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Maria Alda Nogueira
Maria Alda Nogueira (1923–1988) was a communist and feminist activist who opposed Portugal's '' Estado Novo'' regime and spent nine years as a political prisoner. After the overthrow of the ''Estado Novo'' she became a parliamentary deputy, serving in the National Assembly for a decade. Early life Maria Alda Nogueira was born in the Portuguese capital of Lisbon on 19 March 1923. Her mother was a seamstress and her father a locksmith and they lived in a working-class neighbourhood. As a school student she was the student president and worked for International Red Aid, collecting clothing for Spaniards fighting Franco in the Spanish Civil War. She finished a degree in Physical-Chemical Sciences from the University of Lisbon in 1945-1946 and then became a teacher, working for three years at a school in Olhão in the Algarve, while also teaching a night school for women, before returning to teach in the Lisbon area. Activism In 1946, Nogueira joined the '' Associação Feminina Port ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lisbon
Lisbon ( ; ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 567,131, as of 2023, within its administrative limits and 3,028,000 within the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, metropolis, as of 2025. Lisbon is mainland Europe's westernmost capital city (second overall after Reykjavík, Reykjavik), and the only one along the Atlantic coast, the others (Reykjavik and Dublin) being on islands. The city lies in the western portion of the Iberian Peninsula, on the northern shore of the River Tagus. The western portion of its metro area, the Portuguese Riviera, hosts the westernmost point of Continental Europe, culminating at Cabo da Roca. Lisbon is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world and the second-oldest European capital city (after Athens), predating other modern European capitals by centuries. Settled by pre-Celtic tribes and later founded and civilized by the Phoenicians, Julius Caesar made it a municipium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sérgio Vilarigues
Sergius is a male given name of Ancient Roman origin after the name of the Latin ''gens'' Sergia or Sergii of regal and republican ages. It is a common Christian name, in honour of Saint Sergius, or in Kyivan Rus', of Sergius of the Holy Caves (Saint Sergius the Obedient of the Kiev Caves), one of saint Fathers of Kyiv, Saint Sergius of Radonezh, and has been the name of four popes. It has given rise to numerous variants, present today mainly in the Romance (Serge, Sergio, Sergi) and Slavic languages (Serhii, Sergey, Serguei, Srđan). It is not common in English, although the Anglo-French name Sargent is possibly related to it. Etymology The name originates from the Roman ''nomen'' (patrician family name) ''Sergius'', after the name of the Roman ''gens'' of Latin origins Sergia or Sergii from Alba Longa, Old Latium, counted by Theodor Mommsen as one of the oldest Roman families, one of the original 100 ''gentes originaria''. It has been speculated to derive from a more anc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movimento Democrático De Mulheres
The ''Movimento Democrático de Mulheres'' (Women's Democratic Movement - MDM) is a Portuguese non-governmental women's association. It was created in 1968 by groups opposed to the '' Estado Novo'' regime and continued after the overthrow of the regime in 1974. Origins The ''Movimento Democrático de Mulheres'' (MDM) had its roots in earlier women's movements in Portugal, such as the '' Liga das Mulheres Republicanas'' (League of Republican Women), which operated from 1909 to 1919, the '' Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas'' (National Council of Portuguese Women - CNMP), which functioned from 1914 to its closure by the ''Estado Novo'' in 1947, and the '' Associação Feminina Portuguesa para a Paz'' (Portuguese Women's Association for Peace - AFPP), which was disbanded by the regime in 1952. Establishment The MDM was created at a time of the flourishing of radical movements worldwide, including the opposition to the Vietnam War in the United States and the May 68 anti-gov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assembly Of The Republic (Portugal)
The Assembly of the Republic (, ), commonly referred to as simply Parliament (), is the Unicameralism, unicameral parliament of Portugal. According to the Constitution of Portugal, the parliament "is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens". The constitution names the assembly as one of the country's organs of supreme authority. It meets in São Bento Palace, the historical site of an old Benedictine monastery. The palace has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 (Cortes Gerais, Cortes until 1910, Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974). Powers and duties of the Assembly The Assembly of the Republic's powers derive from its ability to dismiss a government through a vote of no confidence, to change the country's laws, and to amend the Constitution of Portugal, constitution (which requires a majority of two-thirds). In addition to these key powers, the constitution grants to the Assembly extensive legislative powers and s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constituent Assembly Of Portugal
