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Pseudospongosorites
''Pseudospongosorites'' is a genus of sea sponges belonging to the family Suberitidae. Currently, the genus is considered as monotypic, consisting of a single species ''Pseudospongosorites suberitoides''. It is found in the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and on the Atlantic coast of the United States as far north as North Carolina. This species is known by the common name Florida hermit crab sponge, so named because hermit crabs often use it as shelter. Taxonomy ''Pseudospongosorites suberitoides'' was originally thought to represent a species in the genus '' Suberites'', due to its superficial resemblance and similar ecology. ''Suberites'' contains nearly all other sponges known as the 'hermit crab sponges,' most notably ''Suberites domuncula''. However the ''Suberites'' hermit crab sponges are only found in deep water greater than 20m, while ''Pseudospongosorites suberitoides'' is usually found in shallow water near shore. In 1993 the species was named as a species in the g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suberitidae
Suberitidae is a family of sea sponges Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through th ... belonging to the order Suberitida. Genera * Suberites * Homaxinella * Rhizaxinella * Caulospongia * Pseudospongosorites * Aaptos ... References Sponge families {{demosponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sea Sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. Sponges have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and that often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes. Sponges were first to branch off the evolutionary tree from the last common ancestor of all animals, making them the sister group of all other animals. Etymology The term ''sponge'' derives from the Ancient Greek word ( 'sponge'). Overview Sponges are similar to other animals in that they are multicellular, het ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camouflage
Camouflage is the use of any combination of materials, coloration, or illumination for concealment, either by making animals or objects hard to see, or by disguising them as something else. Examples include the leopard's spotted coat, the battledress of a modern soldier, and the leaf-mimic katydid's wings. A third approach, motion dazzle, confuses the observer with a conspicuous pattern, making the object visible but momentarily harder to locate, as well as making general aiming easier. The majority of camouflage methods aim for crypsis, often through a general resemblance to the background, high contrast disruptive coloration, eliminating shadow, and countershading. In the open ocean, where there is no background, the principal methods of camouflage are transparency, silvering, and countershading, while the bioluminescence, ability to produce light is among other things used for counter-illumination on the undersides of cephalopods such as squid. Some animals, such as chamel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Aeration
Water aeration is the process of increasing or maintaining the oxygen saturation of water in both natural and artificial environments. Aeration techniques are commonly used in pond, lake, and reservoir management to address low oxygen levels or algal blooms. Water quality Water aeration is often required in water bodies that suffer from hypoxic or anoxic conditions, often caused by upstream human activities such as sewage discharges, agricultural run-off, or over-baiting a fishing lake. Aeration can be achieved through the infusion of air into the bottom of the lake, lagoon or pond or by surface agitation from a fountain or spray-like device to allow for oxygen exchange at the surface and the release of gasses such as carbon dioxide, methane or hydrogen sulfide. Decreased levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) is a major contributor to poor water quality. Not only do fish and most other aquatic animals need oxygen, aerobic bacteria help decompose organic matter. When oxygen concentr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutualism (biology)
Mutualism describes the ecological interaction between two or more species where each species has a net benefit. Mutualism is a common type of ecological interaction. Prominent examples include most vascular plants engaged in mutualistic interactions with mycorrhizae, flowering plants being pollinated by animals, vascular plants being dispersed by animals, and corals with zooxanthellae, among many others. Mutualism can be contrasted with interspecific competition, in which each species experiences ''reduced'' fitness, and exploitation, or parasitism, in which one species benefits at the expense of the other. The term ''mutualism'' was introduced by Pierre-Joseph van Beneden in his 1876 book ''Animal Parasites and Messmates'' to mean "mutual aid among species". Mutualism is often conflated with two other types of ecological phenomena: cooperation and symbiosis. Cooperation most commonly refers to increases in fitness through within-species (intraspecific) interactions, alth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paguristes
''Paguristes'' is a genus of hermit crab Hermit crabs are anomuran decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea that have adapted to occupy empty scavenged mollusc shells to protect their fragile exoskeletons. There are over 800 species of hermit crab, most of which possess an as ... in the family Diogenidae. It includes the following species (extinct species are marked with a †): *'' P. acanthomerus'' *'' P. aciculus'' *'' P. agulhasensis'' *'' P. albimaculatus'' *'' P. alcocki'' *'' P. alegrias'' *'' P. anahuacus'' *'' P. angustithecus'' *'' P. anomalus'' *'' P. antennarius'' *'' P. arostratus'' *'' P. aulacis'' *'' P. aztatlanensis'' *'' P. bakeri'' *'' P. balanophilus'' *'' P. barbatus'' *'' P. barnardi'' *'' P. brachyrostris'' *'' P. brevicornis'' *'' P. brevirostris'' *'' P. cadenati'' *'' P. calvus'' *†'' P. chipolensis'' *'' P. ciliatus'' *'' P. crinitimanus'' *†'' P. cserhatensis'' *'' P. dampierensis'' *'' P. depressus'' *'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pagurus
