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Opechancanough
Opechancanough ( ; – ) was a sachem (or paramount chief) of the Powhatan Confederacy in present-day Virginia from 1618 until his death. He had been a leader in the confederacy formed by his older brother Powhatan, from whom he inherited the paramountcy. Opechancanough led the Powhatan in the second and third Anglo-Powhatan Wars, including the Indian massacre of 1622. In 1646, the aged Opechancanough was captured by English colonists and taken to Jamestown, where he was killed by a settler assigned to guard him. Name The name Opechancanough meant "He whose Soul is White" in the Algonquian Powhatan language. It was likely derived from a Powhatan original phonemically spelled as /a·pečehčakeno·w/ < ''a·pe'' "white" + ''čehčak'' "soul" + -''en'' "inanimate verb ending" + ''-o·w'' "3rd person transitive inanimate subject". This would have the reconstructed pronunciation or perhaps with [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Necotowance
Necotowance (Unknown birth year – died before 1655) was Werowance (chief) of the Pamunkey Native American tribes in Virginia, tribe and Paramount Chief of the Powhatan Confederacy after Opechancanough, from 1646 until his death sometime before 1655. Necotowance signed a treaty with the Colony of Virginia in 1646, at which time he was addressed by the English as "King of the Indians." After his death he was succeeded by Totopotomoi as Weroance of the Pamunkey. Necotowance was, however, the last Paramount Chief of the Powhatan confederacy. Totopotomoi's wife, Cockacoeske, who became Weroansqua after Totopotomoi's death, briefly reunited some of the tribes. Background In February 1644 Opechancanough, then Paramount Chief of the Powhatan Confederacy (Tsenacommacah), made a final attempt to drive English colonists from Virginia. This was the beginning of a -year period of conflict between English colonists and the Indians of Virginia, known as the Third Anglo-Powhatan War. By 1646 O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Powhatan
Powhatan people () are Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands who belong to member tribes of the Powhatan Confederacy, or Tsenacommacah. They are Algonquian peoples whose historic territories were in eastern Virginia. Their Powhatan language is an Eastern Algonquian language, also known as Virginia Algonquian. In 1607, an estimated 14,000 to 21,000 Powhatan people lived in eastern Virginia when English colonists established Jamestown. The term ''Powhatan'' is also a title among the Powhatan people. English colonial historians often used this meaning of the term.Sandra F. Waugaman and Danielle Moretti-Langholtz. ''We're Still Here: Contemporary Virginia Indians Tell Their Stories''. Richmond: Palari Publishing, 2006 (revised edition). In the late 16th and early 17th centuries, a ''mamanatowick'' (paramount chief) named Wahunsenacawh forged a Paramount Chiefdom consisting of 30 tributary tribes through inheritance, marriage and war, whose territory included m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Massacre Of 1622
The Indian massacre of 1622 took place in the English Colony of Virginia on March 22, 1621/22 ( O.S./N.S.). The English explorer John Smith, though he was not an eyewitness, wrote in his ''History of Virginia'' that warriors of the Powhatan "came unarmed into our houses with deer, turkeys, fish, fruits, and other provisions to sell us." They then grabbed any tools or weapons available and killed all of the English settlers they found, including men, women, and children of all ages. Opechancanough, paramount chief of the Powhatan Confederacy, led a series of co-ordinated surprise attacks that ended up killing a total of 347 people, a quarter of the population of the Colony of Virginia. Founded in 1607, Jamestown, Virginia, was the site of the first successful English settlement in North America and served as the capital of the Colony of Virginia. The town's tobacco economy, which quickly degraded the land and required new land, led to the settlers' constant expansion of habita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anglo-Powhatan Wars
The AngloPowhatan Wars were three wars fought between settlers of the Colony of Virginia and the Powhatan People of Tsenacommacah in the early 17th century. The first war started in 1609 and ended in a peace settlement in 1614. The second war lasted from 1622 to 1632. The third war lasted from 1644 until 1646 and ended when Opechancanough was captured and killed. That war resulted in a defined boundary between the Native Americans and colonial lands that could only be crossed for official business with a special pass. This situation lasted until 1677 and the Treaty of Middle Plantation which established Indian reservations following Bacon's Rebellion. Early conflict The settlement at Jamestown, Virginia, was established in May 1607 within the territory of the Powhatan, who were led by Chief Wahunsunacawh, known to the colonists as Chief Powhatan. The area was quite swampy and ill-suited to farming, and Powhatan wanted Captain John Smith and the colonists to forsake the swamp a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colony Of Virginia
The Colony of Virginia was a British Empire, British colonial settlement in North America from 1606 to 1776. The first effort to create an English settlement in the area was chartered in 1584 and established in 1585; the resulting Roanoke Colony lasted for three attempts totaling six years. In 1590, the colony was abandoned. But nearly 20 years later, the colony was re-settled at Jamestown, Virginia, Jamestown, not far north of the original site. A second charter was issued in 1606 and settled in 1607, becoming the first enduring English colonial empire, English colony in North America. It followed failed attempts at settlement on Newfoundland (island), Newfoundland by Sir Humphrey GilbertGilbert (Saunders Family), Sir Humphrey" (history), ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography'' Online, University of Toronto, May 2, 2005 in 1583 and the Roanoke Colony (in modern eastern North Carolina) by Sir Walter Raleigh in the late 1580s. The founder of the Jamestown colony was the Virginia Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsenacommacah
Tsenacommacah (pronounced in English; also written Tscenocomoco, Tsenacomoco, Tenakomakah, Attanoughkomouck, and Attan-Akamik) is the name given by the Powhatan people to their native homeland, the area encompassing all of Tidewater Virginia and parts of the Eastern Shore. More precisely, its boundaries spanned by from near the south side of the mouth of the James River all the way north to the south end of the Potomac River and from the Eastern Shore west to about the Fall Line of the rivers.Rountree, Helen C. and E. Randolph Turner III. Before and After Jamestown: Virginia's Powhatans and Their Predecessors. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2002. The term ''Tsenacommacah'' comes from the Powhatan language, and means “densely inhabited land.” History Origins and contact The Powhatan were part of a powerful political network of Virginia Indian tribes known as the Powhatan Confederacy. Members spoke the Powhatan language. The paramount chief of the Powhat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Smith (explorer)
