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Menachem Magidor
Menachem Magidor (; born January 24, 1946) is an Israeli mathematician who specializes in mathematical logic, in particular set theory. He served as president of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, was president of the Association for Symbolic Logic from 1996 to 1998 and as president of the Division for Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology of the International Union for History and Philosophy of Science (DLMPST/IUHPS) from 2016 to 2019. In 2016 he was elected an honorary foreign member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2018 he received the Solomon Bublick Award. Biography Menachem Magidor was born in Petah Tikva, Israel. He received his Ph.D. in 1973 from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. His thesis, ''On Super Compact Cardinals'', was written under the supervision of Azriel Lévy. He served as president of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem from 1997 to 2009, following Hanoch Gutfreund and succeeded by Menachem Ben-Sasson. The Ox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petah Tikva
Petah Tikva (, ), also spelt Petah Tiqwa and known informally as Em HaMoshavot (), is a city in the Central District (Israel), Central District of Israel, east of Tel Aviv. It was founded in 1878, mainly by Haredi Judaism, Haredi Jews of the Old Yishuv, and became a permanent settlement in 1883 with the financial help of Edmond James de Rothschild, Edmond Rothschild. In , the city had a population of , thus being the List of cities in Israel, fifth-largest city in Israel. Its population density is approximately . Its jurisdiction covers 35,868 dunams (~35.9 km2 or 15 sq mi). Petah Tikva is part of the Gush Dan, Gush Dan metropolitan area. Etymology Petah Tikva takes its name (meaning "Door of Hope") from the biblical allusion in Hosea 2:15: "... and make the valley of Achor a door of hope." The Achor Valley, near Jericho, was the original proposed location for the town. History Tel Mulabbis, an tell (archaeology), archaeological mound in modern Petah Tikva, is an impor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elliott Sober
Elliott R. Sober (born 6 June 1948) is an American philosopher. He is noted for his work in philosophy of biology and general philosophy of science. Sober is Hans Reichenbach Professor and William F. Vilas Research Professor Emeritus in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Education and career Sober earned his Ph.D. in philosophy from Harvard University under the supervision of Hilary Putnam, after doing graduate work at Cambridge University under the supervision of Mary Hesse. His work has also been strongly influenced by the biologist Richard Lewontin, and he has collaborated with David Sloan Wilson, Steven Orzack and Mike Steel, also biologists. Sober joined the Wisconsin faculty in 1974, and retired in 2023. He was also a tenured professor of philosophy at Stanford University in 2003-04, before returning to Wisconsin. He will be a visiting professor at Stanford for 2023-2026. Sober has served as the president of both the Central Divis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regular Cardinal
In set theory, a regular cardinal is a cardinal number that is equal to its own cofinality. More explicitly, this means that \kappa is a regular cardinal if and only if every unbounded subset C \subseteq \kappa has cardinality \kappa. Infinite well-ordered cardinals that are not regular are called singular cardinals. Finite cardinal numbers are typically not called regular or singular. In the presence of the axiom of choice, any cardinal number can be well-ordered, and so the following are equivalent: # \kappa is a regular cardinal. # If \kappa = \textstyle\sum_ \lambda_i and \lambda_i < \kappa for all , then . # If , and if and for all , then . That is, every union of fewer than sets smaller than is smaller than . # The [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Large Cardinal
In the mathematical field of set theory, a large cardinal property is a certain kind of property of transfinite cardinal numbers. Cardinals with such properties are, as the name suggests, generally very "large" (for example, bigger than the least α such that α=ωα). The proposition that such cardinals exist cannot be proved in the most common axiomatization of set theory, namely ZFC, and such propositions can be viewed as ways of measuring how "much", beyond ZFC, one needs to assume to be able to prove certain desired results. In other words, they can be seen, in Dana Scott's phrase, as quantifying the fact "that if you want more you have to assume more". There is a rough convention that results provable from ZFC alone may be stated without hypotheses, but that if the proof requires other assumptions (such as the existence of large cardinals), these should be stated. Whether this is simply a linguistic convention, or something more, is a controversial point among distinct ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cofinality
In mathematics, especially in order theory, the cofinality cf(''A'') of a partially ordered set ''A'' is the least of the cardinalities of the cofinal subsets of ''A''. Formally, :\operatorname(A) = \inf \ This definition of cofinality relies on the axiom of choice, as it uses the fact that every non-empty set of cardinal numbers has a least member. The cofinality of a partially ordered set ''A'' can alternatively be defined as the least ordinal ''x'' such that there is a function from ''x'' to ''A'' with cofinal image. This second definition makes sense without the axiom of choice. If the axiom of choice is assumed, as will be the case in the rest of this article, then the two definitions are equivalent. Cofinality can be similarly defined for a directed set and is used to generalize the notion of a subsequence in a net. Examples * The cofinality of a partially ordered set with greatest element is 1 as the set consisting only of the greatest element is cofinal (and must be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Forcing Notions
