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Paulet (sounding Rocket)
The Paulet is a Peruvian-made sounding rocket whose purpose is to study atmospheric phenomena. It is named after Pedro Paulet, a Peruvian pioneer of astronautics. History Paulet 1 On December 26, 2006, Paulet 1 was launched from Chilca Launch Range. During its flight, it reached the supersonic speed of Mach 5 and an apogee of , before crashing into the ocean. Technical specifications Paulet 1 has the following specifications: * Length: * Diameter: * Fuel weight: * Total weight: * Payload: * Range: Paulet 1-B Paulet 1 was followed by the launch of the Paulet 1-B sounding rocket on the 39th anniversary of CONIDA's foundation, June 11, 2013. The launcher was developed by scientists from the National Commission for Aerospace Research and Development (CONIDA) and the Peruvian Air Force. The rocket – made entirely of Peru's domestic equipment – entered the stratosphere, travelling just over above Peruvian territory. The successful launch encouraged Institutional He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cohete PAULET 1C
"Cohete" () is a song by Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira and Puerto Rican singer-songwriter Rauw Alejandro. The song was released on 22 March 2024 as a part of Shakira's twelfth studio album, ''Las Mujeres Ya No Lloran''. The song marks the second collaboration of the singers following the album's lead single " Te Felicito", released in 2022. Background and release "Cohete" is an electropop song written by Shakira, Yeti Beats, Caceres and Vibarco, and produced by Shakira, Yeti Beats and Troy Nōka. The song marks the second collaboration between Shakira and Rauw Alejandro after " Te Felicito", with both songs being featured on Shakira's twelfth studio album ''Las Mujeres Ya No Lloran''. Shakira commented on the album's recording process as following: "When writing each song, I rebuilt myself. When I sang them, my tears transformed into diamonds and my vulnerability into resilience." On 22 February 2024 at the 36th Lo Nuestro Awards ceremony, Rauw Alejandro teased that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west, to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country, to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has Demographics of Peru, a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At , Peru is the List of countries and dependencies by area, 19th largest country in the world, and the List of South American countries by area, third largest in South America. Pre-Columbian Peru, Peruvian territory was home to Andean civilizations, several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sounding Rocket
A sounding rocket or rocketsonde, sometimes called a research rocket or a suborbital rocket, is an instrument-carrying rocket designed to take measurements and perform scientific experiments during its sub-orbital flight. The rockets are often used to launch instruments from above the surface of the Earth, the altitude generally between weather balloons and satellites; the maximum altitude for balloons is about and the minimum for satellites is approximately . Due to their suborbital flight profile, sounding rockets are often much simpler than their counterparts built for orbital flight. Certain sounding rockets have an apogee between , such as the Black Brant X and XII, which is the maximum apogee of their class. For certain purposes, sounding rockets may be flown to altitudes as high as to allow observing times of around 40 minutes to provide geophysical observations of the magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and mesosphere. Etymology The origin of the term comes fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Paulet
Pedro Eleodoro Paulet Mostajo (2 July 1874 or 4 July 1875 – 30 January 1945) was a Peruvian diplomat and engineer. Some early rocket experts described him as a pioneer in aeronautics, saying that he was the first person to build a liquid-propellant rocket engine and modern rocket propulsion system, but his experiments were never independently verified. Early life and education Pedro Eleodoro Paulet Mostajo was born on 2 July 1874, to the well-esteemed family of Pedro Paulet and Antonia Mostajo y Quiroz in Tiabaya District, Tiabaya, Arequipa, Peru; his father died three years later. As a child, Paulet was fascinated with flight and combustion. With the steam locomotives traveling through Arequipa, Paulet would try to learn how the large machines were propelled as a child. He was sent to the San Vicente de Paul School by his mother, with the school being founded by the Lazarist French priest Hippolyte Duhamel. After Duhamel gifted Paulet the 1865 French novel ''From the Earth to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chilca Launch Range
Chilca (Punta Lobos) is a rocket launch site in Peru at , near the town of Chilca in the municipality of Pucusana, about 70 km south of the center of Lima. Chilca was in service from 1974 and was mainly used for launching Arcas and Nike sounding rockets A sounding rocket or rocketsonde, sometimes called a research rocket or a suborbital rocket, is an instrument-carrying rocket designed to take measurements and perform scientific experiments during its sub-orbital spaceflight, sub-orbital flight .... The Peruvian Paulet sounding rocket has been launching from here since 2006. In 2015 the ''Centro Nacional de Operaciones de Imágenes Satelitales (CNOIS)'' opened near the site. Launches The Chilca / Punta Lobos launch site is in use since 1974: References Rocket launch sites in Peru Transport buildings and structures in Peru {{Rocket-stub pt:Chilcas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Commission For Aerospace Research And Development
The National Commission for Aerospace Research and Development (CONIDA) () is a national space agency tasked with government space activities in Peru. History CONIDA was founded on 11 June 1974 following Decree Law 20643, designated to be an entity subordinate to then the Ministry of Aeronautics, which was later merged into the Ministry of Defense (Peru), Ministry of Defense. Peru joined the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization on 28 October 2005. Organization Locations Headquarters The headquarters of CONIDA is located in San Isidro (Lima, Peru), San Isidro, Lima, Peru, one of the most affluent areas of Lima. CONIDA's headquarters serves as the main facility of the agency and features many meeting and operations rooms, a library, an audiovisual center and cafeteria. Punta Lobos The Chilca Launch Range, Punto Lobos site is located in Pucusana District, Pucusana, Lima Province. The site is primarily used for research purposes, including rocket technology and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peruvian Air Force
