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Mare Australe
Mare Australe (Latin ''austrāle'' the "Southern Sea") is a lunar mare located in the southeastern hemisphere of the Moon. It is 997 kilometers in diameter, overlapping the near and far sides of the Moon. Smooth, dark volcanic basalt lines the bottom of the mare. The Australe basin was formed in the Pre-Nectarian epoch, while the mare material inside formed in the Upper Imbrian epoch. The basin was almost completely destroyed by impacts prior to the appearance of the mare. Unlike most of the lunar maria, Mare Australe has an uneven surface that is marked by a number of crater impacts. Examples of these include the craters Jenner and Lamb, which are flooded with basaltic lava much like many of the other crater features in this mare. The selenographic coordinates of this mare are 38.9° S, 93.0° E. The eastern half of the mare lies on the far side of the Moon, although it can be viewed in its entirety during periods of favorable libration. Gallery File:Mare Australe AS15-M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jenner (crater)
Jenner is a lunar crater that is located within the Mare Australe. It lies just past the southeastern limb, on the far side of the Moon, and can be viewed from the Earth during periods of favorable libration and lighting. Nearly attached to the eastern outer rim of Jenner is the larger, flooded crater Lamb. This is a nearly circular crater with a sharp but somewhat irregular edge that has not been significantly eroded. There are some terraces, particularly along the southwestern inner walls, and some slumping along the southeastern rim. The interior floor has been flooded by basaltic lava, leaving a dark, level interior. There are no breaks in the exterior rim where the lava could have entered the crater, so it was presumably flooded from below. The floor is marked only by a few tiny craterlets. Surrounding Jenner is a rampart of ejecta that extends for over a half crater diameter in some directions. Jenner is a crater of Upper (Late) Imbrian age. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Far Side (Moon)
The far side of the Moon is the hemisphere of the Moon that is facing away from Earth, the opposite hemisphere is the Near side of the Moon, near side. It always has the same surface oriented away from Earth because of synchronous rotation in the Moon's Orbit of the Moon, orbit. Compared to the near side, the far side's terrain is rugged, with a multitude of impact craters and relatively few flat and dark lunar mare, lunar maria ("seas"), giving it an appearance closer to other barren places in the Solar System such as Mercury (planet), Mercury and Callisto (moon), Callisto. It has one of the largest craters in the Solar System, the South Pole–Aitken basin. The hemisphere has sometimes been called the "Dark side of the Moon", where "dark" means "unknown" instead of "lacking sunlight" each location on the Moon experiences two weeks of sunlight while the opposite location experiences night. About 18 percent of the far side is occasionally visible from Earth due to oscillatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volcanism On The Moon
Volcanism on the Moon is represented by the presence of volcanoes, pyroclastic rock, pyroclastic deposits and vast lava plains on the lunar surface. The volcanoes are typically in the form of small domes and cones that form large volcanic complexes and isolated edifices. Calderas, large-scale collapse features generally formed late in a volcanic eruptive episode, are exceptionally rare on the Moon. Lunar pyroclastic deposits are the result of lava fountain eruptions from volatile-laden basaltic magmas rapidly ascending from deep Internal structure of the Moon, mantle sources and erupting as a spray of magma, forming tiny glass beads. However, pyroclastic deposits formed by less common non-basaltic explosive eruptions are also thought to exist on the Moon. Lunar lava plains cover large swaths of the Moon's surface and consist mainly of voluminous basaltic flows. They contain a number of volcanic features related to the cooling of lava, including lava tubes, rilles and wrinkle ridges. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apollo 14
Apollo 14 (January 31February 9, 1971) was the eighth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, the third to Moon landing, land on the Moon, and the first to land in the Geology of the Moon#Highlands, lunar highlands. It was the last of the "List of Apollo missions#Alphabetical mission types, H missions", landings at specific sites of scientific interest on the Moon for two-day stays with two lunar extravehicular activities (EVAs or moonwalks). The mission was originally scheduled for 1970, but was postponed because of the investigation following the failure of Apollo 13 to reach the Moon's surface, and the need for modifications to the spacecraft as a result. Commander Alan Shepard, Command Module Pilot Stuart Roosa, and Lunar Module Pilot Edgar Mitchell launched on their nine-day mission on Sunday, January 31, 1971, at 4:03:02 p.m. Eastern Time Zone, EST. En route to the lunar landing, the crew overcame malfunctions that might have resulted in a second consecu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gum (crater)
Gum is a lunar impact crater that is located near the southeastern limb of the Moon, and is viewed nearly from the side from Earth. It lies along the western edge of the irregular Mare Australe, to the northeast of the crater Hamilton. To the north-northwest is the larger Abel, and to the east-southeast on the far side of the Moon is Jenner. The interior floor of this crater has been completely resurfaced by lava that has entered through a break in the eastern rim. The surviving rim forms a shallow, arcing ridge about the interior. A small flooded crater lies across the southeast rim, and the remains of a small crater form an incision along the northeastern rim. The interior floor has the same low albedo as the lunar mare The lunar maria ( ; mare ) are large, dark, basaltic plains on Earth's Moon, formed by lava flowing into ancient impact basins. They are less reflective than the "highlands" as a result of their iron-rich composition, and hence appear dark to ... to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donner (crater)
