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Proteroctopus Ribeti
''Proteroctopus'', from Ancient Greek πρότερος (''próteros''), meaning "anterior", ὀκτώ (''októ''), meaning "eight", and πούς (''poús''), meaning "foot", is an extinct genus of cephalopod that lived in the Middle Jurassic, approximately 164 million years ago. It is only known from a single species ''P. ribeti''. The single fossil specimen assigned to this species originates from the Callovian, Lower Callovian of Voulte-sur-Rhône in France. It is currently on display at the Musée de Paléontologie de La Voulte-sur-Rhône. While originally interpreted as an early octopus, a 2016 restudy of the specimen considered it to be a basal member of the Vampyropoda, less closely related to octopus or vampire squid than either of the two groups are to each other. A phylogenetic analysis by Kruta et. al indicates that Proteroctopus may be more closely related to the Vampyromorpha based on its unique morphology: two fins, head fused to the body, eight arms, two rows of obliq ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Claude Fischer
Jean-Claude is a French masculine given name. Notable people with the name include: People called Jean-Claude * Jean-Claude Ades, an Italian electronic music producer * Jean-Claude Alibert (died 2020), a French racing driver * Jean-Claude Amiot (born 1939), a French composer, music professor and conductor * Jean-Claude Andruet (born 1940), a French professional rally driver * Jean-Claude Bajeux (1931–2011), a professor and director of the Ecumenical Center for Human Rights in Port-au-Prince, Haiti * Jean-Claude Baker (1943–2015), a French-born American restaurateur * Jean-Claude Barreau (1933–2025), a French essayist and writer * Jean-Claude Bastos de Morais (born 1967), a Swiss entrepreneur with strong connections to Angola * Jean-Claude Beaulieu (born 1944), a member of the National Assembly of France * Jean-Claude Bergeron (born 1968), a retired Canadian ice hockey goaltender * Jean-Claude Bertrand (born 1954), a retired French badminton player * Jean-Claude Biver (born 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octopus
An octopus (: octopuses or octopodes) is a soft-bodied, eight-limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda (, ). The order consists of some 300 species and is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids. Like other cephalopods, an octopus is bilaterally symmetric with two eyes and a beaked mouth at the centre point of the eight limbs. An octopus can radically deform its shape, enabling it to squeeze through small gaps. They trail their appendages behind them as they swim. The siphon is used for respiration and locomotion (by water jet propulsion). Octopuses have a complex nervous system and excellent sight, and are among the most intelligent and behaviourally diverse invertebrates. Octopuses inhabit various ocean habitats, including coral reefs, pelagic waters, and the seabed; some live in the intertidal zone and others at abyssal depths. Most species grow quickly, mature early, and are short-lived. In most species, the male uses a speciall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic Prehistoric Cephalopod Genera
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. Theoretical implications Monotypic taxa present several important theoretical challenges in biological classification. One key issue is known as "Gregg's Paradox": if a single species is the only member of multiple hierarchical levels (for example, being the only species in its genus, which is the only genus in its family), then each level needs a distinct definition to maintain logical structure. Otherwise, the different taxonomic ranks become effectively identical, which creates problems for organizing biological diversity in a hierarchical system. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octopodiformes
Octopodiformes is a superorder of the subclass Coleoidea, comprising the octopuses and the vampire squid. All living members of Octopodiformes have eight arms, either lacking the two tentacles of squid (as is the case in octopuses) or modifying the tentacles into thin filaments (as in vampire squid). Octopodiformes is often considered the crown group of octopuses and vampire squids, including all descendants of their common ancestor. Some authors use the term Vampyropoda for the same general category, though others use "Vampyropoda" to refer to the total group (all cephalopods closer to octopods than to true squid). Another term is Octobrachia, referring to cephalopods without prominent tentacles. It is considered one of the two extant groups of the Neocoleoidea. '' Pohlsepia'', originally described as earliest octopod is considered as dubious for this group in later study. ''Syllipsimopodi'', a squid-like cephalopod from the Mississippian-age Bear Gulch Lagerstätte of Monta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vampyronassa Rhodanica
''Vampyronassa rhodanica'' ("vampire fish trap") is an extinction, extinct Vampyromorphida, vampyromorph cephalopod known from around 20 fossils from the Callovian, Lower Callovian (165–164 annum, Ma) of La Voulte-sur-Rhône (lagerstätte), La Voulte-sur-Rhône, Ardèche, France. Morphology ''Vampyronassa'' reached total length about . This taxon differs from the modern vampire squid in having longer first dorsal arms, a larger hyponome, and a more elongated mantle (mollusc), mantle. The original description noted possible Bioluminescence, luminous organs which a restudy could not confirm. It had eight arms with uniserial Sucker (zoology), suckers flanked by cirri, same as modern vampire squid. Retractile filaments that is known from modern vampire squid is not known in ''Vampyronassa''. Like vampire squid, ''Vampyronassa'' lacked an ink sac. Classification ''Vampyronassa'' shares some characters with modern vampire squid ''Vampyroteuthis'', such as lack of ink sac and uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palaeoctopus Newboldi
