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Nukumanu
The Nukumanu Islands, formerly the Tasman Islands, is an atoll of Papua New Guinea, located in the south-western Pacific Ocean, 4 degrees south of the Equator. Description Comprising a ring of more than twenty islets on a reef surrounding a large lagoon, Nukumanu's sandy islands are located on a strip of coral rising no more than above sea level. The main inhabited islands of Nukumanu are located on the eastern end of the atoll. Administratively Nukumanu is part of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville in Papua New Guinea, but it lies quite far away from the closest territory of Papua New Guinea proper, which is the coast of New Ireland island at to the west. The nearest land is Ontong Java Atoll, located only to the south of Nukumanu. The border between Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands runs between these neighboring atolls, which form a small geographic group together with the wholly submerged Roncador Reef at the southern end. History In Polynesian history, th ...
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Ontong Java
Ontong Java Atoll or Luangiua (formerly Lord Howe Atoll, not to be confused with Lord Howe Island) is an atoll in the Solomon Islands, and one of the largest atolls on earth. It is inhabited by a Polynesian community of about people, who speak the Ontong Java language. Description Geographically, Ontong Java belongs to a scattered group of three atolls which includes nearby Nukumanu Atoll and the wholly submerged Roncador Reef located to the south. Administratively Ontong Java belongs to Solomon Islands. As an outlying part of Malaita Province, it forms the northernmost tract of land of this state, over north of Santa Isabel Island. The closest land, however, is Nukumanu Atoll, which lies only due north of Ontong Java's northern tip and, though historically closely related to Ontong Java, is now under the administration of Papua New Guinea. Ontong Java is roughly boot-shaped. The entire size of the atoll is , but there are only of land, spread out over 122 small isl ...
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Samoic Languages
The Samoic–Outlier languages, also known as Samoic languages, are a purported group of Polynesian languages, encompassing the Polynesian languages of Samoa, Tuvalu, American Samoa, Tokelau, Wallis and Futuna, and Polynesian outlier languages in New Caledonia, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea, and the Federated States of Micronesia. The name "Samoic-Outlier" recognizes Samoan. Classification Ethnologue According to ''Ethnologue'' 26, the Samoic–Outlier languages are as follows: * Samoic–Outlier ** East Uvean–Niuafo’ou *** Niuatoputapu *** Niuafo’ou *** Wallisian ** Ellicean *** Kapingamarangi *** Takuu *** Nukuoro *** Nukumanu *** Nukeria *** Ontong Java *** Sikaiana *** Tuvaluan ** Futunic *** Anuta *** East Futuna *** Futuna–Aniwa *** Emae *** Rennell–Bellona *** Mele–Fila *** Vaeakau–Taumako *** Tikopia *** Fagauvea ** Pukapuka ** Samoan ** Tokelauan Glottolog Hammarström et al. do not view the Samoic–Outlier languag ...
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Atolls Rural LLG
Atolls Rural LLG is a local-level government (LLG) of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an island country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean n .... Wards *01. Carterets *02. Tasman *03. Mortlock *04. Nuguria References * * Local-level governments of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville {{Bougainville-geo-stub ...
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Polynesians
Polynesians are an ethnolinguistic group comprising closely related ethnic groups native to Polynesia, which encompasses the islands within the Polynesian Triangle in the Pacific Ocean. They trace their early prehistoric origins to Island Southeast Asia and are part of the larger Austronesian ethnolinguistic group, with an Urheimat in Taiwan. They speak the Polynesian languages, a branch of the Oceanic subfamily within the Austronesian language family. The Indigenous Māori people form the largest Polynesian population, followed by Samoans, Native Hawaiians, Tahitians, Tongans, and Cook Islands Māori. , there were an estimated 2 million ethnic Polynesians (both full and part) worldwide. The vast majority either inhabit independent Polynesian nation-states (Samoa, Niue, Cook Islands, Tonga, and Tuvalu) or form minorities in countries such as Australia, Chile (Easter Island), New Zealand, France (French Polynesia and Wallis and Futuna), and the United States (Hawaii and Am ...
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Roncador Reef
Roncador Reef is a reef in Solomon Islands, south of Ontong Java Atoll and north of Santa Isabel Island. This submerged reef forms a small geographic group together with Nukumanu and Ontong Java, the two nearest atolls located further north. History This reef was first sighted by Europeans at the time of the Spanish expedition of Álvaro de Mendaña and Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa on 1 February 1558. It was charted as ''Bajos de la Candelaria'' (shoals of Our Lady of Candlemas Candlemas, also known as the Feast of the Presentation of Jesus Christ, the Feast of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary, or the Feast of the Holy Encounter, is a Christian holiday, Christian feast day commemorating the presentation of ... in Spanish). Its sighting was also reported by Spanish naval officer Francisco Mourelle de la Rúa on 22 January 1781 on board of frigate ''La Princesa''. He charted this reef as ''Peregrino Roncador'' (Snoring Pilgrim in Spanish).Landin Carrasco, Amancio '' ...
