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Osaka Dojima Exchange
Summary Osaka Dojima Exchange, Inc. (ODEX) is a Japanese corporation that operates a listed derivatives exchange that follows the tradition of the Osaka Dojima Rice Exchange of the Edo period. Formerly "Mutually Owned Commodity Exchange"under thCommodity Futures Act the company was reorganized as a joint stock company on April 1, 2021, and became aStock Company Operated Commodity Exchange" under the same law. The Osaka Grain Exchange (the parent of this exchange) was established in Awaza, Nishi-ku, Osaka City, in the tradition of the former Osaka Dojima Rice Exchange, led by Osaka merchants of rice, miscellaneous grains, etc. Osaka's Dojima Exchange takes pride in being the birthplace of futures trading. As of August 1, 2005, it was organized by 68 members in the agricultural products market, 52 in the agricultural products and feed index market, 46 in the marine products market, 36 in the sugar market, and 18 in the cocoon yarn market. Members included both general member ...
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Public Company
A public company is a company whose ownership is organized via shares of stock which are intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange or in over-the-counter markets. A public (publicly traded) company can be listed on a stock exchange ( listed company), which facilitates the trade of shares, or not ( unlisted public company). In some jurisdictions, public companies over a certain size must be listed on an exchange. In most cases, public companies are ''private'' enterprises in the ''private'' sector, and "public" emphasizes their reporting and trading on the public markets. Public companies are formed within the legal systems of particular states, and therefore have associations and formal designations which are distinct and separate in the polity in which they reside. In the United States, for example, a public company is usually a type of corporation (though a corporation need not be a public company), in the United Kingdom it is usually a public limited company (plc), ...
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Azuki Bean
''Vigna angularis'', also known as the adzuki bean , azuki bean, aduki bean, red bean, or red mung bean, is an annual vine widely cultivated throughout East Asia for its small (approximately long) bean. The cultivars most familiar in East Asia have a uniform red color, but there are also white, black, gray, and variously mottled varieties. Scientists presume ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''nipponensis'' is the progenitor. Origin and diversity Speciation and domestication The wild ancestor of cultivated adzuki bean is probably ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''nipponensis'', which is distributed across Japan, Korea, China, Nepal and Bhutan. Speciation between ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''nipponensis'' and ''Vigna angularis'' var. ''angularis'' occurred around years ago. Archaeologists estimate it was domesticated around 3000 BC. However, adzuki beans (as well as soybeans) dating from 3000 BC to 2000 BC are indicated to still be largely within the wild size range. Enlarged seeds occur ...
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Kabushiki Gaisha
A or ''kabushiki kaisha'', commonly abbreviated K.K. or KK, is a type of defined under the Companies Act of Japan. The term is often translated as "stock company", "joint-stock company" or "stock corporation". The term ''kabushiki gaisha'' in Japan refers to any joint-stock company regardless of country of origin or incorporation; however, outside Japan the term refers specifically to joint-stock companies incorporated in Japan. Usage in language In Latin script, ''kabushiki kaisha'', with a , is often used, but the original Japanese pronunciation is ''kabushiki gaisha'', with a , owing to rendaku. A ''kabushiki gaisha'' must include "" in its name (Article 6, paragraph 2 of the Companies Act). In a company name, "" can be used as a prefix (e.g. , '' kabushiki gaisha Dentsū'', a style called , ''mae-kabu'') or as a suffix (e.g. , '' Toyota Jidōsha kabushiki gaisha'', a style called , ''ato-kabu''). Many Japanese companies translate the phrase "" in their name as "Company ...
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Demutualization
Demutualization is the process by which a customer-owned mutual organization (''mutual'') or co-operative changes legal form to a joint stock company. It is sometimes called stocking or privatization. As part of the demutualization process, members of a mutual usually receive a "windfall" payout, in the form of shares in the successor company, a cash payment, or a mixture of both. Mutualization or mutualisation is the opposite process, wherein a shareholder-owned company is converted into a mutual organization, typically through takeover by an existing mutual organization. Furthermore, re-mutualization depicts the process of aligning or refreshing the interest and objectives of the members of the mutual society. The mutual traditionally raises capital from its customer members in order to provide services to them (for example building societies, where members' savings enable the provision of mortgages to members). It redistributes some profits to its members. By contrast, ...
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Futures Exchange
A futures exchange or futures market is a central financial exchange where people can trade standardized futures contracts defined by the exchange. Futures contracts are derivatives contracts to buy or sell specific quantities of a commodity or financial instrument at a specified price with delivery set at a specified time in the future. Futures exchanges provide physical or electronic trading venues, details of standardized contracts, market and price data, clearing houses, exchange self-regulations, margin mechanisms, settlement procedures, delivery times, delivery procedures and other services to foster trading in futures contracts. Futures exchanges can be organized as non-profit member-owned organizations or as for-profit organizations. Futures exchanges can be integrated under the same brand name or organization with other types of exchanges, such as stock markets, options markets, and bond markets. Non-profit member-owned futures exchanges benefit their members, who earn ...
