagrha Temple compoun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rakai Panangkaran
Dyah Pancapana (7 October 746 – 1 April 784) or regnal name Śrī Mahārāja Dyaḥ Pañcapaṇa Kariyāna Paṇaṃkaraṇa Śrī Saṅgrāmadhanañjaya, was the second king of Mataram from the Shailendra dynasty whose kingdom was centered on the Java island Indonesia. He was the immediate successor of Sri Sanjaya, the founder of Sanjaya Dynasty as mentioned in the Kalasan inscription. The name of Panangkaran is mentioned in the Balitung charter (found in the Kedu Plain area) as the line of kings who were named as the 'builders of kraton'. In the late 8th and early 9th centuries, Java observed rivalries between two dynasties. The first four Sanjaya Dynasty lines after King Sanjaya (Panangkaran, Panunggalan, Warak and Garung), which was known as the ''Amrati Kings'', competed over their power and religious influences with the Sailendras princes in the south of central Java who had arisen since 779. The Sanjayas were Hindus while Sailendras were Buddhists. There was only an i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abhayagiri Vihara Inscription , a Theravadin Buddhist monastery in Redwood Valley, California
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Abhayagiri may refer to: * Abhayagiri vihāra a ruined monastic complex of great historical significance in Sri Lanka * Abhayagiri Buddhist Monastery Abhayagiri is a Theravadin Buddhist monastery of the Thai Forest Tradition in Redwood Valley, California. Its chief priorities are the teaching of Buddhist ethics, together with traditional concentration and insight meditation (also known as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keraton
Kraton or keraton ( jv, ꦏꦿꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ or ꦏꦼꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀) is a type of royal palace in Java, Indonesia. Its name is derived from the Javanese ''ka-ratu-an'', meaning residence of the ''ratu'', the traditional honorific title for a monarch. In Java, the palace of a prince is called ''pura'' or ''dalem'', while the general word for palace is '' istana'', identical to Malay. Specific palaces Kraton that function as the residence of a royal family include: ;Yogyakarta (Jogja) region: * Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat (Palace of Sultan Hamengkubuwono). * Pura Pakualaman (Palace of Adipati Pakualam). ; Surakarta (Solo) region: * Kraton Surakarta Hadiningrat (Palace of Susuhunan Pakubuwono). *Pura Mangkunegaran (Palace of Adipati Mangkunegara). ;Cirebon area: *Kraton Kasepuhan (Palace of Sultan Sepuh). *Kraton Kanoman (Palace of Sultan Anom). *Kraton Kacirebonan (Palace of Sultan Cirebon). *Kraton Kaprabonan ( id) (Palace of Sultan Prabon). Historical palaces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tulungagung
) , translit_lang1_info = ꦑꦧꦸꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦭꦸꦁꦲꦒꦸꦁ , image_skyline = Tulungagung Lead Image.jpg , image_caption = Top: Tulungagung Town Square ( id, Alun-Alun Tulungagung), Middle: Agus Salim Road ( id, Jalan Agus Salim), Bottom left: Tulungagung marble craft, Bottom right: Basuki Rahmad Road ( id, Jalan Basuki Rahmad) , image_shield = Seal of Tulungagung Regency.svg , image_map = , map_caption1 = Location within East Java , mapsize = 250px , image_map1 = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Province , subdivision_name1 = East Java , subdivision_type2 = Capital , subdivision_name2 = Tulungagung , government_type = Regency , leader_title ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sewu Mountain
Sewu ( jv, ꦱꦺꦮꦸ, Sèwu) is an eighth century Mahayana Buddhist temple located 800 metres north of Prambanan in Central Java, Indonesia. The word for a Hindu or Buddhist temple in Indonesian is "candi," hence the common name is "Candi Sewu." Candi Sewu is the second largest Buddhist temple complex in Indonesia; Borobudur is the largest. Sewu predates nearby " Loro Jonggrang" temple at Prambanan. Although the complex consists of 249 temples, this Javanese name translates to 'a thousand temples,' which originated from popular local folklore ( The Legend of Loro Jonggrang). Archaeologists believe the original name for the temple compound to be Manjusrigrha. History Construction According to the Kelurak inscription (dated from 782 CE) and the Manjusrigrha inscription (dated from 792 CE), which were discovered in 1960, the original name of the temple complex was probably "Manjusri grha" (The House of Manjusri). Manjusri is a Bodhisattva from Mahayana Buddhist teachings th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