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Polynesia
Polynesia ( , ) is a subregion of Oceania, made up of more than 1,000 islands scattered over the central and southern Pacific Ocean. The indigenous people who inhabit the islands of Polynesia are called Polynesians. They have many things in common, including Polynesian languages, linguistic relations, Polynesian culture, cultural practices, and Tradition, traditional beliefs. In centuries past, they had a strong shared tradition of sailing and Polynesian navigation, using stars to navigate at night. The term was first used in 1756 by the French writer Charles de Brosses, who originally applied it to all the list of islands in the Pacific Ocean, islands of the Pacific. In 1831, Jules Dumont d'Urville proposed a narrower definition during a lecture at the Société de Géographie of Paris. By tradition, the islands located in the South Seas, southern Pacific have also often been called the South Sea Islands, and their inhabitants have been called South Sea Islanders. The Hawai ...
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Local-level Governments Of Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea has 326 local-level governments (LLGs) comprising 6,112 wards as of 2018. Administrative divisions At the highest level, Papua New Guinea is divided into four List of regions of Papua New Guinea, regions, namely the Highlands Region, Highlands, Islands Region, Islands, Momase Region, Momase, and Southern Region, Papua New Guinea, Southern regions. Below, Papua New Guinea has 22 Provinces of Papua New Guinea, province-level divisions: 20 integrated provinces, the Autonomous Region of Bougainville and the National Capital District (Papua New Guinea), National Capital District. Each province has one or more Districts of Papua New Guinea, districts, and each district has one or more local-level government (LLG) areas. For census purposes, the LLG areas are subdivided into wards consisting of a few hundred to a few thousand individuals. Wards are further divided into census units (CU). List of local-level governments by region and province Highlands Region Chimbu Pr ...
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Treaty Of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty signed on 28 June 1919. As the most important treaty of World War I, it ended the state of war between Germany and most of the Allies of World War I, Allied Powers. It was signed in the Palace of Versailles, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, which led to the war. The other Central Powers on the German side signed separate treaties. Although the Armistice with Germany (Compiègne), armistice of 11 November 1918 ended the actual fighting, and agreed certain principles and conditions including the payment of reparations, it took six months of Allied negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty. Germany was not allowed to participate in the negotiations before signing the treaty. The treaty German disarmament, required Germany to disarm, make territorial concessions, extradite alleged war criminals, agree to Kaiser Wilhelm being p ...
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Provinces Of Papua New Guinea
For administrative purposes, Papua New Guinea is divided into administrative divisions of Papua New Guinea, administrative divisions called provinces. There are 22 provincial-level divisions, which include #List of provinces, 20 provinces, the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, and the National Capital District (Papua New Guinea), National Capital District of Port Moresby. In 2009, the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea created two additional provinces, that officially came into being on 17 May 2012."PNG’S new province Hela, Jiwaka declared"
, ''The National'', 17 May 2012
They were Hela Province, which was split from Southern Highlands Province, and J ...
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Trochus
''Trochus'' is a genus of medium-to large-sized, top-shaped sea snails with an operculum, of the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Trochus Linnaeus, 1758. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138598 on 5 December 2012 When the word "trochus" or "Trochus" is used in reference to fishing sea snails for commercial purposes, the usual species targeted is ''Tectus niloticus'', which is valued for its nacre or mother of pearl layer, which was traditionally made into items such as pearl buttons and jewelry. ''Tectus niloticus'' is no longer classified as a ''Trochus'' species, and it is no longer classified in the family Trochidae; it is now placed in the family Tegulidae. History The name ''Trochus'', according to P. FischerP. Fischer. Monog. Genre Troque, in Kiener's Coquilles Vivantes, Paris, 1880. was used for the first time by Guillaume Rondelet, in 1558, who assembled under thi ...
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Sea Cucumber (food)
Sea cucumbers are marine animals of the class Holothuroidea. They can be used as food, in fresh or dried form, in various cuisines. In some cultural contexts the sea cucumber is thought to have medicinal value. The creature and the food product are commonly known as in French, from Portuguese (), in Catalan, (or ) in Indonesian, in Japanese, in Tagalog, in Hawaiian, ('sea aubergine') in Turkish and in Sicilian. In Malay, it is known as the .Alessandro Lovatelli, C. Conand, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ''Advances in sea cucumber aquaculture and management'': ''Volume 463 of FAO fisheries technical paper'' United Nations Food & Agriculture Org., 2004. . 425 pages: 58 Most cultures in East and Southeast Asia regard sea cucumbers as a delicacy. Several dishes are made with sea cucumber, and in most dishes, it has a slippery texture. Common ingredients that go with sea cucumber dishes include winter melon, conpoy, '' kai-lan'', shiitake ...
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Raw Fish
Raw fish or shellfish dishes include marinated raw fish (soaked in a seasoned liquid) and raw fish which is lightly cured such as gravlax, but not fish which is fully cured (fermented, pickled, smoked or otherwise preserved). __TOC__ Raw fish dishes Health concerns Parasites in fish are a natural occurrence and common. Though not a health concern in thoroughly cooked fish, parasites are a concern when consumers eat raw or lightly preserved fish such as sashimi, sushi, ceviche, and gravlax. The popularity of such raw fish dishes makes it important for consumers to be aware of this risk. Raw fish should be frozen to an internal temperature of −20 °C (−4 °F) for at least 7 days to kill parasites. It is important to be aware that home freezers may not be cold enough to kill parasites. Traditionally, fish that live all or part of their lives in fresh water were considered unsuitable for sashimi due to the possibility of parasites (see sashimi article). Para ...
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