Donner is a Lunar craters, lunar impact crater on the Far side (Moon), far side of the Moon. It is located just to the northeast of the Mare Australe, behind the southeastern limb of the Moon. During favorable librations this part of the lunar surface can be brought into view of the Earth, but the site is viewed from the edge and so not much detail can be seen. This crater has a moderately eroded outer rim, and several small and tiny craterlets lie along the edge. A joined pair of small craters lie across the southern rim and inner wall. An unnamed, crater-like feature with about the same diameter as Donner is attached to the northern outer rim. The structure along the inner wall has been softened and rounded by a long history of minor impacts. The interior floor is relatively level, and is pock-marked by multiple tiny craterlets. There is a curving ridge in the southern part of the floor that is attached to the inner wall, and possibly forms the remnant of a small crater rim. Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gernsback (crater)
Gernsback is a Lunar craters, lunar impact crater on the Far side (Moon), far side of the Moon. It is located in the northeastern part of the uneven Mare Australe, just behind the southeastern limb. During periods of favorable libration this feature can be brought into view of the Earth, but it is seen from the side and not much detail can be observed. It is located about a crater diameter north of the larger crater Lamb (crater), Lamb, and southwest of Parkhurst (crater), Parkhurst. The interior of this crater has been flooded by lava, leaving a level surface with a low albedo that matches the dark appearance of the lunar mare region to the south and west. The surviving rim is a slender, circular feature with some erosion along the southeastern edge. A small crater lies across the southern rim. Satellite craters By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Gernsback. References * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abel (crater)
Abel is an ancient lunar impact crater that lies near the southeast limb of the Moon's near side. It is located to the south of the crater Barnard, at the northwest edge of the Mare Australe. The rim of Abel is heavily eroded and distorted in shape, forming a somewhat polygonal figure. It is incised and overlaid by past impacts. The satellite crater Abel A overlies the southern rim, while Abel M and Abel L intrude into the western wall. The eastern floor of Abel has been resurfaced by past lava flows, leaving a relatively smooth, flat surface with a low albedo. The remains of a small crater rim protrude near the northeast wall. The western floor is rougher in texture and matches the albedo of the surrounding surface. The crater was named for the Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel Niels Henrik Abel ( , ; 5 August 1802 – 6 April 1829) was a Norwegian mathematician who made pioneering contributions in a variety of fields. His most famous single result is the firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apollo 15
Apollo 15 (July 26August 7, 1971) was the ninth crewed mission in the Apollo program and the fourth Moon landing. It was the first List of Apollo missions#Alphabetical mission types, J mission, with a longer stay on the Moon and a greater focus on science than earlier landings. Apollo 15 saw the first use of the Lunar Roving Vehicle. The mission began on July 26 and ended on August 7, with the lunar surface exploration taking place between July 30 and August 2. Apollo Commander, Commander David Scott and Lunar Module Pilot James Irwin landed near Hadley–Apennine#Rima Hadley, Hadley Rille and explored the local area using the rover, allowing them to travel further from the Apollo Lunar Module, Lunar Module than had been possible on previous missions. They spent 18 hours on the Moon's surface on four extravehicular activities (EVA), and collected of surface material. At the same time, Command Module Pilot Alfred Worden orbited the Moon, operating the sensors in the scie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libration
In lunar astronomy, libration is the cyclic variation in the apparent position of the Moon that is perceived by observers on the Earth and caused by changes between the orbital and rotational planes of the moon. It causes an observer to see slightly different hemispheres of the surface at different times. It is similar in both cause and effect to the changes in the Moon's apparent size because of changes in lunar distance (astronomy), distance. It is caused by three mechanisms detailed below, two of which cause a relatively tiny physical libration via tidal forces exerted by the Earth. Such true librations are known as well for other moons with locked rotation. The quite different phenomenon of a trojan asteroid's movement has been called ''Trojan libration'', and ''Trojan libration point'' means Lagrangian point. Lunar libration The Moon keeps one wikt:hemisphere, hemisphere of itself facing the Earth because of tidal locking. Therefore, the first view of the far side of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selenographic Coordinate
The selenographic coordinate system is used to refer to locations on the surface of Earth's moon. Any position on the lunar surface can be referenced by specifying two numerical values, which are comparable to the latitude and longitude of Earth. The longitude gives the position east or west of the Moon's prime meridian, which is the line passing from the lunar north pole through the point on the lunar surface directly facing Earth to the lunar south pole. (See also Earth's prime meridian.) This can be thought of as the midpoint of the visible Moon as seen from the Earth. The latitude gives the position north or south of the lunar equator. Both of these coordinates are given in degrees. Astronomers defined the fundamental location in the selenographic coordinate system by the small, bowl-shaped satellite crater ' Mösting A'. The coordinates of this crater are defined as: : Later, the coordinate system has become more precisely defined due to the Lunar Laser Ranging ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamb (crater)
Lamb is a lunar crater that lies beyond the southeastern limb on the Moon's far side. It is located in an irregular lunar mare region named Mare Australe, just to the east of the crater Jenner. This crater has a slender inner wall and an interior floor that has been resurfaced by basaltic lava. The rim is somewhat worn and irregular, but retains a generally circular shape and is not overlaid by any smaller craters of significance. The interior floor is marked only by a multitude of tiny craters, and a small, unnamed crater in the south-southeastern section. The exterior of the crater consists of the outer rampart and sections of rough terrain. This in turn is nearly enclosed by lava-flooded sections of the surface belonging to the Mare Australe. To the east of Lamb is Lamb G, a somewhat smaller, lava-flooded formation. The crater is named after Sir Horace Lamb, an English mathematician A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
