RSS Kármán Line
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RSS Kármán Line
RSS ''Kármán Line'' (Reusable Space Ship ''Kármán Line'') is a New Shepard space capsule, built and operated by American spaceflight company Blue Origin. It is the fourth New Shepard capsule to fly to space, and is slated to be the second to fly passengers, after RSS ''First Step''. The capsule's first uncrewed flight was the NS-27 mission on 23 October 2024, which was also the maiden flight of New Shepard booster NS5. History RSS ''Kármán Line'', the fourth New Shepard capsule, was built by Blue Origin to "better meet growing customer demand" for New Shepard flights. The spacecraft is named after the Kármán line, an altitude of and the conventional definition of the edge of space, which the capsule crosses at the apogee of its sub-orbital spaceflight. The capsule first flew on the uncrewed NS-27 verification mission, which launched on 23 October 2024 carrying twelve customer payloads, after issues pushed back the launch from 7 October 2024. The first crewed f ...
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Space Capsule
A space capsule is a spacecraft designed to transport cargo, scientific experiments, and/or astronauts to and from space. Capsules are distinguished from other spacecraft by the ability to survive reentry and return a payload to the Earth's surface from orbit or sub-orbit, and are distinguished from other types of recoverable spacecraft by their blunt shape, not having wings and often containing little fuel other than what is necessary for a safe return. Capsule-based human spaceflight, crewed spacecraft such as Soyuz (spacecraft), Soyuz or Orion (spacecraft), Orion are often supported by a service or adapter module, and sometimes augmented with an extra module for extended space operations. Capsules make up the majority of crewed spacecraft designs, although one crewed spaceplane, the Space Shuttle, has flown in orbit. Current examples of crewed space capsules include Soyuz spacecraft, Soyuz, Shenzhou spacecraft, Shenzhou, and SpaceX Dragon 2, Dragon 2. Examples of new crew capsu ...
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Valentina Tereshkova
Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (born 6 March 1937) is a Russian engineer, member of the State Duma, and former Soviet cosmonaut. She was the first Women in space, woman in space, having flown a solo mission on Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963. She orbited the Earth 48 times, spent almost three days in space, is the only woman to have been on a solo space mission and is the last surviving Vostok programme cosmonaut. Twenty-six years old at the time of her spaceflight, she remains the youngest woman to have flown in space under the international definition of 100 km altitude, and the youngest woman to fly in Earth orbit. Before her selection for the Soviet space programme, Tereshkova was a textile factory worker and an amateur skydiver. She joined the Soviet Air Force, Air Force as part of the Cosmonaut Corps and was commissioned as an officer after completing her training. After the dissolution of the first group of female cosmonauts in 1969, Tereshkova remained in the space ...
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Individual Space Vehicles
An individual is one that exists as a distinct entity. Individuality (or self-hood) is the state or quality of living as an individual; particularly (in the case of humans) as a person unique from other people and possessing one's own needs or goals, rights and responsibilities. The concept of an individual features in many fields, including biology, law, and philosophy. Every individual contributes significantly to the growth of a civilization. Society is a multifaceted concept that is shaped and influenced by a wide range of different things, including human behaviors, attitudes, and ideas. The culture, morals, and beliefs of others as well as the general direction and trajectory of the society can all be influenced and shaped by an individual's activities. Etymology From the 15th century and earlier (and also today within the fields of statistics and metaphysics) ''individual'' meant " indivisible", typically describing any numerically singular thing, but sometimes meani ...
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Blue Origin NS-33
Blue Origin NS-33 was a sub-orbital spaceflight operated by Blue Origin as part of its New Shepard space tourism program. The flight launched from Launch Site One in West Texas on June 29, 2025, at 15:40 UTC (10:40 a.m. Eastern), after launch attempts on June 21 and June 22 were scrubbed due to high winds and cloud cover, respectively. The mission lasted approximately 10 minutes, carrying six passengers to an apogee of about , crossing the Kármán line The Kármán line (or von Kármán line ) is a conventional definition of the Outer space#Boundary, edge of space; it is widely but not universally accepted. The international record-keeping body Fédération Aéronautique Internationale, FAI ( ..., the FAI-recognized boundary of space. The crew included conservationist Allie Kuehner, real estate developer Carl Kuehner, philanthropist and former bus company executive Leland Larson, entrepreneur Freddie Rescigno, Jr., attorney and financial consultant Owolabi Salis, and reti ...