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Kabushiki-gaisha
A or ''kabushiki kaisha'', commonly abbreviated K.K. or KK, is a type of defined under the Companies Act of Japan. The term is often translated as "stock company", "joint-stock company" or "stock corporation". The term ''kabushiki gaisha'' in Japan refers to any joint-stock company regardless of country of origin or incorporation; however, outside Japan the term refers specifically to joint-stock companies incorporated in Japan. Usage in language In Latin script, ''kabushiki kaisha'', with a , is often used, but the original Japanese pronunciation is ''kabushiki gaisha'', with a , owing to rendaku. A ''kabushiki gaisha'' must include "" in its name (Article 6, paragraph 2 of the Companies Act). In a company name, "" can be used as a prefix (e.g. , '' kabushiki gaisha Dentsū'', a style called , ''mae-kabu'') or as a suffix (e.g. , '' Toyota Jidōsha kabushiki gaisha'', a style called , ''ato-kabu''). Many Japanese companies translate the phrase "" in their name as "Company, ...
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Integrated Resort
An integrated resort (IR) is a major resort property that includes a hotel with a casino, together with convention facilities, entertainment shows, theme parks, luxury retail and fine dining. The term is largely Singaporean. Earlier IR licenses were awarded to Marina Bay Sands and Resorts World Sentosa, which both began operations in early 2010, and were by 2013 the most profitable casinos in the world. Since then, the term has been adopted by the hospitality industry for global use. History In 1923, gambling was briefly legalized in the then-British colony of Singapore, but the experiment led to gambling addiction and increased crime, and gambling was criminalised again within three years. In the following decades, the operation of legal gambling in Singapore was limited to the government-run Singapore Pools for lotteries, and Singapore Turf Club for horse racing. However, during a parliament session on 18 April 2005, Lee Hsien Loong, the prime minister of Singapore, ann ...
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Yumeshima
is an artificial island. It is part of Konohana-ku (此花区), one of the 24 wards of Osaka, Japan. It is near the mouth of the Yodo River. When all the landfill is completed the total area will be . It will be the site of Expo 2025, a World's Fair to be held in 2025. Overview It is located southwest of the island of Maishima, in the westernmost end of Osaka City. It is one of the 3 artificial island areas targeted by the “Technoport Osaka” plan formulated in 1988 with the aim of developing a new city center. There are two high-standard container terminals with a depth of 15 meters in the south of Yumeshima, but most of the area is unoccupied. The southern end of Yumeshima is positioned as a logistics center. In April 2014, Governor Ichirō Matsui of Osaka Prefecture announced that it would promote Yumeshima as a candidate site for an integrated resort (IR) with a casino. Additionally, Osaka made its official bid for the 2025 World Expo on April 24, 2017. Yumeshi ...
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Ministry Of Economy, Trade And Industry
The or METI, is a ministry of the Government of Japan. It was created by the 2001 Central Government Reform when the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) merged with agencies from other ministries related to economic activities, such as the Economic Planning Agency. METI has jurisdiction over a broad policy area, containing Japan's industrial/trade policies, energy security, control of arms exports, "Cool Japan", etc. The Ministry has its headquarters in Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo. Its current head is Yasutoshi Nishimura, who was appointed minister by Prime Minister Fumio Kishida in August 2022. Overview The mission stipulated in Article 3 of the Act for the Establishment of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Act No. 99 of 1999) is to "enhance the economic vitality of the private sector and develop economic and industrial development centered on the smooth development of foreign economic relations, as well as the stable and efficient deve ...
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Financial Instruments And Exchange Act
The , promulgated on June 14, 2006, is the main statute codifying securities law and regulating securities companies in Japan. The law provides for: * Registration and regulation of broker dealers and their registered representatives * Disclosure obligations applicable to public companies, investment trusts and similar entities * Tender offer rules * Disclosure obligations applicable to large shareholders in public companies * Internal controls in public companies; in this role the law is often referred to as J-SOX, a reference to the American Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). Summary The Act for the Amendment of the Securities and Exchange Act, etc. was passed at the 164th session of the Diet, reforming the 1946 Securities and Exchange Act, and updating the act's name to Financial Instruments and Exchange Act (FIEA). This law also abolished the Financial Futures Trading Act () and three other laws, incorporating their regulations into the FIEA. The law had three major aims: to enco ...
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Japan Securities Clearing Corporation
Japan Securities Clearing Corporation (JSCC) is a clearing house and financial services company that clears transactions for the Japanese securities market and commodity market controlled by the Japan Exchange Group, of which it is a subsidiary. JSCC was founded in 2002 and provides services to security or commodity holders, brokers, or dealers. JSCC was founded in 2002 by five Japanese exchanges ( Tokyo Stock Exchange, Osaka Securities Exchange (now Osaka Exchange , renamed from , is the largest derivatives exchange in Japan, in terms of amount of business handled. , the Osaka Securities Exchange had 477 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of $212 billion. The Nikkei 225 Futures, intro ...), Nagoya Stock Exchange, , Fukuoka Stock Exchange) and the , and commenced operations in January 2003. It merged with Japan Commodity Clearing House Co., Ltd. (JCCH) owned by Tokyo Commodity Exchange on July 27, 2020. In association with the merger with JCCH, JSC ...
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