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Qa (Cyrillic)
Qa (Ԛ ԛ; italics: ''Ԛ ԛ'') is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is based on the Q, Latin letter Q (Q q). The lowercase form can look like a reversed Er (Cyrillic), Cyrillic letter Р, and the uppercase as well depending on font. Qa is used in the Cyrillic alphabet of the Kurdish language, where it represents the voiceless uvular plosive . It was also used to represent , the uvular ejective stop (now represented by Ka with stroke, Ҟ ҟ), in the Translation Committee's Abkhaz alphabet, published around the turn of the 20th century, and to represent in three old Ossetian alphabets (now represented by Хь хъ). This character appeared in newspapers and articles such as 1955's ''Кӧрдо'' or ''Kurdo''. The letter was also used in the scrapped version of the Azerbaijani alphabet. It was, however, eliminated and replaced by Ҝ in Dagestan. Computing codes See also Other Cyrillic letters used to write the sound : *Қ қ : Qaf (Cyrillic), Cyrillic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyrillic
The Cyrillic script ( ) is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia, and used by many other minority languages. , around 250 million people in Eurasia use Cyrillic as the official script for their national languages, with Russia accounting for about half of them. With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the European Union, following the Latin and Greek alphabets. The Early Cyrillic alphabet was developed during the 9th century AD at the Preslav Literary School in the First Bulgarian Empire during the reign of Tsar Simeon I the Great, probably by the disciples of the two Byzantine brothers Cyril and Methodius, who had previously created the Gl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ossetian Alphabet
Ossetian ( , , ), commonly referred to as Ossetic and rarely as Ossete, is an Eastern Iranian language that is spoken predominantly in Ossetia, a region situated on both sides of the Russian-Georgian border in the Greater Caucasus region. It is the native language of the Ossetian people, and a relative and possibly a descendant of the extinct Scythian, Sarmatian, and Alanic languages. The northern half of the Ossetian region is part of Russia and is known as North Ossetia–Alania, while the southern half is part of the '' de facto'' country of South Ossetia (recognized by the United Nations as Russian-occupied territory that is ''de jure'' part of Georgia). Ossetian-speakers number about 614,350, with 451,000 recorded in Russia per the 2010 Russian census. Despite Ossetian being the official languages of both North and South Ossetia, since 2009 UNESCO has listed Ossetian as "vulnerable". In the 2010 Russian census only 36% of North Ossetians claimed to be fluent in Osse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleut Ka
Aleut ( ) or is the language spoken by the Aleut living in the Aleutian Islands, Pribilof Islands, Commander Islands, and the Alaska Peninsula (in Aleut , the origin of the state name Alaska). Aleut is the sole language in the Aleut branch of the Eskimo–Aleut language family. The Aleut language consists of three dialects, including (Eastern Aleut), / (Atka Aleut), and / (Western Aleut, now extinct). Various sources estimate there are fewer than 100 to 150 remaining active Aleut speakers. Because of this, Eastern and Atkan Aleut are classified as "critically endangered and extinct" and have an Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS) rating of 7. The task of revitalizing Aleut has largely been left to local government and community organizations. The overwhelming majority of schools in the historically Aleut-speaking regions lack any language/culture courses in their curriculum, and those that do fail to produce fluent or even proficient speakers. Histor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bashkir Qa
Bashkir Qa or Bashkir Ka (Ҡ ҡ; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is formed from the Cyrillic letter Ka (К к) with the top extending horizontally to the left. It is used in the alphabet of the Bashkir language and (some forms of) Siberian Tatar. It represents the voiceless uvular plosive . It corresponds to, and is pronounced the same as, the letter Қ in Kazakh, Karakalpak, Uzbek, and (some forms of) Siberian Tatar. It is represented in the Arabic script for Bashkir as ق. Computing codes See also Other Cyrillic letters used to write the sound : *Қ қ : Cyrillic letter Ka with descender *Ӄ ӄ : Cyrillic letter Ka with hook *Ԟ ԟ : Cyrillic letter Aleut Ka *Ԛ ԛ : Cyrillic letter Qa *Cyrillic characters in Unicode As of Unicode version , Cyrillic script is encoded across several blocks: * CyrillicU+0400–U+04FF 256 characters * Cyrillic SupplementU+0500–U+052F 48 characters * Cyrillic Extended-AU+2DE0–U+2DFF 32 charact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ka With Hook
Ka with hook (Ӄ ӄ; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is formed from the Cyrillic letter Ka (К к) by the addition of a hook. Ka with hook is widely used in the alphabets of Siberia and the Russian Far East: Chukchi, Koryak, Alyutor, Itelmen, Yupik, Aleut, Nivkh, Ket, Tofalar and Selkup, where it represents the voiceless uvular plosive . It has been sometimes used in the Khanty language as a substitute for Cyrillic letter Ka with descender, Қ қ, which also stands for . It was also used to represent , the aspirated voiceless velar plosive, in the Translation Committee's Abkhaz alphabet, which was published around the turn of the 20th century, and to represent , the velar ejective stop, in two old Ossetian alphabets, Anders Johan Sjögren's 1844 alphabet and the Teachers' Congress's 1917 alphabet. Computing codes See also Other Cyrillic letters used to write the sound : *Ҡ ҡ : Cyrillic letter Bashkir Qa *Ԟ ԟ : Cyrillic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qaf (Cyrillic)
