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Mohammed Al-Ghazali
Sheikh Mohammed al-Ghazali al-Saqqa (1917–1996) () was an Islamic scholar whose writings "have influenced generations of Egyptians". The author of 94 books, he attracted a broad following with works that sought to interpret Islam and its holy book, the Qur'an, in a modern light. He is widely credited with contributing to a revival of Islamic faith in Egypt in recent times, and has been called (by Gilles Kepel) "one of the most revered sheikhs in the Muslim world". Early life Al-Ghazali was born in 1917 in the small town of Nikla al-'Inab (نكلا العنب), southeast of the coastal part of Alexandria, in the Beheira Governorate. He graduated from Al Azhar University in 1941. He taught at the University of Umm al-Qura in Makkah, the University of Qatar, and at al-Amir 'Abd al-Qadir University for Islamic Sciences in Algeria. Views and public image Al-Ghazali was perhaps best known in the West for testifying on behalf of the assassins of secularist author Farag Foda, tellin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam
Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world's Major religious groups, second-largest religious population after Christians. Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a Fitra, primordial faith that was revealed many times through earlier Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophets and messengers, including Adam in Islam, Adam, Noah in Islam, Noah, Abraham in Islam, Abraham, Moses in Islam, Moses, and Jesus in Islam, Jesus. Muslims consider the Quran to be the verbatim word of God in Islam, God and the unaltered, final revelation. Alongside the Quran, Muslims also believe in previous Islamic holy books, revelations, such as the Torah in Islam, Tawrat (the Torah), the Zabur (Psalms), and the Gospel in Islam, Injil (Gospel). They believe that Muhammad in Islam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asharq Al-Awsat
''Asharq Al-Awsat'' (, meaning "The Middle East") is an Arabic international newspaper headquartered in London. A pioneer of the "off-shore" model in the Arabic press, the paper is often noted for its distinctive green-tinted pages. Although published under the name of a private company, Saudi Research and Marketing Group (SRMG), the paper was founded with the approval of the Saudi royal family and government ministers, and is noted for its support of the Saudi government. The newspaper is owned by Faisal bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, a member of the Saudi royal family. ''Asharq Al-Awsat'' covers events through a network of bureaus and correspondents throughout the Arab world, Europe, the United States, and Asia. The paper also has copyright syndications with ''The Washington Post'', ''Los Angeles Times'', ''The New York Times'', and Global Viewpoint, permitting it to publish Arabic translations of columnists like Thomas Friedman and David Ignatius. History Founding Lau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maturidis
Maturidism () is a school of theology in Sunni Islam named after Abu Mansur al-Maturidi. It is one of the three creeds of Sunni Islam alongside Ash'arism and Atharism, and prevails in the Hanafi school of jurisprudence. Al-Maturidi codified and systematized the theological Islamic beliefs already present among the Ḥanafite Muslim theologians of Balkh and Transoxiana under one school of systematic theology ('' kalām''); Abu Hanifa emphasized the use of rationality and theological rationalism regarding the interpretation of the sacred scriptures of Islam. Maturidism was originally circumscribed to the region of Transoxiana in Central Asia but it became the predominant theological orientation amongst the Sunnī Muslims of Persia before the Safavid conversion to Shīʿīsm in the 16th century, and the (people of reason). It enjoyed a preeminent status in the Ottoman Empire and Mughal India. Outside the old Ottoman and Mughal empires, most Turkic tribes, Hui people, Ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanafis
The Hanafi school or Hanafism is the oldest and largest Madhhab, school of Islamic jurisprudence out of the four schools within Sunni Islam. It developed from the teachings of the Faqīh, jurist and theologian Abu Hanifa (), who systemised the use of reasoning (). Hanafi legal theory primarily derives law from the Quran, the sayings and practices of Muhammad (''sunnah''), scholarly consensus () and analogical reasoning (), but also considers juristic discretion () and local customs (). It is distinctive in its greater usage of ''qiyas'' than other schools. The school spread throughout the Muslim world under the patronage of various Islamic empires, including the Abbasids and Seljuk Empire, Seljuks. The Central Asian region of Transoxiana emerged as a centre of classical Hanafi scholarship between the 10th and 12th centuries, which gave rise to the Maturidi school of theology. The Ottoman Empire adopted Hanafism as its official school of law and influenced the legal thought of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mustafa Mahmoud
Mustafa Kamal Mahmoud Hussein (; 27 December 1921 – 31 October 2009) was an Egyptian doctor, philosopher, and author. Mustafa was born in Shibin el-Kom, Monufia province. He was trained as a doctor, but later chose a career as a journalist and author, traveling and writing on many subjects. He wrote 89 books on science, philosophy, religion, politics, and society as well as plays, tales, and travelogues. He was known for his popular program '. Mustafa founded a mosque, a medical clinic, and a charitable organization which were all named after him. Publications Books #''(2004): Understanding The Qur'an : A Contemporary Approach'' #''(1999): What's Behind The Gate of Death'' #''(1998): The Password'' #''(1998): New Quranic Psychology'' #''(1997): Israel: The Beginning and The End'' #''(1995): The Burning Tomorrow'' #''(1994): Islam in the Dike'' #''(1992): I Saw God'' #''(1992): Political Islam and the Upcoming Battle'' #''(1991): Political Circus Games'' #''(1990): ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Metwalli Al-Sha'rawi
Muhammad Metwalli al-Sha'rawi () (April 15, 1911 – June 17, 1998) was an Islamic scholar, former Egyptian minister of Endowments. He has been called one of Egypt's most popular and successful Islamic preachers, and "one of the most prominent symbols of popular Egyptian culture" in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s.Osman, Tarek, ''Egypt on the Brink'' by Tarek Osman, Yale University Press, 2010, p.77 Birth and early life Muhammad Metwalli al-Sha'rawi was born on April 15, 1911, in the village of Daqadus, Mit Ghamr, Ad Daqahliyah, Egypt. In 1916, at five years old, he joined a Zagazig elementary institution. By the age of 11, he had completely memorised the Quran. In 1923, he earned his elementary certificate, joining the secondary institution afterward. During this time, his interest in poetry and literature had grown and he went on to be elected leader of the Student Union at the institution. A turning point in his life, when his father sent him, paying for his living expenses, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khaled Abou El Fadl
