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Qian Zhengying
Qian Zhengying (; 4 July 1923 – 22 October 2022) was a Chinese hydrologist and politician. Biography She was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province. Her father trained as an engineer in the United States before returning to China; some sources report that Qian was born in the United States. She trained as a civil engineer at Utopia University. Qian joined the Communist Party of China in 1941. She worked with the Red Army in northern China and was involved in projects on the Huai and Yellow Rivers. In 1949, she was vice-director of the Water Conservancy Department of the East China Political and Military Commission and Vice-Director of the Project Department for the Huaihe River Commission. From 1950 to 1952, she was president of East China Technical University of Water Resources (now Hohai University). She was a member of the 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th and 14th Central Committees of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Qian was also vice-minister and then Minister of Water Resourc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qian (surname)
Qian (; Shanghainese: ), also spelt Chin, Chien, Tsien, or Zee in Wu Chinese, is a common Chinese family name. The name literally means " money". Qian is listed at the second place in the Song Dynasty text ''Hundred Family Surnames'', in the line 趙錢孫李 ( Zhao, Qian, Sun, Li). As the royal surname of the kingdom of Wuyue, Qian was regarded as second only to Zhao, the imperial surname of the Song. As of 2008, Qian is the 96th most common surname in China, shared by 2.2 million people, with the province with the most people sharing the name being Jiangsu, an area formerly within the Wuyue kingdom. Origins According to the Song dynasty book, '' Tongzhi'', the Qian surname is descended from Zhuanxu, one of the legendary Five Emperors, via Pengzu, the founder of the Peng kingdom in modern-day Jiangsu during the Shang dynasty. A Zhou dynasty official, Fu, was a descendant of Pengzu and served in the royal Treasury, the ''Qianfu'' ("Money Office"). His descendants adopte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Utopia University
Utopia University, known in Chinese as Datong or Tatung University, was a private university in Shanghai. It was established in March 1912 by a group of former Tsinghua faculty members led by Hu Dunfu, and became one of the most reputable private universities in China. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Communist government closed Utopia along with many other private universities in 1952. Its departments, faculty members, and students were divided and merged into various universities in Shanghai. Founding In April 1911, the American government established Tsinghua College (now Tsinghua University) in Beijing, using part of indemnity payment made by the Qing dynasty in the aftermath of the Boxer Rebellion. In summer, a group of eleven Chinese faculty members at Tsinghua, most of whom were from the Jiangnan region, established the Lida Society () to promote education in China. Hu Dunfu was the head of the society, and other members included Ping Hailan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th Central Committee Of The Communist Party Of China
The 13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from 1987 to 1992. It held seven plenary sessions. It was preceded by the 12th Central Committee and succeeded by the 14th Central Committee. It elected the 13th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1987. List of members :''In stroke order of surnames:'' Chronology #''1st Plenary Session'' #*Date: November 2, 1987 #*Location: Beijing #*Significance: Zhao Ziyang was elected General Secretary. 18-member Politburo, 5-member Politburo Standing Committee and 5-member Secretariat were elected. Deng Xiaoping was re-elected Chairman of the Central Military Commission, and Chen Yun replaced him as Chairman of the Central Advisory Commission. Jiang Zemin was elected to the Politburo for the first time. #''2nd Plenary Session'' #*Date: March 15–19, 1988 #*Location: Beijing #*Significance: List of candidates for top State posts to be submitted to the 7th National People's Congress and the 7th National C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
12th Central Committee Of The Communist Party Of China
The 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from September 1982 to November 1987. It held seven plenary sessions. It was securely succeeded by the 13th Central Committee. It elected the 12th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1982. It had 210 members and 138 alternate members. List of members :''The following is in stroke order of surnames:'' Chronology #''1st Plenary Session'' #*Date: September 12–13, 1982 #*Location: Beijing #*Significance: Hu Yaobang was elected General Secretary, with Zhao Ziyang as his No. 2 (though he was listed fourth among top leaders). 28-member Politburo, 6-member Politburo Standing Committee and 5-member Secretariat were elected. The Central Advisory Commission was established. Deng Xiaoping was elected chairman of both the Central Military Commission and the Central Advisory Commission. In his closing speech, he talked about the retirement of elder leaders. #''2nd Plenary Session'' #*Date: October 11–12, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11th Central Committee Of The Communist Party Of China
The 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in a 5-year session from 1977 to 1982. The 10th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party preceded it. It held seven plenary sessions in the 5-year period. It was formally succeeded by the 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. It elected the 11th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1977. It was the first Politburo elected after Mao Zedong's death in 1976. This politburo was the first to discuss China's wide economic reforms, from the preceding period of high economic control. Members *Hua Guofeng :''The following is in stroke order of surnames:'' In the 3rd Session in 1978, 9 persons were elected to the Central Committee: Huang Kecheng (), Song Renqiong, Hu Qiaomu (), Xi Zhongxun, Wang Renzhong (), Huang Huoqing, Chen Zaidao (), Han Guang (), Zhou Huijiu (). In the 4th Session in 1979, 12 persons were elected to the Central Committee: Wang Heshou (), Liu Lanbo (), Liu Lantao ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Central Committee Of The Communist Party Of China
