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Opopanax (genus)
''Opopanax'' is a genus of plants in the family Apiaceae. Species Opopanax include four species: *''Opopanax chironium'' (L.) W.D.J.Koch *'' Opopanax hispidus'' (Friv.) Griseb. *'' Opopanax persicus'' Boiss. *'' Opopanax siifolius'' (Boiss. & Heldr.) Menemen Etymology The genus name ''Opopanax'' derives from Anglo-Norman ''opopanac'', from Latin opopanax, from Hellenistic Greek ὀποπάναξ, from Ancient Greek ὀπός (''opos'', "juice") + πάναξ (''panax'', "all-healing"). (subscription required) Therefore, ''opopanax'' literally means the juice ( gum resin) of all-heal. There were many different plants called all-heal (πάνακες or '' panaces'') in Ancient Greece and Rome. However, according to Dioscorides, ''opopanax'' was obtained specifically from a kind of all-heal named πάνακες Ἡράκλειον (''panaces Heraclion'', "Hercules' all-heal"), which has been identified as ''Opopanax chironium'', '' O. persicus'' and '' O. hispidus'' The term '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opopanax Chironium
''Opopanax chironium'', common name Hercules' all-heal, is a herb of the family Apiaceae. Subspecies *''Opopanax chironium'' subsp. ''chironium'' *''Opopanax chironium'' subsp. ''bulgaricum'' (Vel.) N.Andreev Description ''Opopanax chironium'' grows high. This perennial herb has a branching stem, thick and rough close to the base. Leaves are serrate, pinnate, with long petioles. It produces a large, flat, yellow inflorescence at the top of the branches. Uses A gum resin (mostly gum) known as opopanax can be extracted from this plant by cutting at the base of a stem and sun-drying the juice that flows out. It has a strong unpleasant odor, unlike the perfumery's opopanax which is aromatic. The resin has been used in the treatment of spasms, and, before that, as an emmenagogue, in the treatment of asthma, chronic visceral infections, hysteria and hypochondria. Opopanax resin is most frequently sold in dried irregular pieces, though tear-shaped gems are not uncommon. Distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch
Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch (5 March 1771 – 14 November 1849) was a German physician and botanist from Kusel, a town in the Rhineland-Palatinate. Koch studied medicine at the Universities of Jena and Marburg, and afterwards was a '' Stadtphysicus'' (state physician) in Trarbach and Kaiserslautern (1798). In 1824 he became a professor of medicine and botany at the University of Erlangen, where he stayed for the remainder of his life. At Erlangen, he was also director of the botanical gardens. In 1833, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Among his better written efforts was a synopsis on German and Swiss flora titled ''Synopsis florae germanicae et helveticae'' (1835–37). Another noteworthy publication of his was ''Catalogus plantarum, quae in ditione Florae Palatinatus'' (Catalog of Palatinate flora) (1814). He died in Erlangen. He has been honoured in the naming of 2 plant genera; '' Eokochia'' (from the family Amaranthaceae), and '' Ko ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opopanax Hispidus
Opopanax ("the juice of all-heal") can refer to: Plants * ''Opopanax (genus), Opopanax'', a genus in the family Apiaceae * ''Vachellia farnesiana'', a species in the family Fabaceae Gum resins * Perfumery's opopanax, the oleo-gum-resin of ''Commiphora guidottii'' ** The oleo-gum-resin of ''Commiphora kataf'' (syn. ''C. holtziana'', ''C. erythraea''), sometimes sold under the name of opoponax * True opopanax, the gum resin of ''Opopanax chironium'' or other ''Opopanax'' species Literature * ''L'Opoponax'', the 1964 novel in French by Monique Wittig {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opopanax Persicus
Opopanax ("the juice of all-heal") can refer to: Plants * '' Opopanax'', a genus in the family Apiaceae * ''Vachellia farnesiana'', a species in the family Fabaceae Gum resins * Perfumery's opopanax, the oleo-gum-resin of ''Commiphora guidottii'' ** The oleo-gum-resin of '' Commiphora kataf'' (syn. ''C. holtziana'', ''C. erythraea''), sometimes sold under the name of opoponax * True opopanax ''Opopanax'' is a genus of plants in the family Apiaceae. Species Opopanax include four species: *''Opopanax chironium'' (L.) W.D.J.Koch *''Opopanax hispidus'' (Friv.) Griseb. *'' Opopanax persicus'' Boiss. *'' Opopanax siifolius'' (Boiss. & ..., the gum resin of ''Opopanax chironium'' or other ''Opopanax'' species Literature * '' L'Opoponax'', the 1964 novel in French by Monique Wittig {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opopanax Siifolius
Opopanax ("the juice of all-heal") can refer to: Plants * '' Opopanax'', a genus in the family Apiaceae * ''Vachellia farnesiana'', a species in the family Fabaceae Gum resins * Perfumery's opopanax, the oleo-gum-resin of ''Commiphora guidottii'' ** The oleo-gum-resin of '' Commiphora kataf'' (syn. ''C. holtziana'', ''C. erythraea''), sometimes sold under the name of opoponax * True opopanax ''Opopanax'' is a genus of plants in the family Apiaceae. Species Opopanax include four species: *''Opopanax chironium'' (L.) W.D.J.Koch *''Opopanax hispidus'' (Friv.) Griseb. *'' Opopanax persicus'' Boiss. *'' Opopanax siifolius'' (Boiss. & ..., the gum resin of ''Opopanax chironium'' or other ''Opopanax'' species Literature * '' L'Opoponax'', the 1964 novel in French by Monique Wittig {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oxford English Dictionary
The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (''OED'') is the first and foundational historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP). It traces the historical development of the English language, providing a comprehensive resource to scholars and academic researchers, as well as describing usage in its many variations throughout the world. Work began on the dictionary in 1857, but it was only in 1884 that it began to be published in unbound fascicles as work continued on the project, under the name of ''A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles; Founded Mainly on the Materials Collected by The Philological Society''. In 1895, the title ''The Oxford English Dictionary'' was first used unofficially on the covers of the series, and in 1928 the full dictionary was republished in 10 bound volumes. In 1933, the title ''The Oxford English Dictionary'' fully replaced the former name in all occurrences in its reprinting as 12 volumes with a one- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gum (botany)
