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Marquette Castle
Marquette Castle is an 18th-century manor house in Heemskerk, Netherlands, occupying the site of the previous 13th century Heemkskerk Castle, or . Castle Characteristics Heemskerk, the first castle The first version of Marquette Castle was a round water castle dating from the 13th century. The round water castle is known from many old pictures. These suggest at least one building along its wall. They also show its later use as a walled garden with a pond. In 1802 the last remains of the water castle were demolished. All that remained were the very wide moats. In 2021 the castle terrains were investigated with ground-penetrating radar and two other non-invasive techniques. These showed the water castle, as well as its gatehouse. The outer diameter of the water castle proved to have been about 40 m. This is larger than Egmond Castle's round water castle which measures slightly less than 30 m. Apart from the known round water castle, other parts of the first castl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heemskerk
Heemskerk () is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is located in the Kennemerland region. Local government As of March 2022, the municipal council of Heemskerk consists of 25 seats, which are divided as follows: * Heemskerk Lokaal - 9 seats * Liberaal Heemskerk - 3 seats * Democrats 66 - 3 seats * Green Left - 3 seats * People's Party for Freedom and Democracy - 3 seats * Labour Party - 2 seats * Christian Democratic Appeal - 2 seats The CDA, Heemskerk Lokaal, Liberaal Heemskerk and D66 form the governing coalition. The (non-elected) mayor of Heemskerk is currently K.S. Heldoorn ( Labour Party). History It is not certain where the name of Heemskerk comes from. The town was already known during the Middle Ages. In an official deed from the year of 1063, the town was known as ''Hemezen Kyrica'', Latinized Frisian meaning Church of Hemezen, a Frisian nun who lived in a religious house there. Heemskerk knows many historical monume ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Friesland (region)
West Friesland ( nl, West-Friesland, fy, West-Fryslân) is a contemporary region in the Northwest of the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. History The River Vlie (also called Fli), is an extension of the IJssel branch of the Rhine River. The river divides the northern Netherlands into two parts, the western and the eastern part. In the eleventh century, heavy rainfall caused the river to flood over large parts of the land. The Zuiderzee bay (previously a lake called Lacus Flevo by Roman authors) was formed, separating West Friesland from the contemporary Province of Friesland. In the Middle Ages, the Westflinge area of West Friesland became an island, bordered on the north by the Medem and Zijpe inlets, and to the south by various interconnecting lakes (now polder land) that were connected with the Zuiderzee. Because of this, the toponym "West Friesland" was applied more to the Westflinge area than to the original West Friesland. For approximately 300 year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twelve Years' Truce
The Twelve Years' Truce was a ceasefire during the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Dutch Republic, agreed in Antwerp on 9 April 1609 and ended on 9 April 1621. While European powers like France began treating the Republic as a sovereign nation, the Spanish viewed it as a temporary measure forced on them by financial exhaustion and domestic issues and did not formally recognise Dutch independence until the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648.Goodman p. 15Anderson p. 4 The Truce allowed Philip III of Spain to focus his resources elsewhere, while Archdukes Archduke Albert and Isabella used it to consolidate Habsburg rule and implement the Counter-Reformation in the Southern Netherlands. Context The war in the Low Countries reached a stalemate in the 1590s. After the fall of Antwerp in 1585, Spain's Philip II ordered Alexander Farnese to direct his military actions first towards the failed campaign of the Spanish Armada, then against France to prevent the succession ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eighty Years' War
The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt ( nl, Nederlandse Opstand) ( c.1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government. The causes of the war included the Reformation, centralisation, taxation, and the rights and privileges of the nobility and cities. After the initial stages, Philip II of Spain, the sovereign of the Netherlands, deployed his armies and regained control over most of the rebel-held territories. However, widespread mutinies in the Spanish army caused a general uprising. Under the leadership of the exiled William the Silent, the Catholic- and Protestant-dominated provinces sought to establish religious peace while jointly opposing the king's regime with the Pacification of Ghent, but the general rebellion failed to sustain itself. Despite Governor of Spanish Netherlands and General for Spain, the Duke of Parma's steady military and diplomatic successes, the Union of Utre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean De Ligne, Duke Of Arenberg
Jean de Ligne, Duke of Arenberg (c. 1525 – 1568) was Baron of Barbançon, founder of the House of Arenberg and stadtholder of the Dutch provinces of Friesland, Groningen, Drenthe and Overijssel from 1549 until his death. He was the son of Louis de Ligne, Baron of Barbançon from the House of Ligne and Marie of Glymes, Lady of Zevenbergen (1503–1566), daughter of Cornelis of Glymes. Jean de Ligne belonged to the closest circles around Charles V and was made a Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1546. In 1549 he became stadtholder of the Northern provinces of Friesland, Groningen, Drenthe and Overijssel. By his marriage to Marguerite de la Marck-Arenberg, sister of Robert III von der Marck-Arenberg who died without children, he became the founder of the third House of Arenberg. He participated in the campaign in France and distinguished himself in the Battle of St. Quentin (1557) where he, together with Henry V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, led the lef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince-Bishopric Of Liège
The Prince-Bishopric of Liège or Principality of Liège was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that was situated for the most part in present-day Belgium. It was an Imperial Estate, so the bishop of Liège, as its prince, had a seat and a vote in the Imperial Diet. The Prince-Bishopric of Liège should not be confused with the Diocese of Liège, which was larger and over which the prince-bishop exercised only the usual responsibilities of a bishop. The bishops of Liège acquired their status as prince-bishops between 980 and 985 when Bishop Notker of Liège, who had been the bishop since 972, received secular control of the County of Huy from Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor. From 1500, the prince-bishopric belonged to the Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle. Its territory included most of the present Belgian provinces of Liège and Limburg, and some exclaves in other parts of Belgium and the Netherlands. It briefly became a republic (the Republic of Li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corneille Of Berghes