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Lauren Sánchez
Lauren Wendy Sánchez (born December 19, 1969) is an American journalist. She is a licensed pilot and founder of Black Ops Aviation. In 2023, she became engaged to Amazon and Blue Origin founder Jeff Bezos. Sánchez has been a guest host on ''The View'', co-host on KTTV Fox 11's '' Good Day L.A.'' and anchor on the ''Fox 11 News at Ten'', and anchor and special correspondent on ''Extra.'' She has also been a regular contributor on shows including ''Larry King Live'', '' The Joy Behar Show'' and ''Showbiz Tonight''. In 2024, Sánchez released her debut children's book, The Fly Who Flew to Space, which became a ''New York Times'' bestseller. On February 27, 2025, it was announced that Sánchez would be one of the passengers for Blue Origin's eleventh flight to space under the New Shepard program, along with Katy Perry, Aisha Bowe, Amanda Nguyen, Kerianne Flynn and fellow journalist Gayle King. Blue Origin NS-31's sub-orbital mission took place on April 14, 2025, making Sán ...
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Kerianne Flynn
Kerianne Flynn is a former human resources executive, film producer, socialite, and space tourist. She has contributed to several film projects, including '' The Automatic Hate'' (2015), '' This Changes Everything'' (2018), and '' Lilly'' (2024). On April 14, 2025, she flew into space as part of the all-female crew of Blue Origin's NS-31 sub-orbital mission. Career After graduating from North Adams College, Flynn served as a human resources professional in the fashion and beauty industry, including for French Connection, bebe, and divisions of The Limited including Limited Design and Victoria’s Secret Beauty. Flynn serves on the board of RxArt (2008–present), the Art Advisory Board for the Coalition for the Homeless (2011–present), the Women’s Leadership Committee for The Children’s Health Fund (2015–present) and the Playground Committee for Friends of Hudson River Park (2015–present). She has been on the Board of Directors of City Winery since 2009. Flynn ...
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Katy Perry
Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson (born October 25, 1984), known professionally as Katy Perry, is an American singer, songwriter, and television personality. She is one of the List of best-selling music artists, best-selling music artists in history, having sold over 143 million records worldwide. Perry is known for her influence on pop music and her Camp (style), camp style, being dubbed the "Honorific nicknames in popular music, Queen of Camp" by Vogue (magazine), ''Vogue'' and ''Rolling Stone''. The Forbes list of the world's highest-paid musicians#Female, world's highest-paid female musician in 2015 and 2018, Billboard (magazine), ''Billboard'' named her among the Billboard's Greatest Pop Stars#21st century, greatest pop stars of the 21st century. At 16, Perry released a gospel music, gospel record titled ''Katy Hudson (album), Katy Hudson'' (2001) under Pamplin Music, Red Hill Records, which was commercially unsuccessful. She moved to Los Angeles at 17 to venture into Secular ...
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Gayle King
Gayle King (born December 28, 1954) is an American television personality, author and broadcast journalist for CBS News, co-hosting its flagship morning program, ''CBS Mornings'', and before that its predecessor '' CBS This Morning''. She is also an editor-at-large for ''O, The Oprah Magazine''.King in King was named one of ''Time'' magazine's " 100 Most Influential People of 2019". Early life Gayle King's parents are Peggy Tucker and Emmett Scott King. King was born in Chevy Chase, Maryland, and from age six to eleven she lived in Ankara, Turkey, where her father was deployed. In 1966 she returned with her family to the United States, where her father worked as an electrical engineer. King graduated from the University of Maryland, College Park, with a degree in psychology. Career Television broadcast news King began her career as a production assistant at WJZ-TV in Baltimore, where she met Oprah Winfrey, an anchor for the station at the time. King later trained as a r ...
