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Muhammadiyah People
Muhammadiyah (), officially Muhammadiyah Society () is a major Islamic non-governmental organization in Indonesia.A. Jalil HamidTackle the rising cost of living longer New Straits Times, 30 October 2016. Accessed 1 November 2016. The organization was founded in 1912 by Ahmad Dahlan in the city of Yogyakarta as a reformist socioreligious movement, advocating ''ijtihad'' - individual interpretation of ''Qur'an'' and ''Sunnah'', as opposed to ''Taqlid'' - conformity to the traditional interpretations propounded by the ''ulama''. Since its establishment, Muhammadiyah has adopted a reformist platform mixing religious and secular education, primarily as a way to promote the upward mobility of Muslims toward a 'modern' community and to purify Indonesian Islam of local syncretic practices. It continues to support local culture and promote religious tolerance in Indonesia, while a few of its higher education institutions are attended mostly by non-Muslims, especially in East Nusa Tenggara a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yogyakarta
Yogyakarta is the capital city of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in Indonesia, in the south-central part of the island of Java. As the only Indonesian royal city still ruled by Hamengkubuwono, a monarchy, Yogyakarta is regarded as an important centre for classical Javanese culture, Javanese fine arts and culture such as ballet, ''batik'' textiles, drama, Javanese literature, literature, music of Java, music, Javanese poetry, poetry, silversmithing, visual arts, and ''wayang'' puppetry. Renowned as a centre of Education in Indonesia, Indonesian education, Yogyakarta is home to a large student population and dozens of schools and universities, including Gadjah Mada University, the country's largest institute of higher education and one of its most prestigious. Yogyakarta is the capital of the Yogyakarta Sultanate and served as the Indonesian capital from 1946 to 1948 during the Indonesian National Revolution, with Gedung Agung as the president's office. One of the districts in s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulama
In Islam, the ''ulama'' ( ; also spelled ''ulema''; ; singular ; feminine singular , plural ) are scholars of Islamic doctrine and law. They are considered the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious knowledge in Islam. "Ulama" may refer broadly to the educated class of such religious scholars, including Theology, theologians, Religious law, canon lawyers (muftis), judges (qadis), professors, and high state religious officials. Alternatively, "ulama" may refer specifically to those holding governmental positions in an Islamic state. By longstanding tradition, ulama are educated in religious institutions (''madrasas''). The Quran and sunnah (authentic hadith) are the scriptural sources of Sharia, traditional Islamic law. Traditional way of education Students of Islamic doctrine do not seek out a specific educational institution, but rather seek to join renowned teachers. By tradition, a scholar who has completed their studies is approved by their teacher. At ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecca
Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above sea level. Its metropolitan population in 2022 was 2.4million, making it the List of cities in Saudi Arabia by population, third-most populated city in Saudi Arabia after Riyadh and Jeddah. Around 44.5% of the population are Saudis, Saudi citizens and around 55.5% are Muslim world, Muslim foreigners from other countries. Pilgrims more than triple the population number every year during the Pilgrimage#Islam, pilgrimage, observed in the twelfth Islamic calendar, Hijri month of . With over 10.8 million international visitors in 2023, Mecca was one of the ten List of cities by international visitors, most visited cities in the world. Mecca is generally considered "the fountainhead and cradle of Islam". Mecca is revered in Islam as the birthp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yogyakarta Sultanate
The Sultanate of Yogyakarta, officially the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat ( ; ), is a Javanese monarchy in Yogyakarta Special Region, in the Republic of Indonesia. The current head of the sultanate is Hamengkubuwono X. Yogyakarta existed as a state since 1755 on the territory of modern Indonesia in the central part of Java Island. The sultanate became the main theatre of military operations during the Java War of 1825–1830, following which a significant part of its territory was annexed by the Dutch, and the degree of autonomy was significantly curtailed. In 1946–1948, during the war of independence of Indonesia, the capital of the republic was transferred to the territory of the sultanate, in the city of Yogyakarta. In 1950, Yogyakarta, along with the Principality of Pakualaman, became part of Indonesia, with the former royal realms united as a Special Region, with status equal to that of a national province. At the same time, the hereditary titles of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kraton (Indonesia)
Kraton () or keraton is a type of royal palace in Java, Indonesia. Its name is derived from the Javanese ''ka-ratu-an'' meaning residence of the ''ratu'', the traditional honorific title for a monarch. In Java, the palace of a prince is called ''pura'' or ''dalem'', while the general word for palace is ''Palace, istana'', which is identical to Malay language, Malay. Specific palaces Kraton that function as the residence of a royal family include: ;Yogyakarta (Jogja) region: *Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat (Palace of Sultan Hamengkubuwono). *Pakualaman, Pura Pakualaman (Palace of Adipati Pakualam). ;Surakarta (Solo) region: *Surakarta Sunanate, Kraton Surakarta Hadiningrat (Palace of Susuhunan Pakubuwono). *Pura Mangkunegaran (Palace of Adipati Mangkunegara). ;Cirebon area: *Kraton Kasepuhan (Palace of Sultan Sepuh). *Kraton Kanoman (Palace of Sultan Anom). *Kraton Kacirebonan (Palace of Sultan Cirebon). *Kraton Kaprabonan (:id:Kaprabonan, id) (Palace of Sultan Prabon). H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masjid Besar (Muhammadiyah) Yogyakarta, Kota Jogjakarta 200 Tahun, Plate Before Page 89