The Constituent Assembly () was the Portuguese constituent assembly elected on 25 April 1975, after the Carnation Revolution (25 April 1974), for the purpose of adopting a constitution for the Third Portuguese Republic, the Constitution of 1976. Background After the Carnation Revolution, the National Salvation Junta dissolved all political offices previously existing in the '' Estado Novo'' (Law no. 1/74). On 14 May 1974, the President of the National Salvation Junta, António de Spínola, abolished the National Assembly and the Corporative Chamber (Law no. 2/74), the two parliamentary chambers in the ''Estado Novo'', and established a transitory constitution (Law no. 3/74) to be used until the new constitution was approved. Election The election of the Constituent Assembly was carried out in Portugal on 25 April 1975, exactly one year after the Carnation Revolution and was the first free election in fifty years, the first in the new democratic regime created after the rev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution (), code-named Operation Historic Turn (), also known as the 25 April (), was a military coup by military officers that overthrew the Estado Novo government on 25 April 1974 in Portugal. The coup produced major social, economic, territorial, demographic, and political changes in Portugal and its overseas colonies through the Ongoing Revolutionary Process (''Processo Revolucionário em Curso''). It resulted in the Portuguese transition to democracy and the end of the Portuguese Colonial War. The revolution began as a coup organised by the Armed Forces Movement (, MFA), composed of military officers who opposed the regime, but it was soon coupled with an unanticipated popular civil resistance campaign. Negotiations with African independence movements began, and by the end of 1974, Portuguese troops were withdrawn from Portuguese Guinea, which became a UN member state as Guinea-Bissau. This was followed in 1975 by the independence of Cape Verde, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. Situated in a coastal lowland region known as the Low Countries, it is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to the south, and the North Sea to the west. Belgium covers an area of and has a population of more than 11.8 million; its population density of ranks List of countries and dependencies by population density, 22nd in the world and Area and population of European countries, sixth in Europe. The capital and Metropolitan areas in Belgium, largest metropolitan region is City of Brussels, Brussels; other major cities are Antwerp, Ghent, Charleroi, Liège, Bruges, Namur, and Leuven. Belgium is a parliamentary system, parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a complex Federation, federal system structured on regional and linguistic grounds. The country is divided into three highly autonomous Communities, regions and language areas o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rádio Portugal Livre
''Rádio Portugal Livre'' (RPL) was a radio station in Portuguese run by the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP). From 1962 until 1974 it broadcast on shortwave from Bucharest, Romania in opposition to Portugal's authoritarian '' Estado Novo'' regime. The first broadcast by RPL took place on 12 March 1962. Bucharest was chosen as its base because Romania welcomed foreign opposition movements. However, the station functioned clandestinely, often announcing that it was coming from Prague or Moscow. Some in Portugal assumed that the broadcasts came from the remote Portuguese mountain range of Serra da Estrela. These underground operations were in contrast to the PCP's ''Rádio Voz da Liberdade'', which used the facilities of Radio Algiers and freely admitted this. The station presented interviews with PCP figures, including the party's leader, Álvaro Cunhal, who was living in Moscow, and also gave full readings from the PCP newspapers Avante! and O Militante. The staff in the Buchares ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a mainly continental climate, and an area of with a population of 19 million people. Romania is the List of European countries by area, twelfth-largest country in Europe and the List of European Union member states by population, sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Europe's second-longest river, the Danube, empties into the Danube Delta in the southeast of the country. The Carpathian Mountains cross Romania from the north to the southwest and include Moldoveanu Peak, at an altitude of . Bucharest is the country's Bucharest metropolitan area, largest urban area and Economy of Romania, financial centre. Other major urban centers, urban areas include Cluj-Napoca, Timiș ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
