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Mana Motuhake
Mana Māori Motuhake was a Māori political party in New Zealand from 1980 to 2005. The name is difficult to translate accurately, but essentially refers to Māori self-rule and self-determination — , in this context, can be understood as "authority" or "power", while can be understood as "independent" or "separate". The purpose of the party was to unify Māori to gain 'political potency'. From 1991 to 2002, the party participated in the left-wing Alliance. History Early years Mana Motuhake was formed in 1980 by Matiu Rata, a former Labour Party member of parliament who had served as Minister of Māori Affairs in the third Labour government (1972–1975). Rata had grown increasingly dissatisfied with Labour Party policy. Eventually deciding that Māori needed an independent voice, he announced his intention to resign from Labour on 6 November 1979. He announced that he would promote a movement based on "''mana Māori motuhake''". At Easter 1980, he launched the Mana Mot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Māori Rights
Māori or Maori can refer to: Relating to the Māori people * Māori people of New Zealand, or members of that group * Māori language, the language of the Māori people of New Zealand * Māori culture * Cook Islanders, the Māori people of the Cook Islands * Cook Islands Māori, the language of the Cook Islanders Ships * SS ''Maori'' (1893), a steamship of the Shaw Savill Line, shipwrecked 1909 * , a Royal Navy Tribal-class destroyer, sunk in 1915 * , a Royal Navy Tribal-class destroyer, launched 1936 and sunk 1942 * TEV ''Maori III'', a Union Steam Ship Company inter-island ferry, 1952–74 Sports teams * New Zealand Māori cricket team * New Zealand Māori rugby league team * New Zealand Māori rugby union team Other * ''Maori'', a 1988 novel by Alan Dean Foster * Mayotte Mayotte ( ; , ; , ; , ), officially the Department of Mayotte (), is an Overseas France, overseas Overseas departments and regions of France, department and region and single territorial collecti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1984 New Zealand General Election
The 1984 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the composition of the 41st New Zealand Parliament. It marked the beginning of the Fourth Labour Government, with David Lange's Labour Party defeating the long-serving Prime Minister, Robert Muldoon, of the National Party. It was also the last election in which the Social Credit Party won seats as an independent entity. The election was also the only one in which the New Zealand Party, a protest party, played any substantial role. A snap election, Muldoon called for it a month prior. When doing so he was both live on television and visibly drunk, leading to the election being dubbed the "schnapps election". Background Before the election, the National Party governed with 47 seats, a small majority. The opposition Labour Party held 43 seats, and the Social Credit Party held two. Although National theoretically commanded a two-seat lead over the other parties, dissent within the National caucus (partic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1996 New Zealand General Election
The 1996 New Zealand general election was held on 12 October 1996 to determine the composition of the 45th New Zealand Parliament. It was significant for being the first election to be held under the new mixed-member proportional (MMP) electoral system, and produced a parliament considerably more diverse than previous elections. Under the new MMP system, 65 members were elected in single-member districts by first-past-the-post voting (including five Māori electorates), while a further 55 "top-up" members were allocated from closed lists to achieve a proportional distribution based on each party's share of the nationwide party vote. 1996 saw the National Party, led by Jim Bolger, retain its position in government, but only after protracted negotiations with the smaller New Zealand First party to form a coalition. New Zealand First won 17 seats—including sweeping every single Māori electorate, all of which had been dominated by the Labour Party since the Second World War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mixed Member Proportional
Mixed-member proportional representation (MMP or MMPR) is a type of representation provided by some mixed electoral systems which combine local winner-take-all elections with a compensatory tier with party lists, in a way that produces proportional representation overall. Like proportional representation, MMP is not a single system, but a principle and goal of several similar systems. Some systems designed to achieve proportionality are still called mixed-member proportional, even if they generally fall short of full proportionality. In this case, they provide semi-proportional representation. In typical MMP systems, voters get two votes: one to decide the representative for their single-seat constituency, and one for a political party, but some countries use single vote variants. Seats in the legislature are filled first by the successful constituency candidates, and second, by party candidates based on the percentage of nationwide or region-wide votes that each party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandra Lee-Vercoe
Sandra Rose Te Hakamatua Lee-Vercoe (born 8 August 1952) is a former New Zealand politician and diplomat. She served as deputy leader (and briefly leader) of the Alliance party and was later High Commissioner to Niue. Early life Lee was born in Wellington to an English Romani father and a Māori mother, and grew up in a two bedroom Māori Affairs house with her parents, grandfather and great grandfather. She was educated at Onslow College. Lee later moved to Auckland, settling on Waiheke Island. Her involvement in politics began with the foundation of Mana Motuhake, a Māori issues party, in 1979. Her political career, however, did not begin until 1983, with her election to the Waiheke County Council. She became chairperson of the Council in 1989. When Waiheke was amalgamated into Auckland proper, Lee became a member of the Auckland City Council. Lee connects to Poutini Ngāi Tahu, Ngāti Kahungunu and Ngāti Toa. Member of Parliament In 1991, Lee became presid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1993 New Zealand General Election
