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Prutah
Prutah (Hebrew: פרוטה) is a Hebrew term, possibly derived from Aramaic. It refers to a small denomination coin. History Antiquity The prutah was an ancient copper coin of the Second Temple period of Israel with low value. A loaf of bread in ancient times was worth about 10 ''prutot'' (plural of prutah). One prutah was also worth two lepta (singular lepton), which was the smallest denomination minted by the kings of the Hasmonean and Herodian dynasties. Prutot were also minted by the procurators of Roman Judaea, and later were minted by the Jews during the First Jewish–Roman War (sometimes called " Masada coins"). State of Israel In modern times, the pruta was a denomination ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Israeli Pound
The pound or lira ( 'Lira Yisra'elit'' 'Junayh ʾIsrāʾīlī'' abbreviation: IL in Latin, ל"י in Hebrew; ISO code: ) was the currency of the State of Israel from 9 June 1952 until 23 February 1980. The Israeli pound replaced the Palestine pound and was initially pegged at par to £1 sterling. It was replaced by the shekel on 24 February 1980, at the rate of IS 1 = IL 10, which was in turn replaced by the new shekel in 1985. Before the new currency was brought in, the Anglo-Palestine Bank issued banknotes denominated in Palestine pounds. They were in Hebrew (''lira E.Y.'' i.e. ''lira Eretz-Yisraelit'') and Arabic ''junayh filisṭīnī'' (). On 1 May 1951, all the assets and liabilities of the Anglo Palestine Bank were transferred to a new company called Bank Leumi Le-Yisrael (Israel National Bank) and the currency name became: ''lira yisraelit'' () in Hebrew, ''junayh ʾisrāʾīlī'' in Arabic, and Israeli pound in English. The new currency was issued ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palestine Pound
The Palestine pound or Palestine lira ( []; or פלסטינית לירה ; Currency symbol, symbol: £P), was the currency of the Mandatory Palestine, British Mandate of Palestine from 1 November 1927 to 14 May 1948, and of the State of Israel between 15 May 1948 and 23 June 1952, until it was replaced with the Israeli pound. The Palestine pound was also the currency of Transjordan until 1949 when it was replaced by the Jordanian dinar, and remained in usage in the West Bank of Jordan until 1950. In the Gaza Strip, the Palestine pound continued to circulate until April 1951, when it was replaced back with the Egyptian pound. History Until 1918, Palestine was an integral part of the Ottoman Empire and therefore used its currency, the Ottoman lira. During 1917 and 1918, Palestine was occupied by the British army, who set up a military administration. The official currency was the Egyptian pound, which had been first introduced into Egypt in 1834, but several other currencie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herodian Coinage
Herodian coinage were coins minted and issued by the Herodian Dynasty, Jews of Idumean descent who ruled the province of Judaea between 37 BC – 92 AD. The dynasty was founded by Herod the Great who was the son of Antipater, a powerful official under the Hasmonean King Hyrcanus II. Herod the Great, 37–4 BC The coinage of Herod the Great continued the Jewish tradition of not depicting a graven image. However, a prutah of Herod was the first coin since the Persian period to depict a living creature—an eagle, which may have been an allusion to the golden eagle that Herod erected over the entrance to the Second Temple, and which caused such great offence to the Jews. Other objects depicted on coins of Herod include a winged caduceus and pomegranate ('rimmôn'), one of the seven species mentioned in the Bible as blessings to the Land of Israel, a plumed helmet and shield, a ship's stern and a palm branch. The largest denomination coin issued by Herod, bears a year, "year 3" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasmonean Coinage
Hasmonean coinage are the coins minted by the Hasmonean kings. Only bronze coins in various denominations have been found; the smallest being a prutah or a half prutah. One Roman silver denarius is associated with the Hasmoneans, bearing a supplicant man bowing before a camel with a palm branch in his hand and the inscription BACCHIVS IVDAEVS (Bacchius the Jew). The individual on the coin has often been identified as Aristobulus II. The Hebrew inscriptions found on Hasmonean coins are: *''"Yehochanan Kohen Gadol Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehochanan the High Priest, Council of the Jews). *''"Yehochanan Kohen Gadol Rosh Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehochanan the High Priest, Head of the Council of the Jews). *''"Yehonatan Kohen Gadol Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehonatan the High Priest, Council of the Jews). *''"Yehonatan Hamelech"'' (Yehonatan the King). *''"Yehudah Kohen Gadol Chever Hayehudim"'' (Yehudah the High Priest, Council of the Jews). *''"Malka Aleksandros"'' (King Alexander) *''"Mati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procuratorial Coinage Of Roman Judaea
The procuratorial coinage of Roman Judaea was minted by the prefects and procurators of the province between AD 6 and 66 in only one denomination and size, the bronze prutah. All the coins were minted in Jerusalem. The design of these coins reflects accommodation of Jewish religious sensibilities. Likely in collaboration with Jerusalem's Jewish leadership, they deviated from typical Roman coinage featuring the emperor's portrait. Instead, they displayed symbols like palm tree and ears of grains, reminiscent of earlier Hasmonean and Herodian designs. A notable exception is the coinage of Pontius Pilate, which included Roman cultic items on one side, though the reverse maintained Jewish imagery. Primarily circulated in Judaea, these coins have been found beyond their intended area, including in Transjordan and Syria. Minting ceased in 59 CE, but the coins remained in use until the end of the First Jewish–Roman War 70 CE. Issues Attribution to specific governors is achieved t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Procurator Coinage
