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Quodlibeta
During the Middle Ages, ''quodlibeta'' were public disputations in which scholars debated questions "about anything" (''de quolibet'') posed by the audience. The practice originated in the theological faculty of the University of Paris around 1230. Classes were suspended just before Christmas and Easter holidays so that the masters could hold public sessions taking questions from the audience. After 1270, the practice spread beyond Paris, but elsewhere was usually associated with the '' studia'' (schools) of the mendicant orders. The first to introduce the ''quodlibeta'' to an institution outside of Paris was John of Peckham at Oxford University in 1272–1275. Records of ''quodlibeta'' survive on parchment from the 1230s to the 1330s, but thereafter written records are scarce. The practice, however, continued into the sixteenth century. A catalogue of quodlibetal questions and manuscripts was published by in two volumes between 1925 and 1932. Glorieux catalogued about 325 recorde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Of Hales
Alexander of Hales (also Halensis, Alensis, Halesius, Alesius ; 21 August 1245), also called ''Doctor Irrefragibilis'' (by Pope Alexander IV in the ''Bull De Fontibus Paradisi'') and ''Theologorum Monarcha'', was a Franciscan friar, theologian and philosopher important in the development of scholasticism. Life Alexander was born at Hales, Shropshire (today Halesowen, West Midlands), England, between 1180 and 1186. He came from a rather wealthy country family. He studied at the University of Paris and became a master of arts sometime before 1210. He began to read theology in 1212 or 1213, and became a regent master in 1220 or 1221. He introduced the '' Sentences'' of Peter Lombard as the basic textbook for the study of theology. During the University strike of 1229, Alexander participated in an embassy to Rome to discuss the place of Aristotle in the curriculum. Having held a prebend at Holborn (prior to 1229) and a canonry of St. Paul's in London (1226-1229), he visited ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard Of Auvergne
Bernard of Auvergne was a French Dominican theologian and philosopher who was the bishop-elect of Clermont from 1304 to 1307. He is known for his defence of Thomism. Life Bernard was a native of Gannat. He entered the Dominican Order at Clermont. As a Bachelor of Theology, Bernard lectured on Peter Lombard's ''Sentences'' at the University of Paris at an unknown date.. places his lectures in the period 1294–1297. It is unknown, however, he ever became a regent master. In 1302 or 1303, he became the prior of the convent of Saint-Jacques in Paris. In 1303, he led the convent in opposing Pope Boniface VIII's bull ''Unam sanctam''. In 1304, he was elected to succeed Peter of Auvergne as bishop of Clermont. His election was disputed and ultimately quashed by Pope Clement V in 1307. Works Bernard was a Thomist and a staunch defender of Thomas Aquinas against his critics, for which he earned the nickname ''Malleus'' (hammer). His commentary on the ''Sentences'' is partially ext ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Of Sutton
Thomas of Sutton (died after 1315) was an English Dominican theologian, an early Thomist. He was ordained as deacon in 1274 by Walter Giffard, and joined the Dominicans in the 1270s; he may have been a Fellow of Merton College, Oxford before that. He became doctor of theology in 1282. Works He wrote a large number of works, in some of which he opposed Duns Scotus John Duns Scotus ( – 8 November 1308), commonly called Duns Scotus ( ; ; "Duns the Scot"), was a Scottish Catholic priest and Franciscan friar, university professor, philosopher, and theologian. He is one of the four most important ....Hester Goodenough Gelber, ''It Could Have Been Otherwise: Contingency and Necessity in Dominican'' (2004),p. 34. The following works are among those authored by him: *''Commentarium in IV sententiarum libros'' *''Contra pluralitatem formarum'' *''De productione formae substantialis'' *''Liber propugnatorius contra I Sent. Duns Scoti'' *''Super IV librum Sent. Duns Scoti'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas, OP (; it, Tommaso d'Aquino, lit=Thomas of Aquino; 1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar and priest who was an influential philosopher, theologian and jurist in the tradition of scholasticism; he is known within the tradition as the , the , and the . The name ''Aquinas'' identifies his ancestral origins in the county of Aquino in present-day Lazio, Italy. Among other things, he was a prominent proponent of natural theology and the father of a school of thought (encompassing both theology and philosophy) known as Thomism. He argued that God is the source of both the light of natural reason and the light of faith. He has been described as "the most influential thinker of the medieval period" and "the greatest of the medieval philosopher-theologians". His influence on Western thought is considerable, and much of modern philosophy is derived from his ideas, particularly in the areas of ethics, natural law, metaphysics, and political theory. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Of Peckham
John Peckham (c. 1230 – 8 December 1292) was Archbishop of Canterbury in the years 1279–1292. He was a native of Sussex who was educated at Lewes Priory and became a Friar Minor about 1250. He studied at the University of Paris under Bonaventure, where he would later teach theology. From his teaching, he came into conflict with Thomas Aquinas, with whom he debated on two occasions. Known as a conservative theologian, he opposed Aquinas' views on the nature of the soul. Peckham also studied optics and astronomy, and his studies in those subjects were particularly influenced by Roger Bacon and Alhazen. In around 1270, Peckham returned to England, where he taught at the University of Oxford, and was elected the provincial minister of England (Minoriten) in 1275. After a brief stint in Rome, he was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury in 1279. His time as archbishop was marked by efforts to improve discipline in the clergy as well as reorganize the estates of his see. Plu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hervaeus Natalis