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Amanda Nguyen
Amanda Ngọc Nguyễn (born October 10, 1991) is an American social entrepreneur, civil rights activist, and suborbital astronaut. She is the founder and chief executive officer of Rise, a non-governmental civil rights organization. Nguyen drafted the Sexual Assault Survivors' Rights Act, a bill that passed unanimously through the United States Congress. Nguyen has also been credited with kickstarting the movement to stop violence against Asian Americans after her video calling for media coverage went viral on February 5, 2021. In recognition of her work, Nguyen was nominated for the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize by Mimi Walters and Zoe Lofgren, and was named one of the 2022 ''Time'' Women of the Year. She has also received the 24th Annual Heinz Award in Public Policy, ''Time'' 100 Next, ''Forbes'' 30 Under 30, and was credited as a Top 100 Global Thinker by Foreign Policy. Furthermore, Nguyen is featured in the 2022 anthology ''We Are Here: 30 Inspiring Asian Americans and Pacific Is ...
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Aisha Bowe
Aisha Bowe (born November 4, 1986) is a Bahamian-American aerospace engineer, STEM advocate, space tourist and entrepreneur. She is the founder and CEO of STEMBoard, a technology company, and LINGO, an educational tech company featuring tutorials and online resources featuring NASCAR driver Bubba Wallace. In 2020, STEMBoard landed on the Inc. 5000 list of the fastest-growing privately owned U.S. companies. Bowe is the recipient of the NASA Equal Employment Opportunity Medal, US Women's Chamber of Commerce Emerging Star Award and Virginia Business magazine's Black Business Leaders Award. On February 27, 2025, it was announced that Bowe would be part of the crew for Blue Origin's eleventh flight to sub-orbital space under the New Shepard program. The launch, Blue Origin NS-31, took place on April 14, 2025. Early life and education Bowe grew up in the United States in a working-class family. Her high school guidance counselor recommended that she become a cosmetologist, and B ...
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Vostok 6
Vostok 6 () was the first human spaceflight to carry a woman, cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova, into space. Mission The spacecraft was launched on 16 June 1963. It set the record for highest orbital inclination of a crewed spacecraft at 65°, a record not broken until the 90° polar orbit of Fram2 nearly 62 years later. While Vostok 5 had been delayed by technical problems, Vostok 6's launch proceeded with no difficulties. Data collected during the mission provided better understanding of the female body's reaction to spaceflight. Like other cosmonauts on Vostok missions, Tereshkova maintained a flight log, took photographs, and manually oriented the spacecraft. Her photographs of the horizon from space were later used to identify aerosol layers within the atmosphere. The mission, a joint flight with Vostok 5, was originally conceived as being a joint mission with two Vostoks each carrying a female cosmonaut, but this changed as the Vostok program experienced cutbacks as a precurs ...
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Blue Origin NS-31
Blue Origin NS-31 was a sub-orbital spaceflight operated by Blue Origin as part of ''New Shepard'', the company's space tourism program. The flight took place on April 14, 2025, and lasted 10 minutes and 21 seconds. The flight carried all female passengers and was organized by journalist Lauren Sánchez, fiancée of Blue Origin founder Jeff Bezos. She was joined by Aisha Bowe, Kerianne Flynn, Gayle King, Amanda Nguyen and Katy Perry. NS-31 received widespread media attention for its symbolic significance of being the first all-female spaceflight since Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman in space in 1963, making a solo flight on Vostok 6. Overall, the reception to the flight was predominantly negative, with criticism of its messaging and timing. Mission The six-person mission was the eleventh launch of the Blue Origin New Shepard space tourism program, which uses remotely piloted launch rockets to take a capsule with passengers into sub-orbital s ...
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