Corneille of Berghes or de Glymes-Berghes (1490?–1560?) was Prince-bishop of Liège between 1538 and 1544. Corneille of Berghes was the youngest son of Cornelis of Glymes, Admiral of the Netherlands and Maria Margaretha van Zevenbergen. First he was Prévôt in the Saint Peter's Collegiate church In Christianity, a collegiate church is a church where the daily office of worship is maintained by a college of canons: a non-monastic or "secular" community of clergy, organised as a self-governing corporate body, which may be presided over by ... in Lille, then he stayed in Mechelen at the court of Margaret of Austria. In 1520 he became Coadjutor bishop in Liège, and when Prince-Bishop Érard de La Marck died in 1538, was made his successor by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. His reign was a disaster, because of his fanatic persecution of presumed heretics, which alienated himself from the population. He resigned in 1544 to get married. Very little was registered about the res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert I, Duke Of Bavaria
Albert I, Duke of Lower Bavaria (german: Albrecht; 25 July 1336 – 13 December 1404), was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries. Additionally, he held a portion of the Bavarian province of Straubing, his Bavarian ducal line's appanage and seat, Lower Bavaria. Biography Early years Albert was born in Munich, the third son of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, by his second wife Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut and Holland. Albert was originally a younger son, apportioned at best an appanage. He was only 10 years old when his father died, leaving most of his Bavarian inheritance to his eldest half-brother, Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, but also some appanages to the younger sons. His elder brother, William V, Count of Holland, had engaged in a long struggle with their mother, obtaining Holland and Zeeland from her in 1354, and Hainaut on her death in 1356. William was supported by the party of burghers of the cities. They were oppose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bailiff
A bailiff (from Middle English baillif, Old French ''baillis'', ''bail'' "custody") is a manager, overseer or custodian – a legal officer to whom some degree of authority or jurisdiction is given. Bailiffs are of various kinds and their offices and duties vary greatly. Another official sometimes referred to as a ''bailiff'' was the '' Vogt''. In the Holy Roman Empire a similar function was performed by the ''Amtmann''. British Isles Historic bailiffs ''Bailiff'' was the term used by the Normans for what the Saxons had called a '' reeve'': the officer responsible for executing the decisions of a court. The duty of the bailiff would thus include serving summonses and orders, and executing all warrants issued out of the corresponding court. The district within which the bailiff operated was called his ''bailiwick'', even to the present day. Bailiffs were outsiders and free men, that is, they were not usually from the bailiwick for which they were responsible. Througho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dirk III Van Brederode
Dirk III van Brederode (ca. 1308 – Haarlem, 11 November 1377) was lord of Brederode. Life Family Dirk III's grandfather Dirk II van Brederode (1256-1318) had two sons: Willem and Hendrik. Willem was the oldest, and married Elisabeth (a.k.a. ''Elsbee'') of Kleve, but when he predeceased his father in 1316, his son Dirk III was only about 8 years old. That year Dirk's grandfather tried to get his hands on Elisabeth's dower, but the Count of Holland prevented this. The dower included: the House and judiciary at Voshol and 500 pounds a year, mostly on goods in the vicinity. In 1318 Willem's younger brother Hendrik became Hendrik I of Brederode because Dirk was still a minor. Willem's rich widow Elisabeth would leave to remarry somewhere near Kleve. Dirk III was left behind, and came under guardianship of William III of Holland (1286-1337). This might have been forced by Dirk II and or the count in order to keep control of the succession of Elisabeth's and possibly Hend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hook And Cod Wars
The Hook and Cod wars ( nl, Hoekse en Kabeljauwse twisten) comprise a series of wars and battles in the County of Holland between 1350 and 1490. Most of these wars were fought over the title of count of Holland, but some have argued that the underlying reason was because of the power struggle of the bourgeois in the cities against the ruling nobility. The Cod faction generally consisted of the more progressive cities of Holland. The Hook faction consisted for a large part of the conservative noblemen. The origin of the name "Cod" is uncertain, but is most likely a case of reappropriation. Perhaps it derives from the arms of Bavaria, that look like the scales of a fish. The ''Hook'' refers to the hooked stick that is used to catch cod. Another possible explanation is that as a cod grows it tends to eat more, growing even bigger and eating even more, thus encapsulating how the noblemen perhaps saw the expanding middle classes of the time. Aftermath of William IV's reign (1345 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cod Alliance Treaty
The Cod Alliance Treaty was a 1350 or 1351 treaty by which a number of nobles and cities allied with William V of Holland against his mother Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut and her allies. It was signed in the first phase of the Hook and Cod wars. Context Emergence of the Cod Alliance Count William III of Holland, successfully reigned Holland, Zeeland and Hainaut from 1304 to 1337. An aspect of his reign that caused long term problems in Holland and Zeeland was that he let Willem van Duvenvoorde (c. 1290-1353) manage the internal affairs of Holland. This enabled Van Duvenvoorde and his relatives, the families: Wasseaar, Polanen, Brederode, Boechorst, etc. to amass fiefs and great fortunes. This to the detriment of families like: Arkel, Egmond, Heemskerk and Wateringen. It led to ever growing irritation and resentment with those families who were left out, and steadily lost goods. This formed one of the key causes of the later Hook and Cod wars. The short reign of Count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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