Hervaeus Natalis (c. 1260, Nédellec, diocese of Tréguier, Brittany-1323) was a Dominican theologian, the 14th Master of the Dominicans, and the author of a number of works on philosophy and theology. Among his many writings may be included the ''Summa Totius Logicae'', an ''opusculum'' once attributed to Thomas Aquinas. Life Natalis joined the Dominicans in 1276. In 1303, he entered the convent of St. Jacques at the University of Paris. On his arrival to St. Jacques, he signed a petition supporting Philip the Fair's attempt to convoke a council in his war with Pope Boniface VIII on grounds of papal jurisdiction. He studied theology in Paris and became French provincial of the Dominicans in 1308. Later in 1318, he was appointed Master General of the Order. A resolute early Thomist, nicknamed ''Doctor rarus'', he was a tenacious opponent of the theology of Durandus of Saint-Pourçain. He also opposed Scotism. He sought for and obtained the canonization of Aquinas. He became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amadeus De Castello
Amadeus may refer to: *Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791), prolific and influential composer of classical music *Amadeus (name), a given name and people with the name * ''Amadeus'' (play), 1979 stage play by Peter Shaffer * ''Amadeus'' (film), 1984 film based on the play *Amadeus (presenter) (1962), an Italian television and radio presenter *Amadeus Quartet, a former English string ensemble *Amadeus, a database of financial and business information on European firms, developed by Bureau van Dijk *Amadeus CRS, a computer reservation system used by airlines and travel agencies **Amadeus IT Group, a travel and tourism industry transaction processor and owner of Amadeus CRS *Amadeus Basin, a sedimentary basin in Australia *Amadeus Press, publishing house, imprint of Rowman & Littlefield *Amadeus (airline), former German airline See also *Amade (name) *Amadea (other) *Amadee (other) *Amadeo (other) *Amédée (other) *Amedeo (other) Amedeo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew Of Mont-Saint-Éloi
Andrew is the English form of a given name common in many countries. In the 1990s, it was among the top ten most popular names given to boys in English-speaking countries. "Andrew" is frequently shortened to "Andy" or "Drew". The word is derived from the el, Ἀνδρέας, ''Andreas'', itself related to grc, ἀνήρ/ἀνδρός ''aner/andros'', "man" (as opposed to "woman"), thus meaning "manly" and, as consequence, "brave", "strong", "courageous", and "warrior". In the King James Bible, the Greek "Ἀνδρέας" is translated as Andrew. Popularity Australia In 2000, the name Andrew was the second most popular name in Australia. In 1999, it was the 19th most common name, while in 1940, it was the 31st most common name. Andrew was the first most popular name given to boys in the Northern Territory in 2003 to 2015 and continuing. In Victoria, Andrew was the first most popular name for a boy in the 1970s. Canada Andrew was the 20th most popular name chosen for mal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annibaldo Annibaldi
Annibaldo Annibaldi, also known as Annibaldo degli Annibaldi (died 1 September 1271), was an Italian Catholic theologian, Formation Annibaldo was born into the Roman baronial family known as the Annibaldi, early in the 13th century. Annibaldo joined the Dominican Order at an early age. He was an alumnus of Santa Sabina ''studium conventuale'', the first ''studium'' of the Dominican Order at Rome, and the progenitor of the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, ''Angelicum''. Later he was sent to the ''studium generale'' at Paris c. 1255 to become a master."D'altra parte, fonti anche antiche affermano che l'A., entrato ancor giovane tra i domenicani nel convento romano di S. Sabina, dopo i primi studi - verosimilmente già sacerdote - fu inviato per i gradi accademici a Parigi e qui la sua presenza è accertata solo dopo il 1255." http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/annibaldo-annibaldi_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ Accessed June 22, 2011 Career At Paris Annibaldo formed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period. The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early Early may refer to: History * The beginning or oldest part of a defined historical period, as opposed to middle or late periods, e.g.: ** Early Christianity ** Early modern Europe Places in the United States * Early, Iowa * Early, Texas * Early ..., High Middle Ages, High, and Late Middle Ages. Population decline, counterurbanisation, the collapse of centralized authority, invasions, and mass migrations of tribes, which had begun in late antiquity, continued i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augustine Of Ancona
Augustinus Triumphus ( it, Agostino Trionfo; 1243 – 2 April 1328), also known as Augustinus of Ancona, was a Hermit of St. Augustine and writer. He is celebrated for his work ''Summa de potestate ecclesiastica'', printed in 1473. The ''Summa'' became a standard reference for papalist arguments in the later 16th century, and was several times reprinted. Alongside James of Viterbo, Giles of Rome, and Alvarus Pelagius Alvarus Pelagius ( es, Álvaro Pelayo; c. 1280 – 25 January 1352) was a celebrated Galician canonist. Life Alvarus was born at Salnés, Galicia. He studied Canon law at Bologna, but in 1304 resigned his benefices, and entered the Franci ..., Augustinus was among the leading pro-papal jurists. His title ''Triumphus'' is first attested in the 16th century. Works * ''Summa de potestate ecclesiastica''. Arnold ter Hoernen, Cologne 26.I.147digital References External links * __NOTOC__ 1243 births 1328 deaths 13th-century Italian Roman Catholic theol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