Gum is a sap or other resinous material associated with certain species of the plant kingdom. This material is often polysaccharide-based and is most frequently associated with woody plants, particularly under the bark or as a seed coating. The polysaccharide material is typically of high molecular weight and most often highly hydrophilic or hydrocolloidal. As seed coating Many gums occur as seed coatings for plant species; the adaptive purpose of some of these gummy coatings is to delay germination of certain flora seeds. An example of such a gummy coating occurs in the case of Western poison oak, a widespread shrub in western North America. See also * Cambium * Gummosis * Latex * Natural gum Natural gums are polysaccharides of natural origin, capable of causing a large increase in a solution's viscosity, even at small concentrations. They are mostly botanical gums, found in the woody elements of plants or in seed coatings. Human ... Line notes * Plant physiolo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Resin
In polymer chemistry and materials science, resin is a solid or highly viscous substance of plant or synthetic origin that is typically convertible into polymers. Resins are usually mixtures of organic compounds. This article focuses on naturally occurring resins. Plants secrete resins for their protective benefits in response to injury. The resin protects the plant from insects and pathogens. Resins confound a wide range of herbivores, insects, and pathogens, while the volatile phenolic compounds may attract benefactors such as parasitoids or predators of the herbivores that attack the plant. Composition Most plant resins are composed of terpenes. Specific components are alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, delta-3 carene, and sabinene, the monocyclic terpenes limonene and terpinolene, and smaller amounts of the tricyclic sesquiterpenes, longifolene, caryophyllene, and delta-cadinene. Some resins also contain a high proportion of resin acids. Rosins on the other hand are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panaces
A panacea , named after the Greek goddess of universal remedy Panacea, is any supposed remedy that is claimed (for example) to cure all diseases and prolong life indefinitely. It was in the past sought by alchemists in connection with the elixir of life and the philosopher's stone, a mythical substance that would enable the transmutation of common metals into gold. Through the 18th and 19th centuries, many "patent medicines" were claimed to be panaceas, and they became very big business. The term "panacea" is used in a negative way to describe the overuse of any one solution to solve many different problems, especially in medicine. The word has acquired connotations of snake oil and quackery. A panacea (or ''panaceum'') is also a literary term to represent any solution to solve all problems related to a particular issue. Mythology In Greek mythology, Panacea was one of the daughters of the Greek god of medicine Asclepius, along with her four sisters, each of whom performed one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece ( el, Ἑλλάς, Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of Classical Antiquity, classical antiquity ( AD 600), that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related polis, city-states and other territories. Most of these regions were officially unified only once, for 13 years, under Alexander the Great's Macedonian empire, empire from 336 to 323 BC (though this excludes a number of Greek city-states free from Alexander's jurisdiction in the western Mediterranean, around the Black Sea, Cyprus, and Cyrenaica). In Western history, the era of classical antiquity was immediately followed by the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine period. Roughly three centuries after the Late Bronze Age collapse of Mycenaean Greece, Greek urban poleis began to form in the 8th century BC, ushering in the Archaic Greece, Archaic period and Greek colonis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Rome
In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), Roman Republic (509–27 BC) and Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD) until the fall of the western empire. Ancient Rome began as an Italic settlement, traditionally dated to 753 BC, beside the River Tiber in the Italian Peninsula. The settlement grew into the city and polity of Rome, and came to control its neighbours through a combination of treaties and military strength. It eventually dominated the Italian Peninsula, assimilated the Greek culture of southern Italy (Magna Grecia) and the Etruscan culture and acquired an Empire that took in much of Europe and the lands and peoples surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. It was among the largest empires in the ancient world, with an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants, roughly 20% of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedanius Dioscorides
Pedanius Dioscorides ( grc-gre, Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, ; 40–90 AD), “the father of pharmacognosy”, was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of '' De materia medica'' (, On Medical Material) —a 5-volume Greek encyclopedia about herbal medicine and related medicinal substances (a pharmacopeia), that was widely read for more than 1,500 years. For almost two millennia Dioscorides was regarded as the most prominent writer on plants and plant drugs. Life A native of Anazarbus, Cilicia, Asia Minor, Dioscorides likely studied medicine nearby at the school in Tarsus, which had a pharmacological emphasis, and he dedicated his medical books to Laecanius Arius, a medical practitioner there. Though he writes he lived a "soldier's life" or "soldier-like life", his pharmacopeia refers almost solely to plants found in the Greek-speaking eastern Mediterranean, making it likely that he served in campaigns, or travelled in a civilian capacity, less w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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