The 1993 New Zealand general election was held on 6 November 1993 to determine the composition of the 44th New Zealand Parliament. Voters elected 99 members to the House of Representatives, up from 97 members at the 1990 election. The election was held concurrently with an electoral reform referendum to replace the first-past-the-post system, with all members elected from single-member electorates, with mixed-member proportional representation. It saw the governing National Party, led by Jim Bolger, win a second term in office, despite a major swing away from National in both seats and votes, and the carrying of the referendum by 53.9% to 46.1%. Having broken electoral campaign promises and embarked on supply-side economics and wide-sweeping cuts during his first term, Bolger led the most unpopular government since the Great Depression.''Frontline'', TVNZ 1, 27 October 1993. Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9KqjmvaTu4&t=1091s The neoliberal actions of Ruth Richardson, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandra Lee In QE2 Square Before Elections
Sandra or SANDRA may refer to: People * Sandra (given name) * Sandra (singer) (born 1962), German pop singer * Margaretha Sandra (1629–1674), Dutch soldier * Sandra (orangutan), who won the legal right to be defined as a "non-human person" Places * Șandra, a commune in Timiș County, Romania * Şandra, a village in Beltiug Commune, Satu Mare County, Romania * Sandra, Estonia, a village * 1760 Sandra, an asteroid Other uses * "Sandra" (song), a 1975 song by Barry Manilow * "Sandra", song by Idle Eyes, 1986 * ''Sandra'' (1924 film), a lost drama film * ''Sandra'' (1965 film), an Italian film * SANDRA (research project), part of the European Union's Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development * Tropical Storm Sandra, several tropical cyclones * ''Sandra'' (podcast), a scripted fiction podcast starring Kristen Wiig and Alia Shawkat See also * Sandro (other) * Sandara Park Sandara Park (; born November 12, 1984), known mononymously as Dara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mana Māori Movement
The Mana Māori Movement was a New Zealand political party. It advocated on behalf of the Māori people. It was founded by Eva Rickard, a Māori activist. Rickard was originally a member of Mana Motuhake, another Māori party, but quit when Mana Motuhake joined the Alliance (a broad left-wing coalition). Rickard, believing that an independent Māori party was needed, founded Mana Māori in 1993. The party contested the with 18 list candidates, and got 4070 votes (0.20%). Rickard's daughter, Angeline Greensill later took over co-leadership of the Mana Māori Movement, the largest wholly Māori party contesting the 2002 New Zealand general election, and incorporated the smaller Te Tawharau and Piri Wiri Tua parties, but did not win any seats. The party received only 4,980 votes (0.25%) in 2002. The emergence of the new Māori Party, founded by sitting MP Tariana Turia Dame Tariana Turia (née Woon; 8 April 1944 – 3 January 2025) was a New Zealand Māori protest move ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eva Rickard
Tuaiwa Hautai "Eva" Rickard ( Kereopa; 19 April 1925 – 6 December 1997) was a New Zealand activism, activist for Māori people, Māori land law, land rights and for women's rights within Māoridom. Her methods included public civil disobedience and she is best known for leading the occupation of the Raglan golf course in the 1970s. Biography Tuaiwa Hautai Kereopa was born at Te Kōpua, Raglan, New Zealand, Raglan on 19 April 1925. She was the eighth of 15 children born to Riria Rāpana and Honehone Kereopa. She attended Raglan Primary School where she was given the English name 'Eva' and was forbidden from speaking te reo Māori. Eva Rickard was most notably regarded for her decade long, very public civil disobedience campaigns to have ancestral lands alongside Raglan harbour returned to the local tribes and Māori people, Māori ''Mana (Oceanian mythology), mana'' (power, effectiveness) and culture recognised. During the Second World War, the New Zealand Government took land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The New Zealand Herald
''The New Zealand Herald'' is a daily newspaper published in Auckland, New Zealand, owned by New Zealand Media and Entertainment, and considered a newspaper of record for New Zealand. It has the largest newspaper circulation in New Zealand, peaking at over 200,000 copies in 2006, although circulation of the daily ''Herald'' had declined to 100,073 copies on average by September 2019. The ''Herald''s publications include a daily paper; the ''Weekend Herald'', a weekly Saturday paper; and the ''Herald on Sunday'', which has 365,000 readers nationwide. The ''Herald on Sunday'' is the most widely read Sunday paper in New Zealand. The paper's website, nzherald.co.nz, is viewed 2.2 million times a week and was named Voyager Media Awards' News Website of the Year in 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023. In 2023, the ''Weekend Herald'' was awarded Weekly Newspaper of the Year and the publication's mobile application was the News App of the Year. Its main circulation area is the Auckland R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Zealand Democratic Party
The New Zealand Social Credit Party (sometimes called "Socred") was a political party that was New Zealand's Third party (politics), third party from the 1950s to the 1980s. It won representation in the New Zealand House of Representatives, holding one seat at times between 1966 and 1981, and two seats from 1981 to 1987. While Social Credit once had significant support, particularly as a protest vote, it was disadvantaged by first-past-the-post voting as it had no geographically concentrated vote. Its most identifiable leaders were Vernon Cracknell (1963-70), who served just one term in parliament, and the household name Bruce Beetham, who rebuilt the party into a significant political force. At its zenith under Beetham in 1981, Social Credit achieved 20.7% of the vote. The party held no seats in its own right after 1987 and subsequently declined. It was named the New Zealand Democratic Party from 1985 to 2018, and was part of the Alliance (New Zealand political party), Allianc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green Party Of Aotearoa New Zealand
The Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand (), commonly known as Green or the Greens, is a Green politics, green List of political parties in New Zealand, political party in New Zealand. Like many green parties around the world, it has four pillars (Ecosophy, ecological wisdom, social justice, grassroots democracy, and nonviolence). The party's ideology combines environmentalism with Social democracy, social democratic economic policies, including well-funded and locally controlled public services within the confines of a steady-state economy. Internationally, it is affiliated with the Global Greens. The Green Party traces its origins to the Values Party, founded in 1972 as the world's first national-level environmentalist party. The current Green Party was formed in 1990. From 1991 to 1997, the party participated in the Alliance (New Zealand political party), Alliance, a grouping of five left-wing parties. It gained representation in Parliament at the 1996 New Zealand general elec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