''Pagurus'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Paguridae. Like other hermit crabs, their abdomen is not calcified and they use snail shells as protection. These marine decapod crustaceans are omnivorous, but mostly prey on small animals and scavenge carrion. ''Trigonocheirus'' and '' Pagurixus'' used to be considered subgenera of ''Pagurus'', but the former is nowadays included in '' Orthopagurus'', while the latter has been separated as a distinct genus. Species Some 170 species are presently placed in ''Pagurus''; many others have been placed here at one time but are now assigned to other genera of Paguroidea. The following list is current : *'' Pagurus acadianus'' Benedict, 1901 *'' Pagurus alabamensis'' Rathbun, 1935 † *'' Pagurus alaini'' Komai, 1998 *'' Pagurus alatus'' Fabricius, 1775 *'' Pagurus albidianthus'' de Saint Laurent & McLaughlin, 2000 *'' Pagurus albus'' (Benedict, 1892) *'' Pagurus alcocki'' (Balss, 1911) *'' Pagurus aleuticus'' (Benedict, 1892 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantharus (gastropod)
''Cantharus'' is a genus of sea snails in the family Pisaniidae. Taxonomy This genus was previously placed in family Fasciolariidae The Fasciolariidae, common name the "tulip snails and spindle snails", are a family of small to large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Buccinoidea. The family Fasciolariidae probably appeared about 110 million years ago ... by some authors. The genus is sometimes split into subgenera. Species , the World Register of Marine Species accepts 14 extant and 1 extinct species in the genus ''Cantharus'': * †'' Cantharus acuticingulatus'' * '' Cantharus berryi'' * '' Cantharus bolivianus'' * '' Cantharus cecillei'' * '' Cantharus erythrostoma'' * '' Cantharus leucotaeniatus'' * '' Cantharus melanostoma'' * '' Cantharus petwayae'' * '' Cantharus rehderi'' * '' Cantharus salalahensis'' * '' Cantharus septemcostatus'' * '' Cantharus spiralis'' * '' Cantharus tranquebaricus'' * '' Cantharus vermeiji'' * '' Canthar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastropod Shell
The gastropod shell is part of the body of a gastropod or snail, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage. Some gastropods appear shell-less (slugs) but may have a remnant within the mantle, or in some cases the shell is reduced such that the body cannot be retracted within it ( semi-slug). Some snails also possess an operculum that seals the opening of the shell, known as the aperture, which provides further protection. The study of mollusc shells is known as conchology. The biological study of gastropods, and other molluscs in general, is malacology. Shell morphology terms vary by species group. Shell layers The gastropod shell has three major layers secreted by the mantle. The calcareous central layer, tracum, is typically made of calcium carbonate precipitated into an organic matrix known as conchiolin. The outermost layer is the periostr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Florida
Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida and Cuba; it is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Spanning , Florida ranks 22nd in area among the 50 states, and with a population of over 21 million, it is the third-most populous. The state capital is Tallahassee, and the most populous city is Jacksonville. The Miami metropolitan area, with a population of almost 6.2 million, is the most populous urban area in Florida and the ninth-most populous in the United States; other urban conurbations with over one million people are Tampa Bay, Orlando, and Jacksonville. Various Native American groups have inhabited Florida for at least 14,000 years. In 1513, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León became the first k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gulf Coast Of The United States
The Gulf Coast of the United States, also known as the Gulf South, is the coastline along the Southern United States where they meet the Gulf of Mexico. The coastal states that have a shoreline on the Gulf of Mexico are Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, and these are known as the ''Gulf States''. The economy of the Gulf Coast area is dominated by industries related to energy, petrochemicals, fishing, aerospace, agriculture, and tourism. The large cities of the region are (from west to east) Brownsville, Corpus Christi, Houston, Galveston, Beaumont, Lake Charles, Lafayette, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Gulfport, Biloxi, Mobile, Pensacola, Navarre, St. Petersburg, and Tampa. All are the centers or major cities of their respective metropolitan areas and many of which contain large ports. Geography The Gulf Coast is made of many inlets, bays, and lagoons. The coast is intersected by numerous rivers, the largest of which is the Mississippi River. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apalachee Bay
Apalachee Bay is a bay in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico occupying an indentation of the Florida coast to the west of where the Florida peninsula joins the United States mainland. It is bordered by Taylor, Jefferson, Wakulla, and Franklin counties. The Aucilla, Econfina, St. Marks, and Ochlockonee rivers drain into the bay. In 1528 five boats were constructed by Pánfilo de Narváez in the bay. It is named for the Apalachee tribe which lived between the Aucilla and Ochlockonee rivers until the 18th century. Most of the bay's coast is the St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge. Underwater archaeological sites Beginning in the 1980s submerged archaeological sites have been identified and examined on the seabed of Apalachee Bay. During the height of the last glacial period, global sea levels were at least lower than in the 20th Century. All of the Florida Platform would have been above sea level, with the west coast of the Florida peninsula being about west of the curre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