Khaled Abou el Fadl (, ) (born October 23, 1963) is the Omar and Azmeralda Alfi Distinguished Professor of Law at the UCLA School of Law where he has taught courses on International Human Rights, Islamic jurisprudence, National Security Law, Law and Terrorism, Islam and Human Rights, Political Asylum, and Political Crimes and Legal Systems. He is also the founder of the Usuli Institute, a non-profit public charity dedicated to research and education to promote humanistic interpretations of Islam, as well as the Chair of the Islamic Studies Program at the University of California, Los Angeles. He has lectured on and taught Islamic law in the United States and Europe in academic and non-academic environments since around 1990. Abou El Fadl is the author of numerous books and scholarly articles on topics in human rights law, Islam, and Islamic law. He has appeared on national and international television and radio, and written in publications such as ''The New York Times'', ''The W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qur'anic Literalism
The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (''Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which consist of individual verses ('). Besides its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic literature, and has significantly influenced the Arabic language. It is the object of a modern field of academic research known as Quranic studies. Muslims believe the Quran was orally revealed by God to the final Islamic prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning on the Laylat al-Qadr, when Muhammad was 40, and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as Muhammad's most important miracle, a proof of his prophethood, and the culmination of a series of divine messages starting with those revealed to the first Islamic prophet Adam, including the holy books of the Torah, Psalms, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hadith Studies
Hadith studies is the academic study of hadith, a literature typically thought in Islamic religion to be a record of the words, actions, and the silent approval of the Muhammad as transmitted through chains of narrators. A major area of interest in hadith studies has been the degree to which hadith can be used as a reliable source for reconstructing the biography of Muhammad, in parallel to the Islamic discipline of the hadith sciences. Since the pioneering work of Ignaz Goldziher, the sentiment has been that hadith are a more faithful source for understanding the religious, historical, and social developments in the first two centuries of Islam than they are a reliable record of Muhammad's life, especially concerning the formation of Islamic law, theology, and piety during the Umayyad and early Abbasid eras. Among other reasons, historians are skeptical of understanding the historical Muhammad through hadith due to the late date for when the hadith compilations were made ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perestroika
''Perestroika'' ( ; rus, перестройка, r=perestrojka, p=pʲɪrʲɪˈstrojkə, a=ru-perestroika.ogg, links=no) was a political reform movement within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the late 1980s, widely associated with CPSU general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his '' glasnost'' (meaning "transparency") policy reform. The literal meaning of ''perestroika'' is "restructuring," referring to the restructuring of the political economy of the Soviet Union in an attempt to end the Era of Stagnation. ''Perestroika'' allowed more independent actions from various ministries and introduced many market-like reforms. The purported goal of ''perestroika'' was not to end the planned economy, but rather to make socialism work more efficiently to better meet the needs of Soviet citizens by adopting elements of liberal economics. The process of implementing ''perestroika'' added to existing shortage and created political, social, and economic tensions wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Institute Of Islamic Thought
The International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT) is a privately held non-profit organization in the United States founded by Ismail al-Faruqi and Anwar Ibrahim. It was established as a non-profit 501(c)(3) non-denominational organization in 1981, and is based in Herndon, Virginia. The stated objective of the institute is to revive and reform Islamic thought through research on advancing education in Muslim societies, and publishing, translating and teaching this work. History The institute was founded in 1981 by Palestinian-American scholar Ismail al-Faruqi and Malaysian politician and Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim. The institute is a non-profit 501(c)(3) non-denominational organization located in Herndon, Virginia. In a 2016 essay published by the American Academy of Religion's ''Religious Studies News'', the then IIIT director Ermin Sinanović explained that IIIT had been intended to resolve an "intellectual crisis" which afflicted the global Muslim community. Sinanovi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oneworld Publications
Oneworld Publications is a British independent publishing firm founded in 1986 by Novin Doostdar and Juliet Mabey originally to publish accessible non-fiction by experts and academics for the general market. Based in London, it later added a literary fiction list (in 2009) and both a children's list (Rock the Boat, 2015) and an upmarket crime list (Point Blank, 2016), and now publishes across a wide range of subjects, including history, politics, current affairs, popular science, religion, philosophy, and psychology, as well as literary fiction, crime fiction and suspense, and children's titles. History Oneworld Publications was founded in 1986 by Novin Doostdar and Juliet Mabey, who had met as students in the 1970s and subsequently married;Alison Flood"Oneworld: the tiny publisher behind the last two Man Booker winners" ''The Guardian'', 15 November 2016. the company's name reflects their international approach to publishing with global values, initially producing non-fiction " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
