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RWD 8
The RWD 8 was a Polish parasol wing monoplane trainer aircraft produced by RWD. It was used from 1934 to 1939 by the Polish Air Force and civilian aviation. Development The RWD 8 was designed in response to a Polish Air Force requirement in 1931 for a basic trainer aircraft. It was designed by the RWD team of Stanisław Rogalski, Stanisław Wigura and Jerzy Drzewiecki. The first prototype (registration SP-AKL), was flown in early 1933. It won the contest for the new Polish military trainer, against the PZL-5bis and Bartel BM-4h biplanes. It was considered a very stable and well-handling aircraft. Since the DWL (''Doświadczalne Warsztaty Lotnicze'') workshops – a manufacturer of RWD designs – had limited production capability, the Polish military decided to produce the aircraft in a nationalized factory PWS (''Podlaska Wytwórnia Samolotów''). DWL gave away the licence free of charge, only for covering design costs. PWS produced aircraft for both military and civilian avi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WikiProject Aircraft
A WikiProject, or Wikiproject, is a Wikimedia movement affinity group for contributors with shared goals. WikiProjects are prevalent within the largest wiki, Wikipedia, and exist to varying degrees within Wikimedia project, sister projects such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikidata, and Wikisource. They also exist in different languages, and translation of articles is a form of their collaboration. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CBS News noted the role of Wikipedia's WikiProject Medicine in maintaining the accuracy of articles related to the disease. Another WikiProject that has drawn attention is WikiProject Women Scientists, which was profiled by ''Smithsonian Magazine, Smithsonian'' for its efforts to improve coverage of women scientists which the profile noted had "helped increase the number of female scientists on Wikipedia from around 1,600 to over 5,000". On Wikipedia Some Wikipedia WikiProjects are substantial enough to engage in cooperative activities with outside organization ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Wigura
Stanisław Wigura (9 April 1901 – 11 September 1932) was a Polish aircraft designer and aviator, co-founder of the RWD aircraft construction team and lecturer at the Warsaw University of Technology. Along with Franciszek Żwirko, he won the international air contest Challenge 1932. He was born in Warsaw. In his youth he was interested in mechanics and aviation, and he was also a Boy Scout. In 1920, during the Polish-Soviet War, he volunteered for the 8th Field Artillery Regiment. In 1921, he started studies at Warsaw University of Technology (Warsaw Tech), where he met Stanislaw Rogalski and Jerzy Drzewiecki. He was one of founders of the Aviation Section of Students' Mechanical Club. In December 1925, students of the Section founded their own workshop, where they built aircraft. In 1926, Wigura and Rogalski designed their first light aircraft WR-1, built in 1927. In 1927, three designers: Rogalski, Wigura, and Drzewiecki started working together, creating the RWD team (it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Havilland Gipsy Major
The de Havilland Gipsy Major or Gipsy IIIA is a four-cylinder, air-cooled, inverted inline engine used in a variety of light aircraft produced in the 1930s, including the famous Tiger Moth biplane. Many Gipsy Major engines still power vintage aircraft types. Engines were produced by de Havilland in the UK and by the Australian arm of the company, de Havilland Australia, the latter modifying the design to use imperial measures rather than the original metric measurements. Design and development The engine was a slightly modified Gipsy III, which was effectively a de Havilland Gipsy engine modified to run inverted so that the cylinders pointed downwards below the crankcase. The Major was also bored-out (118 mm from 114 mm) compared to the Gipsy III, increasing displacement from 5 L to 6.1 L. The inverted configuration allowed the propeller shaft to be kept in a high position without having the cylinders blocking the pilot's forward view over the nose of the aircr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Major
Walter Major was a family of Czechoslovak aircraft inline engines developed by Walter Aircraft Engines in the 1930s. Design and development Available in either four or six cylinder configuration, with identical bore and stroke of and , respectively, the Walter Majors were primarily used in light aircraft. License-built in Poland by the state-owned Państwowe Zakłady Inżynieryjne (as the PZInż. Major 4), the engine was used in, among others, Zlin Z-XIII, RWD-11 and one of the PWS-35 Ogar prototypes. Applications Walter Major 4 * Beneš-Mráz Be-50 Beta-Minor * Beneš-Mráz Be-52 * Beneš-Mráz Be-56 * Beneš-Mráz Be-250 * Beneš-Mráz Be-251 * González Gil-Pazó GP-4 * PWS-35 Ogar * RWD 13 * RWD 20 * Spartan Cruiser * Zlin Z-XIII * Rubik R-18 Kánya Walter Major 6 * Breda Ba.44 * Caproni Ca.308 Borea * RWD 11 * Rogožarski SIM-XII-H Specifications (Major 4) See also External links Oldengine.org [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Junior
The Walter Junior was a family of four cylinder air cooled horizontally-opposed engines produced by Walter Aircraft Engines in Czechoslovakia in the 1930s for aircraft, characterised by a bore and stroke of , a displacement of and producing roughly . The Junior was also built in Poland as the P.Z. Inż. Junior. Variants ;Walter Junior 4-I : at 2,000 rpm. ;Walter Junior-Major : at 2,100 rpm (nominal), at 2,350 rpm (maximum). ;P.Z. Inż. Junior :Approximately 600 engines manufactured under license in Poland by Państwowe Zakłady Inżynierii, Warsaw. ;Elizalde J4 :Approximately 150 engines manufactured under license in Spain by Elizalde (automobile), Elizalde SA Barcelona. Applications *Adaro Chirta *Aero A.34 *Beneš-Mráz Be-150 Beta-Junior *Breda Ba.15 *de Havilland Puss Moth *González Gil-Pazó GP-1 *Hispano-Suiza E-34 *Hopfner HS-10/32 *Praga BH-111 *RWD 5 *RWD 8 *RWD 10 Specifications See also References {{Walter aeroengines Walter aircraft engines, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Straight Engine