The procuratorial coinage of Judaea (Roman province), Roman Judaea was minted by the Roman administration of Judaea (AD 6–135), prefects and procurators of the province between AD 6 and 66 in only one denomination and size, the bronze prutah. All the coins were minted in Jerusalem. The design of these coins reflects accommodation of Jewish religious sensibilities. Likely in collaboration with Jerusalem's Jewish leadership, they deviated from typical Roman coinage featuring the emperor's portrait. Instead, they displayed symbols like Date palm, palm tree and Ear (botany), ears of grains, reminiscent of earlier Hasmonean coinage, Hasmonean and Herodian coinage, Herodian designs. A notable exception is the coinage of Pontius Pilate, which included Roman cultic items on one side, though the reverse maintained Jewish imagery. Primarily circulated in Judaea, these coins have been found beyond their intended area, including in Transjordan (region), Transjordan and Roman Syria, Syria. Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Hyrcanus
John Hyrcanus (; ; ) was a Hasmonean (Maccabee, Maccabean) leader and Jewish High Priest of Israel of the 2nd century BCE (born 164 BCE, reigned from 134 BCE until he died in 104 BCE). In rabbinic literature he is often referred to as ''Yoḥanan Cohen Gadol'' (), "John the High Priest". Name Josephus explains in ''The Jewish War'' that John was also known as "Hyrcanus" but does not explain the reason behind this name. The only other primary sources—the Books of the Maccabees—never used this name for John. The single occurrence of the name ''Hyrcanus'' in 2 Maccabees 3:11 refers to a man to whom some of the money in the Temple belonged during the c. 178 BCE visit of Heliodorus (minister), Heliodorus. The reason for the name is disputed amongst biblical scholars, with a variety of reasons proposed: * Familial origin in the region of Hyrcania on the Caspian Sea * A Greek regnal name, which would have represented closer ties with the Hellenistic period, Hellenistic culture agai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masada Coins
First Jewish Revolt coinage refers to the series of coins minted by Jewish rebels during the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE). Produced primarily in Jerusalem, these coins adopted distinctly Jewish symbols, such as pomegranates, ''lulavs'' (palm branches), and Hebrew inscriptions in the paleo-Hebrew script proclaiming messages like "For the Freedom of Zion" and "Jerusalem the Holy." The coinage, which included silver ''shekels'' and bronze denominations, marked a revival of Jewish political independence, with years dated according to the revolt. Beyond their economic role, the coins served as a symbol of resistance against Roman rule and an assertion of Jewish sovereignty and economic freedom. The coins have been known since medieval times, where they were often described as having Samaritan inscriptions. They were attributed to the First Jewish Revolt in the mid-20th century. History In the Revolt's first year (66–67 CE), the Jews minted only silver coins, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zuz (coin)
A Zuz (; plural zuzim) was an ancient Jewish silver coin struck during the Bar Kokhba revolt as well as a Jewish name for the various types of non-Jewish small silver coinage, used before and after the period of the revolt. The name was used from the Greek era of drachmas, through the Roman era of Denarius, and then as the quarter denomination of Bar Kokhba Revolt coinage. The Jewish insurrectionists' ''zuzim'' were overstruck on Imperial denarii or provincial drachmas of the emperors Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Trajan, and Hadrian. Four zuzim, denarii or drachmas make a shekel, a sela or a tetradrachm. Etymology Several different etymologies have been suggested for the word "zuz": * A corruption of the Greek Zeus, who was the deity portrayed on the reverse of many Seleucid tetradrachms during the latest stages of the Seleucid Empire. * In Hebrew, the word "zuz" means "move", or "to move", so it was called "zuzim" to show that it was constantly moving around, usually referring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Jewish Revolt Coinage
First Jewish Revolt coinage refers to the series of coins minted by Jewish rebels during the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE). Produced primarily in Jerusalem, these coins adopted distinctly Jewish symbols, such as pomegranates, ''lulavs'' (palm branches), and Hebrew inscriptions in the paleo-Hebrew script proclaiming messages like "For the Freedom of Zion" and "Jerusalem the Holy." The coinage, which included silver '' shekels'' and bronze denominations, marked a revival of Jewish political independence, with years dated according to the revolt. Beyond their economic role, the coins served as a symbol of resistance against Roman rule and an assertion of Jewish sovereignty and economic freedom. The coins have been known since medieval times, where they were often described as having Samaritan inscriptions. They were attributed to the First Jewish Revolt in the mid-20th century. History In the Revolt's first year (66–67 CE), the Jews minted only silver coins, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bar Kochba Revolt Coinage
Bar Kokhba revolt coinage were coins issued by the Judaean rebel state, headed by Simon Bar Kokhba, during the Bar Kokhba revolt against the Roman Empire of 132–135 CE. During the revolt, large quantities of coins were issued in silver and copper with rebellious inscriptions, all being overstruck over foreign (mostly Roman) coins, when a file was used to remove the designs of the original coins, such as the portrait of the Roman Emperor. The undercoin can clearly be seen on some of the silver coins because they were not filed down so as not to lose the value of the silver. On the bronze coins it is very difficult to see the underlying coin because they were filed down before they were over-struck. In rare instances, the coin cracked when it was overstruck. The name "Shim'on" (likely referring to the leader of the Revolt, Shim'on (Simon) Bar Koseba) appears on all of the coins of the Bar Kokhba Revolt except for a few types issued at the beginning of the revolt with the name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
