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Maquis Vallier
The Maquis Vallier was one of the maquis groups of resistance fighters during World War II. The maquis operated in the north of the Var département, particularly in the valley of the Verdon. The maquis Vallier was initially part of the '' Mouvements Unis de la Résistance'' (MUR) organization, before becoming the primary structure of the ''Armée secrète'' (AS) in its zone. In 1944, it was under the authority of the '' comité départemental de libération''. The maquis Vallier was led by the Lieutenant Claude Vallier (Gleb Sivirine). collection « Biface », 2007. Like ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maquis (World War II)
The Maquis () were rural guerrilla bands of French and Belgian Resistance fighters, called ''maquisards'', during the Nazi occupation of France in World War II. Initially, they were composed of young, mostly working-class, men who had escaped into the mountains and woods to avoid conscription into Vichy France's '' Service du travail obligatoire'' ("Compulsory Work Service" or ''STO'') to provide forced labor for Germany. To avoid capture and deportation to Germany, they became increasingly organized into active resistance groups. They had an estimated to members in autumn of 1943 and approximately members in June 1944. Meaning Originally the word came from the kind of terrain in which the armed resistance groups hid, high ground in southeastern France covered with scrub growth called ''maquis'' (scrubland). from Dictionary.com Although strictly speaking it means thicket, ''maquis'' could be roughly translated as " the bush"; in Corsica, the saying ''prendre le maqui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Resistance
The French Resistance (french: La Résistance) was a collection of organisations that fought the German occupation of France during World War II, Nazi occupation of France and the Collaborationism, collaborationist Vichy France, Vichy régime during the World War II, Second World War. Resistance Clandestine cell system, cells were small groups of armed men and women (called the Maquis (World War II), Maquis in rural areas) who, in addition to their guerrilla warfare activities, were also publishers of underground newspapers, providers of first-hand intelligence information, and maintainers of escape networks that helped Allies of World War II, Allied soldiers and airmen trapped behind enemy lines. The Resistance's men and women came from all economic levels and political leanings of French society, including émigrés, academics, students, Aristocratic family, aristocrats, conservative Catholic Church, Roman Catholics (including priests and Yvonne Beauvais, nuns), Protestantis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million Military personnel, personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Air warfare of World War II, Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Var (département)
Var (, ) is a department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of Southeastern France. It takes its name from the river Var, which flowed along its eastern boundary, until the boundary was moved in 1860 and the department is no longer associated with the river. The Var department is bordered on the east by the department of Alpes-Maritimes, to the west by Bouches-du-Rhône, to the north of the river Verdon by the department of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and to the south by the Mediterranean Sea. It had a population of 1,076,711 in 2019.Populations légales 2019: 83 Var INSEE is the largest city and administrative capital ( |
Département
In the administrative divisions of France, the department (french: département, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level (" territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes. Ninety-six departments are in metropolitan France, and five are overseas departments, which are also classified as overseas regions. Departments are further subdivided into 332 arrondissements, and these are divided into cantons. The last two levels of government have no autonomy; they are the basis of local organisation of police, fire departments and, sometimes, administration of elections. Each department is administered by an elected body called a departmental council ( ing. lur.. From 1800 to April 2015, these were called general councils ( ing. lur.. Each council has a president. Their main areas of responsibility include the management of a number of social and welfare allowances, of junior high school () buildings and technical st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verdon (river)
The Verdon (, ) is a river in Southeastern France, left tributary of the Durance. Its drainage basin is .Bassin versant : Verdon (Le) Observatoire Régional Eau et Milieux Aquatiques en PACA The Verdon is best known for its impressive : the . This limestone canyon, also called the "Grand Canyon of Verdon", long and more than deep, is a popular climbing and sight-seeing area. The name comes from the green appearance of the waters of the river, in the canyon. Course Its source is at an elevation of , in the southwestern part of the[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mouvements Unis De La Résistance
The Communist Party of Belgium (french: Parti Communiste de Belgique, or PCB; nl, Communistische Partij van België) is a communist party in Belgium. It was founded in Wallonia in 1989 as the Communist Party of Wallonia after the Communist Party of Belgium was bifurcated along linguistic lines, and refounded as the PCB following the extinction of its counterpart in Flanders. Pierre Beauvois was the General Secretary of the party to 2006. PC publishes ''Le Drapeau Rouge'' and ''Mouvements''. It was part of the Party of the European Left The Party of the European Left (PEL), commonly abbreviated European Left, is a European political party that operates as an association of democratic socialist and communist political parties in the European Union and other European countries. ... until July 2018. References External links * 1989 establishments in Belgium Communist parties in Belgium Francophone political parties in Belgium Party of the European Left former mem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armée Secrète
The armée secrète was a French military organization active during World War II. The collective grouped the paramilitary formations of the three most important Gaullist resistance movements in the southern zone. History In mid-1942, in the R1 Region, the three major Gaullist movements (Combat, Libération-sud and the Franc-Tireurs) wanted to coordinate the military units at their disposal to make them more effective. Henri Frenay, leader of Combat, claimed command of the new structure, but faced opposition from Emmanuel d'Astier de La Vigerie, leader of Liberation-Sud and , head of the Franc-Tireurs. Jean Moulin insisted that the post should go to someone who with no affiliation to one of these groups, so Frenay proposed Charles Delestraint, a general recalled from his retirement during the Battle of France, who admired General Charles de Gaulle and detested Vichy. He was the only general officer who had been promoted despite that defeat; the proposal was unanimously a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comité Départemental De Libération
The Comité départemental de libération (departmental liberation committee) was a structure of the French Resistance. In 1944, in each department, the Resistance unified around a civil resistance structure (the Comité) and a military one (the French Forces of the Interior). The Comités developed out of the desire of the MUR (Mouvements Unis de la Résistance, or MUR) and the Free French Forces in London under general De Gaulle to give political representation to the Resistance forces fighting in France. In each commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ..., a Comité local de libération (local liberation committee) represent the Comité départemental de libération. Newspaper The CDL created the daily newspaper, with a radical socialist communist outlook. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massif Des Maures
The Massif des Maures (, "plateau of the Moors") is a small mountain range in southeastern France. It is located in the department of Var, near Fraxinet and between Hyères and Fréjus. Its highest point, at ''Signal de la Sauvette'', is high. Geography The Massif des Maures is a low mountain range about long and wide. Its highest point is high. It lies between the River Argens and the River Réal Martin to the north and the Mediterranean coast to the south, the River Durance to the west and the foothills of the Alps to the east, between Hyères and Fréjus. The winters are mild and the amounts of precipitation are low, especially in the summer when many of the streams run dry. The sides of the hills are steep, the soil is thin and there are few settlements; cultivated crops include grapes, citrus, olives, figs, mulberries and almonds. The detailed geography of the massif is complex; it is arranged along three main ridge lines, oriented west/southwest to east/northeast, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Dragoon
Operation Dragoon (initially Operation Anvil) was the code name for the landing operation of the Allied invasion of Provence ( Southern France) on 15August 1944. Despite initially designed to be executed in conjunction with Operation Overlord, the Allied landing in Normandy, the lack of available resources led to a cancellation of the second landing. By July 1944 the landing was reconsidered, as the clogged-up ports in Normandy did not have the capacity to adequately supply the Allied forces. Concurrently, the French High Command pushed for a revival of the operation that would include large numbers of French troops. As a result, the operation was finally approved in July to be executed in August. The invasion sought to secure the vital ports on the French Mediterranean coast and increase pressure on the German forces by opening another front. After preliminary commando operations, the US VI Corps landed on the beaches of the Côte d'Azur under the shield of a large naval tas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