''Palaeoctopus'' is an extinct genus of octopuses that lived during the Late Cretaceous. It contains one valid species, ''P. newboldi'', which has been found in Lebanon. Taxonomy ''Calais newboldi'' was named by Henry B. Woodward in 1896 for a nearly-complete specimen from the Sahel Alma lagerstätte of Lebanon. However, that genus name was preoccupied by the beetle ''Calais''. Woodward named ''Palaeoctopus'' as a replacement later the same year. Embrik Strand proposed the alternate replacement name ''Calaita'' in 1928. '' Beloteuthis libanotica'' was named by Adolf Naef in 1922 for a supposed teudopsid gladius from Sahel Alma. It was moved to a new genus, ''Parateudopsis'', by Theo Engeser and Joachim Reitner in 1986. The specimen was eventually reidentified as an isolated gladius vestige of ''P. newboldi''. A second species, ''P. pelagicus'', was named by Dirk Fuchs and colleagues in 2008 for an alleged gladius vestige from the Vallecillo lagerstätte of Mexico. It was s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeletzkya Douglassae
''Jeletzkya douglassae'' is a fossil belemnoid from the early Pennsylvanian Mazon Creek lagerstätten and represents the earliest known crown-group squid. Non-mineralized anatomy is preserved and comprises ten hooked tentacles and a radula The radula (; : radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters .... It is too poorly understood for assignment to any particular cephalopod taxon. ''J. douglassae'' is 14 mm long. References Carboniferous cephalopods Cephalopod genera Carboniferous animals of North America {{paleo-cephalopod-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pelagic Zone
The pelagic zone consists of the water column of the open ocean and can be further divided into regions by depth. The word ''pelagic'' is derived . The pelagic zone can be thought of as an imaginary cylinder or water column between the surface of the sea and the bottom. Conditions in the water column change with depth: pressure increases; temperature and light decrease; salinity, oxygen, micronutrients (such as iron, magnesium and calcium) all change. In a manner analogous to stratification in the Earth's atmosphere, the water column can be divided vertically into up to five different layers (illustrated in the diagram), with the number of layers depending on the depth of the water. Marine life is affected by bathymetry (underwater topography) such as the seafloor, shoreline, or a submarine seamount, as well as by proximity to the boundary between the ocean and the atmosphere at the ocean surface, which brings light for photosynthesis, predation from above, and wind sti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vampire Squid
The vampire squid (''Vampyroteuthis infernalis'', lit. 'vampire squid from hell') is a small cephalopod found throughout temperate and tropical oceans in extreme deep sea conditions. The vampire squid uses its bioluminescent organs and its unique oxygen metabolism to thrive in the parts of the ocean with the lowest concentrations of oxygen. It has two long retractile filaments, located between the first two pairs of arms on its dorsal side, which distinguish it from both octopuses and squids, and places it in its own order, Vampyromorphida, although its closest relatives are octopods. As a phylogenetic relict, it is the only known surviving member of its order. The first specimens were collected on the Valdivia Expedition and were originally described as an octopus in 1903 by German teuthologist Carl Chun, but later assigned to a new order together with several extinct taxa. Etymology The genus name ''Vampyroteuthis'' comes from Latin ''vampyrus'', meaning vampire, and Ancien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vampyropoda
Octopodiformes is a superorder of the subclass Coleoidea, comprising the octopuses and the vampire squid. All living members of Octopodiformes have eight arms, either lacking the two tentacles of squid (as is the case in octopuses) or modifying the tentacles into thin filaments (as in vampire squid). Octopodiformes is often considered the crown group of octopuses and vampire squids, including all descendants of their common ancestor. Some authors use the term Vampyropoda for the same general category, though others use "Vampyropoda" to refer to the total group (all cephalopods closer to octopods than to true squid). Another term is Octobrachia, referring to cephalopods without prominent tentacles. It is considered one of the two extant groups of the Neocoleoidea. '' Pohlsepia'', originally described as earliest octopod is considered as dubious for this group in later study. ''Syllipsimopodi'', a squid-like cephalopod from the Mississippian-age Bear Gulch Lagerstätte of Montana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlantic, North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and List of islands of France, many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean, giving it Exclusive economic zone of France, one of the largest discontiguous exclusive economic zones in the world. Metropolitan France shares borders with Belgium and Luxembourg to the north; Germany to the northeast; Switzerland to the east; Italy and Monaco to the southeast; Andorra and Spain to the south; and a maritime border with the United Kingdom to the northwest. Its metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea. Its Regions of France, eighteen integral regions—five of which are overseas—span a combined area of and hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard Riou
Bernard (''Bernhard'') is a French and West Germanic masculine given name. It has West Germanic origin and is also a surname. The name is attested from at least the 9th century. West Germanic ''Bernhard'' is composed from the two elements ''bern'' "bear" and ''hard'' "brave, hardy". Its native Old English cognate was ''Beornheard'', which was replaced or merged with the French form ''Bernard'' that was brought to England after the Norman Conquest. The name ''Bernhard'' was notably popular among Old Frisian speakers. Its wider use was popularized due to Saint Bernhard of Clairvaux (canonized in 1174). In Ireland, the name was an anglicized form of Brian. Geographical distribution Bernard is the second most common surname in France. As of 2014, 42.2% of all known bearers of the surname ''Bernard'' were residents of France (frequency 1:392), 12.5% of the United States (1:7,203), 7.0% of Haiti (1:382), 6.6% of Tanzania (1:1,961), 4.8% of Canada (1:1,896), 3.6% of Nigeria (1:12,221) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
