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Manjiljarra Sign Language
Manjiljarra (Manyjilyjarra, Mandjildjara) is one of the Wati languages The Wati languages are the dominant Pama–Nyungan languages of central Australia. They include the moribund Wanman language and the Western Desert dialect continuum, which is sometimes considered to be a dozen distinct languages. It is not cle ... of the large Pama–Nyungan family of Australia. It is sometimes counted as a dialect of the Western Desert Language, but is classified as a distinct language in Bowern. It is one of the components of the Martu Wangka koine. Sign language Most of the peoples of central Australia have (or at one point had) signed forms of their languages. Among the Western Desert peoples, sign language has been reported specifically for Manjiljarra, though it is not clear from records how well developed it was.Kendon, A. (1988) ''Sign Languages of Aboriginal Australia: Cultural, Semiotic and Communicative Perspectives.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jigalong
Jigalong is a remote Aboriginal community of approximately 333 people located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Location Jigalong is in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, approximately east of the town of Newman in the Shire of East Pilbara local government area. The community is located in an Aboriginal Lands Trust reserve on the western edge of the Little Sandy Desert.Jigalong Community Layout Plan No. 2 Planning Report & Provisions Western Australian Planning Commission, September 2005. The traditional owners of the land are the |
Western Australia
Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a total land area of . It is the second-largest country subdivision in the world, surpassed only by Russia's Sakha Republic. the state has 2.76 million inhabitants percent of the national total. The vast majority (92 percent) live in the south-west corner; 79 percent of the population lives in the Perth area, leaving the remainder of the state sparsely populated. The first Europeans to visit Western Australia belonged to the Dutch Dirk Hartog expedition, who visited the Western Australian coast in 1616. The first permanent European colony of Western Australia occurred following ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandjildjara
The Mandjildjara, also written ''Manyjilyjarra,'' are an indigenous Australian people of Western Australia. Country In Norman Tindale's estimation the Mandjildjara's lands extended over some , running along what was later known as the Canning Stock Route, from Well 30 (''Tjundu'tjundu'') to Well 38 (''Watjaparni.'') It extended southwards some 50 miles as far the Tjanbari hill, and watering places they variously called ''Kolajuru, Karukada, Keweilba, and Kunkunba.'' They roamed eastwards as far as an unidentified waterhole known as ''Ngila.'' History of contact According to Tindale, in 1964, the patrol officer, Walter MacDougall came across a group of 9 aboriginal women at a place called Imiri in the area known as Percival Lakes, who identified themselves as Mandjildjara. At the time the whole area had suffered from severe drought conditions for over a decade, leading large numbers of desert peoples, often identified generically as Pintubi, to trek or straggle eastwards to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandjindja
The Mandjindja or Mantjintjarra are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Australia belonging to the Western Desert cultural bloc. Country According to Norman Tindale's estimate, the Mandjindja's territory extended over roughly , in the sandhill terrain south of the Warburton Range, from a place called ''Papakula''. Their western extension went as far as the Gillen and Throssell lakes. Their southern boundaries lay around Amy Rocks and the Saunders Range. Their eastern confines; lay around Lengama, identified provisorily as somewhere possibly east of the Sydney Yeo Chasm. They took in also ''Wardadikanja'' in the southeast. Language The language of the Mandjindja people is the Mandjindja language. Native title claim The Mandjindja and Ngalia sought recognition of their inherent land rights through the native title claim process in the Federal Court of Australia. A 1996 claim was dismissed. In March 2009 the Mantjintjarra Ngalia claim came a step closer to recognit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pama–Nyungan Languages
The Pama–Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian Aboriginal languages, containing 306 out of 400 Aboriginal languages in Australia. The name "Pama–Nyungan" is a merism: it derived from the two end-points of the range: the Pama languages of northeast Australia (where the word for "man" is ) and the Nyungan languages of southwest Australia (where the word for "man" is ). The other language families indigenous to the continent of Australia are occasionally referred to, by exclusion, as non-Pama–Nyungan languages, though this is not a taxonomic term. The Pama–Nyungan family accounts for most of the geographic spread, most of the Aboriginal population, and the greatest number of languages. Most of the Pama–Nyungan languages are spoken by small ethnic groups of hundreds of speakers or fewer. The vast majority of languages, either due to disease or elimination of their speakers, have become extinct, and almost all remaining ones are endangered in so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wati Languages
The Wati languages are the dominant Pama–Nyungan languages of central Australia. They include the moribund Wanman language and the Western Desert dialect continuum, which is sometimes considered to be a dozen distinct languages. It is not clear whether Antakarinya is Warnman or Western Desert. Bowern (2011) adds Ngardi The Ngardi, also spelled Ngarti, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory and Western Australia. Name and grouping Arthur Capell took the term ''Ngardi'' to refer, not to a distinct tribe, but to a branch of the Warlpiri, a ...,Bowern, Claire. 2011.How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?, ''Anggarrgoon: Australian languages on the web'', December 23, 2011correctedFebruary 6, 2012) which had previously been classified as Ngumpin–Yapa. Wati is generally included in Southwest Pama–Nyungan by those who accept that proposal. However, SW Pama–Nyungan may be an areal group, and is not included in Bowern (2011). References {{ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martu Wangka Dialect
Martu Wangka, or Wangkatjunga (Wangkajunga), is a variety of the Western Desert language that emerged during the 20th century in Western Australia as several indigenous communities shifted from their respective territories to form a single community. Traditionally, its speakers live in territory that is part of the Great Sandy Desert and near the Canning Stock Route, as well as Christmas Creek and Fitzroy Crossing. These are areas that are considered deserts but have many water holes that speakers travel between. There are an estimated 1,080 speakers of Martu Wangka in various communities across the Western Desert region. The largest of these communities is estimated at 100 speakers, while some of the smallest communities have as few as 15 speakers. While older speakers continue to use Martu Wangka as their primary language, younger speakers tend to understand Martu Wangka but use different languages in their daily lives. For example, many younger speakers primarily use an Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manually Coded Language
Manually coded languages (MCLs) are a family of gestural communication methods which include gestural spelling as well as constructed languages which directly interpolate the grammar and syntax of oral languages in a gestural-visual form—that is, signed versions of oral languages. Unlike the sign languages that have evolved naturally in deaf communities, these manual codes are the conscious invention of deaf and hearing educators, and as such lack the distinct spatial structures present in native deaf sign languages. MCLs mostly follow the grammar of the oral language—or, more precisely, of the written form of the oral language that they interpolate. They have been mainly used in deaf education in an effort to "represent English on the hands" and by sign language interpreters in K-12 schools, although they have had some influence on deaf sign languages where their implementation was widespread. History It is unknown when the first attempts were made to represent an oral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