The straight or inline engine is an internal combustion engine with all cylinders aligned in one row and having no offset. Usually found in four, six and eight cylinder configurations, they have been used in automobiles, locomotives and aircraft, although the term in-line has a broader meaning when applied to aircraft engines, see Inline engine (aviation). Design A straight engine is considerably easier to build than an otherwise equivalent horizontally opposed or V engine, because both the cylinder bank and crankshaft can be milled from a single metal casting, and it requires fewer cylinder heads and camshafts. In-line engines are also smaller in overall physical dimensions than designs such as the radial, and can be mounted in any direction. Straight configurations are simpler than their V-shaped counterparts. Although six-cylinder engines are inherently balanced, the four-cylinder models are inherently off balance and rough, unlike 90-degree V fours and horizontally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tandem
Tandem, or in tandem, is an arrangement in which a team of machines, animals or people are lined up one behind another, all facing in the same direction. The original use of the term in English was in ''tandem harness'', which is used for two or more draft horses, or other draft animals, harnessed in a single line one behind another, as opposed to a pair, harnessed side by side, or a team of several pairs. The tandem harness allows additional animals to provide pulling power for a vehicle designed for a single animal. The English word ''tandem'' derives from the Latin adverb , meaning ''at length'' or ''finally''. It is a word play, using the Latin phrase (referring to time, not position) for English "at length, lengthwise". Tandem bicycles are named for their tandem seating, a more common arrangement than side-by-side " sociable" seating. ''Tandem'' can also be used more generally to refer to any group of persons or objects working together, not necessarily in line. Autom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RWD-17
The RWD 17 was a Polish aerobatics-trainer aircraft of 1937, parasol wing monoplane, constructed by the RWD team. Development The aircraft was designed for an order of the LOPP paramilitary organization, as an interim trainer aircraft between primary trainer RWD 8 and single-seater aircraft, demanding higher skills, like the RWD 10. It was also fitted to aerobatics. The construction of the new aircraft was very similar to the RWD 8, but almost all parts were newly designed. Main visual difference were twin struts supporting wings, instead of V-struts, and two-part wing instead of three-part, without central section. The works started in 1936, and the main designer was Bronisław Żurakowski of the RWD bureau. The first prototype (registration SP-BMX) was flown in August 1937 in Warsaw. After state trials in 1937, it was accepted for production, and in 1938 a short series of RWD 17 was produced (23 serial RWD 17 were in the Polish registry). In early 1938, a floatplane varian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined and so can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude. In North America the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common. Types Gliders benefit from producing the least drag for any given amount of lift, and this is best achieved with long, thin wings, a slender fuselage and smooth surfaces with an absence of protuberances. Aircraft with these features are able to soar – climb efficiently in rising air produced by thermals or hills. In still air, sailplanes can glide long distances at high speed with a minimum loss of height in between. Sailplanes have rigid wings and eithe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Instrument Flight Rules
In aviation, instrument flight rules (IFR) is one of two sets of regulations governing all aspects of civil aviation aircraft operations; the other is visual flight rules (VFR). The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) ''Instrument Flying Handbook'' defines IFR as: "Rules and regulations established by the FAA to govern flight under conditions in which flight by outside visual reference is not safe. IFR flight depends upon flying by reference to instruments in the flight deck, and navigation is accomplished by reference to electronic signals." It is also a term used by pilots and controllers to indicate the type of flight plan an aircraft is flying, such as an IFR or VFR flight plan. Basic information Comparison to visual flight rules It is possible and fairly straightforward, in relatively clear weather conditions, to fly an aircraft solely by reference to outside visual cues, such as the horizon to maintain orientation, nearby buildings and terrain features for n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PWS (aircraft Manufacturer)
PWS may refer to: * Pressure wave supercharger, a type of super-charger technology *Performance work statement, term used to summarize the work that needs to be done for a contract * Personal weather station, a weather station owned and operated by an individual or a non-weather-related club or business * Personal web server, system of hardware and software that is designed to create and manage a web server on a desktop computer **Microsoft Personal Web Server, a scaled-down web server software for Windows operating systems * Present weather sensor, a component of an automatic weather station that detects the presence of hydrometeors and determines their type (rain, snow, drizzle, etc.) and intensity * Professional Wetland Scientist, a certification for practicing wetland professionals that signifies stringent academic and work experience standards of wetland science have been met * Public Warning System, a 3GPP network system used for alerting the public to events such as disasters ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biplane
A biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two main wings stacked one above the other. The first powered, controlled aeroplane to fly, the Wright Flyer, used a biplane wing arrangement, as did many aircraft in the early years of aviation. While a biplane wing structure has a structural advantage over a monoplane, it produces more drag than a monoplane wing. Improved structural techniques, better materials and higher speeds made the biplane configuration obsolete for most purposes by the late 1930s. Biplanes offer several advantages over conventional cantilever monoplane designs: they permit lighter wing structures, low wing loading and smaller span for a given wing area. However, interference between the airflow over each wing increases drag substantially, and biplanes generally need extensive bracing, which causes additional drag. Biplanes are distinguished from tandem wing arrangements, where the wings are placed forward and aft, instead of above and below. The term is also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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