A mosque ( ), also called a masjid ( ), is a place of worship for Muslims. The term usually refers to a covered building, but can be any place where Islamic prayers are performed; such as an outdoor courtyard. Originally, mosques were simple places of prayer for the early Muslims, and may have been open spaces rather than elaborate buildings. In the first stage of Islamic architecture (650–750 CE), early mosques comprised open and closed covered spaces enclosed by walls, often with minarets, from which the Islamic call to prayer was issued on a daily basis. It is typical of mosque buildings to have a special ornamental niche (a ''mihrab'') set into the wall in the direction of the city of Mecca (the ''qibla''), which Muslims must face during prayer, as well as a facility for ritual cleansing (''wudu''). The pulpit ('' minbar''), from which public sermons (''khutbah'') are delivered on the event of Friday prayer, was, in earlier times, characteristic of the central city mosque ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of Indonesia
The politics of Indonesia take place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic republic whereby the President of Indonesia is both head of state and head of government and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the bicameral People's Consultative Assembly. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.King, Blair. Inside Indonesia:Constitutional tinkering: The search for consensus is taking time access date 23 May 2009 The 1945 constitution provided for a limited separation of executive, legislative and judicial power. The governmental system has been described as "presidential with parliamentary characteristics". Indonesia was democratic upon independence, but became authoritarian in 1957 under Sukarno. It remained authoritarian under his successor Suharto until the Indonesian riots of May 1998 and the resignation of President Suharto, which led ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nahdlatul Ulama
Nahdlatul Ulama (, , NU) is an Islamic organization in Indonesia. Its membership numbered over 40 million in 2023, making it the largest Islamic organization in the world. NU is also a charitable body funding schools and hospitals as well as organizing communities to help alleviate poverty. The NU was founded in 1926 by the ''ulema'' and merchants to defend both traditionalist Islamic practices (in accordance with Shafi'i school) and its members' economic interests. NU's religious views are considered "traditionalist" in that it accepts local cultural traditions that do not conflict with Islamic law (in contrast to Islamic fundamentalist groups). By contrast, the second largest Islamic organization in Indonesia, the Muhammadiyah, is considered "reformist" as it takes a more literal interpretation of the Qur'an and Sunnah. Many leaders of Nahdlatul Ulama are ardent advocates of Islam Nusantara, a distinctive variety of Islam that has undergone interaction, contextualization, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Java
Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, projected to rise to 158 million at mid 2025, Java is the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, home to approximately 55.7% of the Demographics of Indonesia, Indonesian population (only approximately 44.3% of Indonesian population live outside Java). Indonesia's capital city, Jakarta, is on Java's northwestern coast. Many of the best known events in Indonesian history took place on Java. It was the centre of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires, the Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies. Java was also the center of the History of Indonesia, Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s. Java dominates Indonesia politically, economically and culturally. Four of Indonesia's eig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Illinois Press
The University of Illinois Press (UIP) is an American university press and is part of the University of Illinois System. Founded in 1918, the press publishes some 120 new books each year, thirty-three scholarly journals, and several electronic projects. Strengths include ethnic and multicultural studies, Lincoln and Illinois history, and the large and diverse series ''Music in American Life.'' See also * List of English-language book publishing companies * List of university presses * Journals published by University of Illinois Press References External links * 1918 establishments in Illinois Book publishing companies based in Illinois Publishing companies established in 1918 Press Illinois {{Illinois-university-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Champaign, Illinois
Champaign ( ) is a city in Champaign County, Illinois, United States. The population was 88,302 at the 2020 census. It is the List of municipalities in Illinois, tenth-most populous municipality in Illinois and the fourth most populous city in the state outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is a principal city of the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area, which had 236,000 residents in 2020. Champaign shares the main campus of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois with its twin city of Urbana, Illinois, Urbana, and is also home to Parkland College (United States), Parkland College, which gives the city a large student population during the academic year. Due to the university and a number of technology startup company, startup companies, it is often referred to as a hub of the Illinois Silicon Prairie. Champaign houses offices for the Fortune 500 companies Abbott Laboratories, Abbott, Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), Caterpillar Inc., Caterpillar, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papua (province)
Papua is a provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia, comprising the northern coast of Western New Guinea together with island groups in Cenderawasih Bay to the west. It roughly follows the borders of the Papuan customary region of Tabi Saireri, and is divided into eight regency (Indonesia), regencies () and one city (''kota''), the latter being the provincial capital of Jayapura. It is bordered by the nation of Papua New Guinea to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the north, Cenderawasih Bay to the west, and the provinces of Central Papua and Highland Papua to the south. The province also shares Maritime boundary, maritime boundaries with Palau in the Pacific. Papua, along with the five other Western New Guinea#Administration, Papuan provinces, has a higher degree of autonomy level compared to other Provinces of Indonesia, Indonesian provinces. Before 2003, the province (known as Irian Barat from 1962 to 1973 and Irian Jaya from 1973 to 2002) covered the entirety of Western N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