The 10th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from 1973 to 1977. It was preceded by the 9th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. It held three plenary sessions in the 4-year period. It was formally succeeded by the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. It elected the 10th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1973. *Chairman: Mao Zedong *Vice Chairmen: Zhou Enlai, Wang Hongwen, Kang Sheng, Ye Jianying, Li Desheng (). Members *Mao Zedong :''The following is in stroke order of surnames:'' Chronology #''1st Plenary Session'' #*Date: August 30, 1973 #*Location: Beijing #*Significance: Mao Zedong was appointed Chairman of the CCP Central Committee, with Zhou Enlai, Wang Hongwen, Kang Sheng, Ye Jianying and Li Desheng as vice-chairmen. 25-member Politburo, 9-member Politburo Standing Committee and other central organs were elected. #''2nd Plenary Session'' #*Date: January 8–10, 1975 #*Location: Beijing #*Signif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hohai University
Hohai University (HHU; ) is a public research university in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. It is under the direct administration of the Ministry of Education of China, and previously administered by the Ministry of Water Resources from 1958 to 2000. Named after "Hohai (河海)", literally means river and sea in Chinese, it is a comprehensive university famous in the disciplines related to hydrology, water resources, hydraulic engineering, coastal engineering and marine engineering and has cultivated numerous talents for the development of China's water conservancy. Hohai University is part of the former Project 211 and the Chinese state Double First Class University Plan for National Key Universities of China. Hohai University ranked 501-600th globally and 60th in China for Academic Ranking of World Universities 2021. History Hohai Civil Engineering School was founded in 1915. Later it was merged with the Department of Engineering of National Southeastern University and became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yellow River
The Yellow River or Huang He (Chinese: , Mandarin: ''Huáng hé'' ) is the second-longest river in China, after the Yangtze River, and the sixth-longest river system in the world at the estimated length of . Originating in the Bayan Har Mountains in Qinghai province of Western China, it flows through nine provinces, and it empties into the Bohai Sea near the city of Dongying in Shandong province. The Yellow River basin has an east–west extent of about and a north–south extent of about . Its total drainage area is about . The Yellow River's basin was the birthplace of ancient Chinese, and, by extension, Far Eastern civilization, and it was the most prosperous region in early Chinese history. There are frequent devastating floods and course changes produced by the continual elevation of the river bed, sometimes above the level of its surrounding farm fields. Etymology Early Chinese literature including the '' Yu Gong'' or ''Tribute of Yu'' dating to the Warrin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huai River
The Huai River (), formerly romanized as the Hwai, is a major river in China. It is located about midway between the Yellow River and Yangtze, the two longest rivers and largest drainage basins in China, and like them runs from west to east. Historically draining directly into the Yellow Sea, floods have changed the course of the river such that it now primarily discharges into the Yangtze. The Huai is notoriously vulnerable to flooding. The Qinling–Huaihe Line, formed by the Huai River and the Qin Mountains, is sometimes regarded as the geographical dividing line between Northern and southern China. This line approximates the January isotherm and the isohyet in China. The Huai River is long with a drainage area of . Course The Huai River originates in Tongbai Mountain in Henan province. It flows through southern Henan, northern Anhui, and northern Jiangsu where it pools into Lake Hongze. Nowadays the Huai River then runs southwards as the Sanhe River by way of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Workers' And Peasants' Red Army
The Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army or Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, commonly known as the Chinese Red Army or simply the Red Army, are the armed forces of the Chinese Communist Party. It was formed when Communist elements of the National Revolutionary Army splintered and mutinied in the Nanchang Uprising. The Red Army was reincorporated into the National Revolutionary Army as part of the Second United Front with the Kuomintang to fight against the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War. In the later stages of the Chinese Civil War. History Formation (late 1920s) In the summer of 1926, the CCP took over the two divisions of the Chinese Nationalist Party forces and led a military mutiny. Nationalist forces General He Long commanded the 20th Corps to join them. They had a total of 20,000 soldiers and planned to occupy Guangzhou. However, they were defeated before they reached Guangzhou with only a few thousand men surviving the ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of China
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP), officially the Communist Party of China (CPC), is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, the CCP emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang, and, in 1949, Mao proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China. Since then, the CCP has governed China with eight smaller parties within its United Front and has sole control over the People's Liberation Army (PLA). Each successive leader of the CCP has added their own theories to the party's constitution, which outlines the ideological beliefs of the party, collectively referred to as socialism with Chinese characteristics. As of 2022, the CCP has more than 96 million members, making it the second largest political party by party membership in the world after India's Bharatiya Janata Party. The Chinese public generally refers to the CCP as simply "the Party". In 1921, Chen Duxiu an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Engineer
A civil engineer is a person who practices civil engineering – the application of planning, designing, constructing, maintaining, and operating infrastructure while protecting the public and environmental health, as well as improving existing infrastructure that may have been neglected. Civil engineering is one of the oldest engineering disciplines because it deals with constructed environment including planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of building structures, and facilities, such as roads, railroads, airports, bridges, harbors, channels, dams, irrigation projects, pipelines, power plants, and water and sewage systems. The term "civil engineer" was established by John Smeaton in 1750 to contrast engineers working on civil projects with the military engineers, who worked on armaments and defenses. Over time, various sub-disciplines of civil engineering have become recognized and much of military engineering has been absorbed by civil engineering ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
