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Prolunadu
Prolunadu () was an ancient region located in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, corresponding to parts of the present-day Pithapuram, Kakinada, and Peddapuram taluks within the Kakinada district. It was situated south of Pithapuram and north of the lower Godavari River, encompassing areas to the east of the Eleru River, a tributary of the Godavari. The region is now part of Kakinada district. Prolunadu served as an administrative division of the Eastern Chalukyan kingdom and was established by Vishnuvardhana III in 742 CE. During the Chalukyan era, it was an important administrative unit. It was one of the historical regions of Andhra, alongside other divisions such as Pakanadu, Palnadu, Kammanadu, and Renadu. Prolunadu is mentioned as a vishaya A vishaya (IAST: Viṣaya) was a historical administrative unit of India, generally equivalent to a modern district. Several other terms for units equivalent to a modern district appear in historical inscriptions, including ''āh� ...
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Kakinada District
Kakinada district is a district in the Coastal Andhra Region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. With Kakinada as its administrative headquarters, it was proposed on 26 January 2022 to become one of the resultant twenty six districts in the state after the final notification has been issued on 4 April 2022 by the government of Andhra Pradesh. The district was formed from Kakinada and Peddapuram revenue divisions from East Godavari district. Incidentally, during earlier times, the region comprising towns Pithapuram, Kakinada and Peddapuram were referred as Prolunadu () or Polnaud, which now roughly corresponds to the areas in this district. Etymology This district name derives from its headquarters Kakinada. History The region's administrative structure has undergone several reorganizations since the early 19th century. In 1823, during British rule, the Rajahmundry District was established as part of the Madras Presidency. In 1859, the administrative divisions of Rajahmu ...
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Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh (ISO 15919, ISO: , , AP) is a States and union territories of India, state on the East Coast of India, east coast of southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, seventh-largest state and the List of states and union territories of India by population, tenth-most populous in the country. Telugu language, Telugu is the most widely spoken language in the state, as well as its official language. Amaravati is the state capital, while the largest city is Visakhapatnam. Andhra Pradesh shares borders with Odisha to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the north, Karnataka to the southwest, Tamil Nadu to the south, Telangana to northwest and the Bay of Bengal to the east. It has the Coastline of Andhra Pradesh, third-longest coastline in India at about . Archaeological evidence indicates that Andhra Pradesh has been continuously inhabited for over 247,000 years, from early archaic Hominini, hominins to Neolithic settlements. The earliest r ...
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Pithapuram
Pithapuram (also spelled as Pitapuram) is a Town and municipality in the Kakinada district of Andhra Pradesh, India. With a history spanning over 1,500 years, it is one of the oldest towns in the state. Pitapuram served as the capital for various kingdoms of Andhra, dating back to the 4th century CE, and continues to be an important pilgrimage destination. The town is renowned for the Kukkuteswara Temple complex, which also houses the Puruhutika Devi Temple, one of the eighteen Shakta pithas, Maha Shakti Pithas, considered among the most significant pilgrimage destinations in Shaktism. Pitapuram is also the birthplace of Sripada Sri Vallabha, a prominent 14th-century Hinduism, Hindu saint. The town holds significant historical and religious significance, being mentioned in ancient texts such as the ''Skanda Purana'' and Srinatha, Srinatha's Bhimeswara Puranam, ''Bheemeswara Puranam'' (). Historically, Pitapuram has roots dating back to ancient times as a sovereign Town . It is ...
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Godavari River
The Godavari (, Help:IPA/Sanskrit, [ɡod̪aːʋəɾiː]) is India's second longest river after the Ganges River, Ganga River and drains the third largest Drainage basin, basin in India, covering about 10% of India's total geographical area. Its River source, source is in Trimbakeshwar Range, Trimbakeshwar, Nashik, Maharashtra. It flows east for , draining the states of Maharashtra (48.6%), Telangana (18.8%), Andhra Pradesh (4.5%), Chhattisgarh (10.9%) and Odisha (5.7%). The river ultimately empties into the Bay of Bengal through an extensive network of distributaries. Its drainage basin is one of the largest in the Indian subcontinent, with only the Ganga and Indus rivers having a larger drainage basin. In terms of length, catchment area and discharge, the Godavari is the largest in peninsular India, and had been dubbed as the Dakshina Ganga (Southern Ganges). The river has been revered in Hindu texts, Hindu scriptures for many millennia and continues to harbour and nourish a ...
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Eastern Chalukyas
Eastern Chalukyas, also known as the Chalukyas of Vengi, were a dynasty that ruled parts of South India between the 7th and 12th centuries. They started out as governors of the Chalukyas of Badami in the Deccan region. Subsequently, they became a sovereign power, and ruled the Vengi region of present-day Andhra Pradesh until . They continued ruling the region as feudatories of the Medieval Cholas until 1189 CE. Originally, the capital of the Eastern Chalukyas was located at Pishtapura (modern-day Pitapuram). It was subsequently moved to Vengi (present-day Pedavegi, near Eluru) and then to Rajamahendravaram (now Rajahmundry). Throughout their history, the Eastern Chalukyas were the cause of many wars between the more powerful Cholas and Western Chalukyas over the control of the strategically important Vengi country. The five centuries of the Eastern Chalukya rule of Vengi saw not only the consolidation of this region into a unified whole, but also saw the efflorescence ...