Ka with descender (Қ қ; italics: ), is a letter of the Cyrillic script used in a number of non-Slavic languages spoken in the territory of the former Soviet Union, including: * the Turkic languages Kazakh, Uyghur, Uzbek and several smaller languages ( Karakalpak, Shor and Tofa), where it represents the voiceless uvular plosive . * Iranian languages such as Tajik and, before 1924, Ossetic (now superseded by the digraph ). Since is represented by the letter ق ''qāf'' in the Arabic alphabet, Қ is sometimes referred to as "Cyrillic Qaf". * Eastern varieties of the Khanty language, where it also represents . * the Abkhaz language, where it represents the aspirated voiceless velar plosive . (The Cyrillic letter Ka (К к) is used to represent .) It was introduced in 1905 for the spelling of Abkhaz. From 1928 to 1938, Abkhaz was spelled with the Latin alphabet, and the corresponding letter was the Latin letter K with descender (Ⱪ ⱪ). Its ISO 9 transliter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dagestan
Dagestan ( ; ; ), officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Federal District. The republic is the southernmost tip of Russia, sharing land borders with the countries of Azerbaijan and Georgia to the south and southwest, the Russian republics of Chechnya and Kalmykia to the west and north, and with Stavropol Krai to the northwest. Makhachkala is the republic's capital and largest city; other major cities are Derbent, Kizlyar, Izberbash, Kaspiysk, and Buynaksk. Dagestan covers an area of , with a population of over 3.1 million, consisting of over 30 ethnic groups and 81 nationalities. With 14 official languages, and 12 ethnic groups each constituting more than 1% of its total population, the republic is one of Russia's most linguistically and ethnically diverse, and one of the most heteroge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azerbaijani Alphabet
The Azerbaijani alphabet (, , ) has three versions which includes the Arabic script, Arabic, Latin script, Latin, and Cyrillic alphabets. Azerbaijani language#North Azerbaijani, North Azerbaijani, the official language of Azerbaijan, Republic of Azerbaijan, is written in a modified Latin alphabet. After the fall of Soviet Union this superseded previous versions based on Cyrillic script, Cyrillic and Arabic script, Arabic scripts. Azerbaijani language#South Azerbaijani, South Azerbaijani, the language spoken in Iran’s Iranian Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan region, is written in a modified Arabic script since Safavid Empire. Azerbaijanis of Dagestan still use the Cyrillic script. Azerbaijani Latin alphabet The Azerbaijani Latin alphabet consists of 32 letters. History From the nineteenth century there were efforts by some intellectuals like Mirza Fatali Akhundov and Mammad agha Shahtakhtinski to replace the Arabic script and create a Latin alphabet for Azerbaijani. In 1922, a L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abkhaz Alphabet
The Abkhaz alphabet is a Cyrillic alphabet used for the Abkhaz language. Abkhaz did not become a written language until the 19th century. Up until then, Abkhazians, especially princes, had been using Greek (up to c. 9th century), Georgian (9–19th centuries), and partially Turkish (18th century) languages. The Abkhaz word for alphabet is анбан (anban), which was borrowed from Georgian ანბანი (anbani). History The first Abkhaz alphabet was created in 1862 by Peter von Uslar. It had 55 letters and was based on the Cyrillic script. Another version, having 51 letters, was used in 1892 by Dimitry Gulia and K. Machavariani. In 1909, the alphabet was again expanded to 55 letters by Andria Tchotchua to adjust to the extensive consonantal inventory of Abkhaz. In 1926, during the ''korenizatsiya'' policy in the Soviet Union, the Cyrillic alphabet was replaced by a Latin alphabet devised by Nikolay Marr. It featured 76 letters and was called the "Abkhaz ana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphabet
An alphabet is a standard set of letter (alphabet), letters written to represent particular sounds in a spoken language. Specifically, letters largely correspond to phonemes as the smallest sound segments that can distinguish one word from another in a given language. Not all writing systems represent language in this way: a syllabary assigns symbols to spoken syllables, while logographies assign symbols to words, morphemes, or other semantic units. The first letters were invented in Ancient Egypt to serve as an aid in writing Egyptian hieroglyphs; these are referred to as Egyptian uniliteral signs by lexicographers. This system was used until the 5th century AD, and fundamentally differed by adding pronunciation hints to existing hieroglyphs that had previously carried no pronunciation information. Later on, these phonemic symbols also became used to transcribe foreign words. The first fully phonemic script was the Proto-Sinaitic script, also descending from Egyptian hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ka With Stroke
Ka with stroke (Ҟ ҟ; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is formed from the Cyrillic letter Ka (К к) by adding a stroke through the upper part of the vertical stem of the letter. Ka with stroke is used in the alphabet of the Abkhaz language to represent the uvular ejective . It is the 26th letter of the alphabet, placed between the digraphs and . Computing codes See also *Ꝁ ꝁ : K with stroke *Cyrillic characters in Unicode As of Unicode version , Cyrillic script is encoded across several blocks: * CyrillicU+0400–U+04FF 256 characters * Cyrillic SupplementU+0500–U+052F 48 characters * Cyrillic Extended-AU+2DE0–U+2DFF 32 characters * Cyrillic Extended-BU+A64 ... References Cyrillic letters with diacritics Letters with stroke {{Cyrillic-alphabet-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uvular Ejective Stop
The uvular ejective is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is . Features Features of the uvular ejective: Occurrence A single plain uvular ejective is found in almost all Northeast Caucasian languages, all South Caucasian languages, and some Athabaskan languages, as well as Itelmen, Quechua and Aymara. Most Salishan languages, the Tlingit language, and Adyghe and Kabardian ( Northwest Caucasian) demonstrate a two-way contrast between labialised and plain uvular ejectives. The Akhvakh language appears to have a contrast between lax and tense uvular ejectives: (lax) vs. (tense). Abkhaz contrasts plain, palatalised and labialised uvular ejectives, written , e.g., , , . As with Georgian, Abkhaz has no non-ejective uvular stops; the historically present uvular aspirates have merged with their corresponding fricatives, although the aspirates are preserved in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