John Smith ( – 21 June 1631) was an English soldier, explorer, colonial governor, admiral of New England, and author. He was knighted for his services to Sigismund Báthory, Prince of Transylvania, and his friend Mózes Székely. Following his return to England from a life as a soldier of fortune and as a slave, he played an important role in the establishment of the colony at Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English colonial empire, English settlement in North America, in the early 17th century. He was a leader of the Virginia Colony between September 1608 and August 1609, and he led an exploration along the rivers of Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay, during which he became the first English explorer to map the Chesapeake Bay area. Later, he explored and mapped the coast of New England. Jamestown was established on May 14, 1607. Smith trained the first settlers to work at farming and fishing, thus saving the colony from early devastation. He publicly stated, "He who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virginia Indian
The Native American tribes in Virginia are the Indigenous peoples whose tribal nations historically or currently are based in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States of America. Native peoples lived throughout Virginia for at least 12,000 years. At contact, most tribes in what is now Virginia spoke languages from three major language families: Algonquian along the coast and Tidewater region, Siouan in the Piedmont region above the Fall Line, and Iroquoian in the interior, particularly the mountains. About 30 Algonquian tribes were allied in the powerful Powhatan paramount chiefdom along the coast. During English colonization and the formation of the United States, most Virginia tribes had lost their lands and their populations declined due to introduced diseases and warfare. Assimilationist policies also contributed to Indigenous erasure. Surviving local tribes reorganized their governments in the late 20th century. Today Virginia has seven federally recognized tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jamestown, Virginia
The Jamestown settlement in the Colony of Virginia was the first permanent British colonization of the Americas, English settlement in the Americas. It was located on the northeast bank of the James River, about southwest of present-day Williamsburg, Virginia, Williamsburg. It was established by the London Company as "James Fort" on May 4, 1607 Old Style and New Style dates, O.S. (May 14, 1607 Old Style and New Style dates, N.S.), and considered permanent, after brief abandonment in 1610. It followed failed attempts, including the Roanoke Colony, established in 1585. Despite the dispatch of more supplies, only 60 of the original 214 settlers survived the 1609–1610 Starving Time. In mid-1610, the survivors abandoned Jamestown, though they returned after meeting a resupply convoy in the James River. Jamestown served as the colonial capital from 1616 until 1699. In August 1619, the first recorded slaves from Africa to British North America arrived at present-day Old Point Comfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tidewater Region Of Virginia
Tidewater is a region in the Atlantic Plains of the United States located east of the Atlantic Seaboard fall line (the natural border where the tidewater meets with the Piedmont region) and north of the Deep South. The term "tidewater" can be applied to any region where water levels are affected by the tide. Still, culturally and historically, the Tidewater region refers most commonly to the low-lying plains of southeastern Virginia (known as the coastal plain or Tidewater Virginia), eastern Maryland, the Eastern Shore, and the Chesapeake Bay. It can also encompass Delaware, the remainder of the Delmarva Peninsula, and Northeastern North Carolina. The cultural Tidewater region got its name from the effects of changing ocean tides on local rivers, sounds, and shorelines. The area has a centuries-old cultural heritage that sets itself apart from the adjacent inland parts of the United States, especially concerning its distinctive dialects of English, which are gradually disapp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Powhatan (Native American Leader)
Powhatan (), whose proper name was Wahunsenacawh (alternately spelled Wahunsenacah, Wahunsunacock, or Wahunsonacock), was the leader of the Powhatan, an alliance of Algonquian-speaking Native Americans living in Tsenacommacah, in the Tidewater region of Virginia at the time when English settlers landed at Jamestown in 1607. Powhatan, alternately called "King" or "Chief" Powhatan by English settlers, led the main political and military power facing the early colonists, and was probably the older brother of Opechancanough, who led attacks against the settlers in 1622 and 1644. He was the father of Matoaka ( Pocahontas). Name In 1607, the English colonists were introduced to Wahunsenacawh as Powhatan and understood this latter name to come from Powhatan's hometown near the falls of the James River near present-day Richmond, Virginia. Seventeenth-century English spellings were not standardized, and representations were many of the sounds of the Algonquian language spoken by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King William, Virginia
King William is a census-designated place (CDP) in and the county seat of King William County, Virginia, United States. The population as of the 2010 census was 252. Located in King William is the oldest courthouse in continuous use in the United States, built in 1725. The community is also known as King William Courthouse or, by an alternative spelling, King William Court House. The King William County Courthouse, King William Training School, Sharon Indian School, and Sweet Hall are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Geography King William is slightly east of the center of King William County, along Virginia State Route 30. It is northwest of West Point and by road east of Richmond. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of , of which , or 0.01%, are water. King William is south of Horse Landing, a small community on the tidal Mattaponi River. The Pamunkey Indian Reservation is located south of King William, and the Pamunkey ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
