National Debt Of South Africa
The National Debt of South Africa is the total quantity of money borrowed by the Government of South Africa at any time through the issue of Security (finance), securities by the National Treasury (South Africa), South African Treasury and other government agencies. As of 2021/22 total South African government debt was $130 billion. The country's Debt-to-GDP ratio, debt to GDP ratio in October 2020 was calculated at 82.76% of GDP by the International Monetary Fund. Roughly 90% of the national debt in 2019/20 was denominated in South African rand thereby reducing borrowing risk due to currency fluctuations. By September 2020 around US$157 billion of South Africa's national debt was externally owned. As of December 2021 the share of domestic bonds held by foreign investors was 28.2%, this represented a declined to a 10-year low. History Apartheid era During apartheid South Africa faced a worsening financial situation stemming from an economic recession and increasing internat ...
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Government Of South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a parliamentary republic with three-tier system of government and an independent judiciary, operating in a parliamentary system. Legislative authority is held by the Parliament of South Africa. Executive authority is vested in the President of South Africa who is head of state and head of government, and his Cabinet. The President is elected by the Parliament to serve a fixed term. South Africa's government differs greatly from those of other Commonwealth nations. The national, provincial and local levels of government all have legislative and executive authority in their own spheres, and are defined in the South African Constitution as "distinctive, interdependent and interrelated". Operating at both national and provincial levels ("spheres") are advisory bodies drawn from South Africa's traditional leaders. It is a stated intention in the Constitution that the country be run on a system of co-operative governance. The national government is co ...
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