In mathematics, forcing is a method of constructing new models ''M'' 'G''of set theory by adding a generic subset ''G'' of a poset ''P'' to a model ''M''. The poset ''P'' used will determine what statements hold in the new universe (the 'extension'); to force a statement of interest thus requires construction of a suitable ''P''. This article lists some of the posets ''P'' that have been used in this construction. Notation *''P'' is a poset with order < *''V'' is the universe of all sets *''M'' is a countable transitive model of set theory *''G'' is a generic subset of ''P'' over ''M''. Definitions *''P'' satisfies the if every antichain in ''P'' is at most countable. This implies that ''V'' and ''V'' 'G''have the sam ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forcing (mathematics)
In the mathematical discipline of set theory, forcing is a technique for proving consistency and independence (mathematical logic), independence results. Intuitively, forcing can be thought of as a technique to expand the set theoretical universe (mathematics), universe V to a larger universe V[G] by introducing a new "generic" object G. Forcing was first used by Paul Cohen (mathematician), Paul Cohen in 1963, to prove the independence of the axiom of choice and the continuum hypothesis from Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory. It has been considerably reworked and simplified in the following years, and has since served as a powerful technique, both in set theory and in areas of mathematical logic such as recursion theory. Descriptive set theory uses the notions of forcing from both recursion theory and set theory. Forcing has also been used in model theory, but it is common in model theory to define generic filter, genericity directly without mention of forcing. Intuition Forcing is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singular Cardinal
Singular may refer to: * Singular, the grammatical number that denotes a unit quantity, as opposed to the plural and other forms * Singular or sounder, a group of boar, see List of animal names * Singular (band), a Thai jazz pop duo *'' Singular: Act I'', a 2018 studio album by Sabrina Carpenter *'' Singular: Act II'', a 2019 studio album by Sabrina Carpenter Mathematics * Singular homology * SINGULAR, an open source Computer Algebra System (CAS) * Singular matrix, a matrix that is not invertible * Singular measure, a measure or probability distribution whose support has zero Lebesgue (or other) measure * Singular cardinal, an infinite cardinal number that is not a regular cardinal * Singular point of a curve, in geometry See also * Singularity (other) * Singulair Montelukast, sold under the brand name Singulair among others, is a medication used in the maintenance treatment of asthma. It is generally less preferred for this use than inhaled corticosteroids. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ofra Magidor
Ofra Magidor (; born 1976) is a philosopher and logician, and current Waynflete Professor of Metaphysical Philosophy at University of Oxford and Fellow of Magdalen College. Biography Magidor received her BSc in mathematics, philosophy, and computer science from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 2002, and a BPhil in philosophy from the University of Oxford in 2004. In 2007 she completed her DPhil, also from the University of Oxford. She has lectured at Oxford since 2005, and in 2016 she became the Waynflete Professor of Metaphysical Philosophy, the second woman to hold this position. In 2014, she was the recipient of the Philip Leverhulme Prize, in recognition of her outstanding research achievements which has attracted international acclaim. Currently, Magidor is on the editorial boards of the journals ''Disputatio'', ''Ergo'', ''Thought'', and ''Mind''. Her father is the mathematician Menachem Magidor. Published works * 2013''Category Mistakes'' (Oxford Univers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solomon Bublick Award
The Solomon Bublick Award (Solomon Bublick Public Service Award or Solomon Bublick Prize) is an award made by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem to a person who has made an important contribution to the advancement and development of the State of Israel. The first award was made in 1949. History Solomon Bublick (died 1945) was an American who left $37,000 to establish an award granted every two years. It is one of the two prestigious awards presented by the University. The prize is given for a lifetime dedicated to the well-being of the Jewish people and the State of Israel, alternatively to an Israeli and to a personality from abroad. In 1950, the award included $1500. In 1960, the award included a sterling silver plaque and $1000. Recipients * 2018 Professor Menachem Magidor former president and Professor Emeritus of mathematics at The Hebrew University * 2016 Professor Hanoch Gutfreund alumnus and former president and Professor Emeritus of theoretical physics of The Hebrew Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Union Of History And Philosophy Of Science
The International Union of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology is one of the members of the International Science Council (ISC). It was founded in 1955 by merging the International Union of History of Science (IUHS) and the International Union of Philosophy of Science (IUPS), and consists of two divisions, the Division of History of Science and Technology (DHST) and the Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology (DLMPST). Structure and governance The IUHPST does not have its own membership structure and governance, but is an umbrella organisation for its two Divisions, DHST and DLMPST. It is governed by the officers of the two Divisions in a rotational system where the Presidency of the Union rotates between the Presidents of the two Divisions. The current IUHPST President is Marcos Cueto (President of DHST), the current IUHPST Vice President is Valentin Goranko (President of DLMPST), the current IUHPST Secretary General is Liesbeth De Mol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
