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Proterochersis
''Proterochersis'' is an extinct genus of turtle from the Late Triassic period (Norian stage) of Europe. It is known from a large number of fossils uncovered in Germany and Poland.Fraas E (1913)"''Proterochersis'', eine pleurodire Schildkröte aus dem Keuper" ''Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg'' 69: p. 13–30Szczygielski T & Sulej T (2016). "Revision of the Triassic European turtles ''Proterochersis'' and ''Murrhardtia'' (Reptilia, Testudinata, Proterochersidae), with the description of new taxa from Poland and Germany". ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'' 177(2): pp. 395–427. Szczygielski1 T, Słowiak J & Dróżdż1 D (2018). "Shell variability in the stem turtles ''Proterochersis'' spp". ''PeerJ'' 6: The genus was named from fossil remains from Germany in 1913 by Fraas, who recognized two species: ''P. robusta'' (type species) and ''P. intermedia''. Since then, Szczygielski and Sulej have found that the differences described by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proterochersidae
Proterochersidae is an extinct family of stem-turtles belonging to the clade Testudinata. List of genera There are four genera: * ''Chinlechelys'' Joyce ''et al.'', 2009 ** '' Chinlechelys tenertesta'' Joyce ''et al.'', 2009 * '' Keuperotesta'' Szczygielski & Sulej, 2016 (junior synonym of ''Proterochersis''?) ** '' Keuperotesta limendorsa'' Szczygielski & Sulej, 2016 * ''Proterochersis ''Proterochersis'' is an extinct genus of turtle from the Late Triassic period (Norian stage) of Europe. It is known from a large number of fossils uncovered in Germany and Poland.Fraas E (1913)"''Proterochersis'', eine pleurodire Schildkröte au ...'' Fraas, 1913 ** ''Proterochersis intermedia'' Fraas, 1913 (synonym of ''P. robusta''?) ** '' Proterochersis porebensis'' Szczygielski & Sulej, 2016 ** '' Proterochersis robusta'' Fraas, 1913 * '' Thaichelys'' Szczygielski ''et al.'', 2025 ** '' Thaichelys ruchae'' (Broin, 1984) References Testudinata Taxa named by Franz Nopcsa von Felső-S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Testudinata
Testudinata is the group of all tetrapods with a true turtle shell. It includes both modern turtles (Testudines) and many of their extinct, shelled relatives (stem-turtles), though excluding ''Odontochelys'' and ''Eorhynchochelys,'' which are placed in the more inclusive Pantestudines''.'' History It was first coined as the group containing turtles by Jacob Theodor Klein in 1760. In 1832-1836, Thomas Bell (zoologist), Thomas Bell wrote a book describing the Testudinata, which summarizes all the world's turtles, living and extinct, illustrated by forty plates by Jane S. Bell, James de Carle Sowerby and Edward Lear. It was first defined in the modern sense by Joyce and colleagues in 2004. While the ancestral condition for the clade is thought to be terrestrial, members of the subclade Mesochelydia, which contains almost all known testudinatans from the Jurassic onwards, are thought to be ancestrally aquatic. Classification The cladogram below follows an analysis by Jérémy A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proganochelys
''Proganochelys'' is a genus of extinct, primitive stem-turtle. ''Proganochelys'' was named by Georg Baur in 1887 as the oldest turtle in existence at the time. The name ''Proganochelys'' comes from the Greek language, Greek word ''ganos'' meaning 'brightness', combined with prefix ''pro'', 'before', and Greek language, Greek base ''chelys'' meaning 'turtle'. ''Proganochelys'' is believed to have been around 1 meter in size and herbivorous in nature. ''Proganochelys'' had been known as the most primitive stem-turtle for over a century, until the novel discovery of ''Odontochelys'' in 2008. ''Odontochelys'' and ''Proganochelys'' share unique primitive features that are not found in ''Casichelydia'', such as tooth-like structures on the pterygoid bone, pterygoid and vomer and a plate-like coracoid. ''Proganochelys quenstedtii'' is the only known species of this genus and is among the oldest known Pantestudines, stem-turtle species with a complete shell discovered to date, known fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Triassic
The Late Triassic is the third and final epoch (geology), epoch of the Triassic geologic time scale, Period in the geologic time scale, spanning the time between annum, Ma and Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Middle Triassic Epoch and followed by the Early Jurassic Epoch. The corresponding series (stratigraphy), series of rock beds is known as the Upper Triassic. The Late Triassic is divided into the Carnian, Norian and Rhaetian Geologic time scale, ages. Many of the first dinosaurs evolved during the Late Triassic, including ''Plateosaurus'', ''Coelophysis'', ''Herrerasaurus'', and ''Eoraptor''. The Triassic–Jurassic extinction event began during this epoch and is one of the five major mass extinction events of the Earth. Etymology The Triassic was named in 1834 by Friedrich August von Namoh, Friedrich von Alberti, after a succession of three distinct rock layers (Greek meaning 'triad') that are widespread in southern Germany: the lower Buntsandstein (colourful ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Reptile Genera