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Osmania University
Osmania University is a collegiate university, collegiate Public university, public State university (India), state university located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Mir Osman Ali Khan, the 7th Nizam of Hyderabad, issued a ''firman'' calling for its creation on 29 August 1917. It is the third oldest university in southern India, and the first to be established in the erstwhile Hyderabad State, Kingdom of Hyderabad. It was the first Indian university to use Urdu language, Urdu as a language of instruction, although with English language, English as a compulsory subject. As of 2012, the university hosts 3,700 international students from more than 80 nations. Osmania is one of the List of largest universities and university networks by enrollment, largest university systems in the world with over 300,000 students on its campuses and affiliated colleges. The Osmania Medical College was once a part of the Osmania University System. However, it is now under the supervision of Kaloji ...
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Pakanadu
Pakanadu is a region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is spread over the districts of Kadapa, Nellore and southern Prakasam. The coastal areas lying between Nellore and Krishna Krishna (; Sanskrit language, Sanskrit: कृष्ण, ) is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the eighth avatar of Vishnu and also as the Supreme God (Hinduism), Supreme God in his own right. He is the god of protection, c ... are also part of this region. References {{Andhra Pradesh Sub regions of Andhra Pradesh Coastal Andhra Geography of Kadapa district Geography of Nellore district ...
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Palnadu
Palnadu is a region located in Palnadu district and covering a portion of Prakasam district in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is spread over the revenue divisions of Gurazala and Narasaraopeta in Palnadu district and Markapur in Prakasam district. History The region is most notable for the Battle of Palnadu that was fought under the leadership of Brahma Naidu and Nagamma and their warriors. In January 2020, the Government of Andhra Pradesh approved making the region a district. Narasaraopet and Gurazala were purported to be the choices for the district headquarters. Geography The region comprises hills and mostly stony areas which has minerals such as limestone and granite. Narasaraopet in Palnadu district Palnadu district is a district in coastal Andhra Region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. With Narasaraopet as its administrative headquarters, it was formed on 4 April 2022 to become one of the resultant twenty-six districts The distric ... is considered as ...
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Kammanadu
Kammanadu (or Kamma-nadu, also Kamma-rashtram) is a historical region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It consisted of parts of the present day Guntur and Prakasam districts. According to historian and geographer K. Iswara Dutt, Kammanadu consisted of the Narasaraopet, Sattenapalle, Bapatla and Ongole taluks, including the villages of the Addanki area. It was bounded by Srisailam in the west, Palnadu and Velanadu in the north, the Gundlakamma River in the south and the Bay of Bengal in the east. The erstwhile Vinukonda taluk and the Chirala taluk are also often included, which are anyway indicated by the boundary at the Gundlakamma River. Etymology According to one theory, Kammanadu derived its name from the Gundlakamma River, which is a prominent river between the Krishna and Penna rivers in coastal Andhra. "Kamma" in this context means a stream or river. According to another theory, Kammanadu was the region between Gundlakamma and ''Pērakamma'' (the "big river", pe ...
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Renadu
Kundu River basin or catchment area is called Renadu i.e., River Kundu flowing area is called as Renadu. This region was ruled by Telugu Chodas of Renadu and Pottapi from late 5th century CE to 11th century CE. Kundu River starts at Uppalapadu Village of Orvakal Mandal in Nandyala District. It flows through Orvakal, Gadivemula, Nandyal, Koilkuntla, Uyyalawada, areas of Nandyal district and Jammalamadugu, Proddatur areas of Kadapa district and merge with Penna River near Kamalapuram, Kadapa District. The heart of Renadu is an area containing the lands of Nossam, Uyyalawada, Koilkuntla, Owk, Jammalamadugu, and Proddatur which now form part of the Nandyal district and Kadapa district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (ISO 15919, ISO: , , AP) is a States and union territories of India, state on the East Coast of India, east coast of southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, seventh-largest state and th .... Ref ...
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Vishaya
A vishaya (IAST: Viṣaya) was a historical administrative unit of India, generally equivalent to a modern district. Several other terms for units equivalent to a modern district appear in historical inscriptions, including ''āhāra'', ''rashtra'' (''rāṣṭra''), ''maṇḍala'', and ''deśa''. The exact meaning of these terms varies by the period, the ruling dynasty, and the region. For example: * In the early medieval inscriptions of Bengal region: ** Paranayi-''vishaya'' is mentioned as a part of the Samatata-''mandala'' ** Gokalika-''mandala'' is mentioned as a part of the Kotivarsha-''vishaya'' ** Khadi-''vishaya'' is another name for Khadi-''mandala'' * Some inscriptions mention units with multiple designations, such as '' Gopa-rashtra-vishaya'' and '' Khetak-ahara-vishaya'' (presumably, the territory called "Gopa" was formerly designated as a ''rashtra'' and then re-designated as a ''vishaya''). * Sometimes, a ''vishaya'' referred to a subdivision larger than a district. ...
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Sub Regions Of Andhra Pradesh
Sub or SUB may refer to: Places * Juanda International Airport, Surabaya, Indonesia, IATA code SUB People * Bottom (BDSM), or "sub" for "submissive" * Substitute teacher Christianity * Sub tuum praesidium, an ancient hymn and prayer dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Computing and technology * , an HTML tag for subscript * SUB designates a subroutine in some programming languages * SUB, substitute character, ASCII character 26 * SUB, subtraction processor command * .sub (other), several file extensions * Subeditor * Subwoofer loudspeaker Typography * Subscript and superscript * Subtitle Entertainment and media * Sub (TV channel) * ''Sub'' (album), a 2000 album by Swiss industrial metal band Apollyon Sun * '' The Sub'', a 2017 American short horror film * ''Subs'' (novel), a 2011 novel by Thor Kunkel Other uses * Seafarers' Union of Burma, or SUB * Submarine sandwich, or hero sandwich * Submarine, a warship with underwater travel capabilities. * Submersible, an ...
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