The Peruvian Air Force (, FAP) is the branch of the Peruvian Military of Peru, Armed Forces tasked with defending the nation and its interests through the use of aerial warfare, air power. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security, conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations. History 20th century On 20 May 1929, the aviation divisions of the Peruvian Army and Peruvian Navy, Navy were merged into the (Peruvian Aviation Corps, abbreviated CAP). During the Colombia-Peru War of 1933, its Vought O2U Corsair and Curtiss F11C Goshawk, Curtiss F11C Hawk planes fought in the Amazon Basin, Amazon region. The CAP lost three aircraft to the Colombian Air Force. The corps was renamed (Peruvian Aeronautical Corps, also abbreviated CAP) on 12 March 1936. Ecuadorian–Peruvian War In 1941, the CAP participated in the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War. At that time, the CAP were equipped with Caproni Ca.114 and Nor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stratosphere
The stratosphere () is the second-lowest layer of the atmosphere of Earth, located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. The stratosphere is composed of stratified temperature zones, with the warmer layers of air located higher (closer to outer space) and the cooler layers lower (closer to the planetary surface of the Earth). The increase of temperature with altitude is a result of the absorption of the Sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation by the ozone layer, where ozone is exothermically photolyzed into oxygen in a cyclical fashion. This temperature inversion is in contrast to the troposphere, where temperature decreases with altitude, and between the troposphere and stratosphere is the tropopause border that demarcates the beginning of the temperature inversion. Near the equator, the lower edge of the stratosphere is as high as , at mid-latitudes around , and at the poles about . Temperatures range from an average of near the tropopause to an average of ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peru21
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country, with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west, to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country, to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At , Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America. Peruvian territory was home to several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 10th millennium BCE Caral–Supe civilization, the earliest civilization in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solid-propellant Rocket
A solid-propellant rocket or solid rocket is a rocket with a rocket engine that uses solid propellants (fuel/ oxidizer). The earliest rockets were solid-fuel rockets powered by gunpowder. The inception of gunpowder rockets in warfare can be credited to the ancient Chinese, and in the 13th century, the Mongols played a pivotal role in facilitating their westward adoption. All rockets used some form of solid or powdered propellant until the 20th century, when liquid-propellant rockets offered more efficient and controllable alternatives. Because of their simplicity and reliability, solid rockets are still used today in military armaments worldwide, model rockets, solid rocket boosters and on larger applications. Since solid-fuel rockets can remain in storage for an extended period without much propellant degradation, and since they almost always launch reliably, they have been frequently used in military applications such as missiles. The lower performance of solid propellant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empennage
The empennage ( or ), also known as the tail or tail assembly, is a structure at the rear of an aircraft that provides stability during flight, in a way similar to the feathers on an arrow.Crane, Dale: ''Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, third edition'', p. 194. Aviation Supplies & Academics, 1997. Aviation Publishers Co. Limited, ''From the Ground Up'', p. 10 (27th revised edition) The term derives from the French language verb which means " to feather an arrow". Most aircraft feature an empennage incorporating vertical and horizontal stabilising surfaces which stabilise the flight dynamics of yaw and pitch, as well as housing control surfaces. In spite of effective control surfaces, many early aircraft that lacked a stabilising empennage were virtually unflyable. Even so-called "tailless aircraft" usually have a tail fin (usually a vertical stabiliser). Heavier-than-air aircraft without any kind of empennage (such as the Northrop B-2) are rare, and generally use specially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rocket Propulsion
A rocket (from , and so named for its shape) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to Acceleration, accelerate without using any surrounding Atmosphere of Earth, air. A rocket engine produces thrust by Reaction (physics), reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely from rocket propellant, propellant carried within the vehicle; therefore a rocket can fly in the vacuum of space. Rockets work more efficiently in a vacuum and incur a loss of thrust due to the opposing pressure of the atmosphere. Multistage rockets are capable of attaining escape velocity from Earth and therefore can achieve unlimited maximum altitude. Compared with Airbreathing jet engine, airbreathing engines, rockets are lightweight and powerful and capable of generating large accelerations. To control their flight, rockets rely on momentum, airfoils, Reaction control system, auxiliary reaction engines, gimballed thrust, Reaction wheel, momentum wheels, Thrust vectoring, deflection of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