Prehistory, also called pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the first known use of stone tools by hominins million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing having spread to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. It is based on an old conception of history that without written records there could be no history. The most common conception today is that history is based on evidence, however the concept of prehistory hasn't been completely discarded. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Triassic Reptiles Of Europe
Late or LATE may refer to: Everyday usage * Tardy, or late, not being on time * Late (or the late) may refer to a person who is dead Music * ''Late'' (The 77s album), 2000 * Late (Alvin Batiste album), 1993 * Late!, a pseudonym used by Dave Grohl on his ''Pocketwatch'' album * Late (rapper), an underground rapper from Wolverhampton * "Late", a song by Kanye West from ''Late Registration'' Other uses * Late (Tonga), an uninhabited volcanic island southwest of Vavau in the kingdom of Tonga * "Late" (''The Handmaid's Tale''), a television episode * LaTe, Oy Laivateollisuus Ab, a defunct shipbuilding company * Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy, a proposed form of dementia * Local-authority trading enterprise, a New Zealand business law * Local average treatment effect, a concept in econometrics * Late, a synonym for ''cooler'' in stellar classification See also * * * ''Lates'', a genus of fish in the lates perch family * Later (other) Later may refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleobiology Database
The Paleobiology Database (PBDB) is an online resource for information on the distribution and classification of fossil animals, plants, and microorganisms. History The Paleobiology Database originated in the NCEAS-funded Phanerozoic Marine Paleofaunal Database initiative, which operated from August 1998 through August 2000. From 2000 to 2015, PBDB received funding from the National Science Foundation. PBDB also received support form the Australian Research Council. From 2000 to 2010 it was housed at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a cross-disciplinary research center within the University of California, Santa Barbara. It is currently housed at University of Wisconsin-Madison and overseen by an international committee of major data contributors. The Paleobiology Database works closely with the Neotoma Paleoecology Database, which has a similar intellectual history, but has focused on the Quaternary (with an emphasis on the late Pleistocene and Holoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tortoise
Tortoises ( ) are reptiles of the family Testudinidae of the order Testudines (Latin for "tortoise"). Like other turtles, tortoises have a shell to protect from predation and other threats. The shell in tortoises is generally hard, and like other members of the suborder Cryptodira, they retract their necks and heads directly backward into the shell to protect them. Tortoises can vary in size with some species, such as the Galápagos giant tortoise, growing to more than in length, whereas others like the Speckled cape tortoise have shells that measure only long. Several lineages of tortoises have independently evolved very large body sizes in excess of , including the Galapagos giant tortoise and the Aldabra giant tortoise. They are usually diurnal animals with tendencies to be crepuscular depending on the ambient temperatures. They are generally reclusive animals. Tortoises are the longest-living land animals in the world, although the longest-living species of tortois ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snapping Turtle
The Chelydridae is a family of turtles that has seven extinct and two extant genera. The extant genera are the snapping turtles, ''Chelydra'' and ''Macrochelys''. Both are endemic to the Western Hemisphere. The extinct genera are '' Acherontemys'', ''Chelydrops'', '' Chelydropsis'', '' Emarginachelys'', '' Macrocephalochelys'', '' Planiplastron'', and ''Protochelydra''. Fossil history The Chelydridae have a long fossil history, with extinct species reported from North America as well as all over Asia and Europe, far outside their present range. The earliest described chelydrid is '' Emarginachelys cretacea'', known from well-preserved fossils from the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous of Montana. Another well-preserved fossil chelydrid is the Late Paleocene '' Protochelydra zangerli'' from North Dakota. The carapace of ''P. zangerli'' is higher-domed than that of the recent ''Chelydra'', a trait conjectured to be associated with the coexistence of large, turtle-eating c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turtle
Turtles are reptiles of the order (biology), order Testudines, characterized by a special turtle shell, shell developed mainly from their ribs. Modern turtles are divided into two major groups, the Pleurodira (side necked turtles) and Cryptodira (hidden necked turtles), which differ in the way the head retracts. There are 360 living and recently extinct species of turtles, including land-dwelling tortoises and freshwater terrapins. They are found on most continents, some islands and, in the case of sea turtles, much of the ocean. Like other Amniote, amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals) they breathe air and do not lay eggs underwater, although many species live in or around water. Turtle shells are made mostly of bone; the upper part is the domed Turtle shell#Carapace, carapace, while the underside is the flatter plastron or belly-plate. Its outer surface is covered in scale (anatomy), scales made of keratin, the material of hair, horns, and claws. The carapace bones deve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
