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Lyssacinosa
Lyssacinosida is an order of glass sponges belonging to the subclass Hexasterophora. These sponges can be recognized by the parenchymal spicule Spicules are any of various small needle-like anatomical structures occurring in organisms Spicule may also refer to: *Spicule (sponge), small skeletal elements of sea sponges *Spicule (nematode), reproductive structures found in male nematodes ( ...s usually being unconnected, unlike in other sponges in the subclass where the spicules form a more or less tightly connected skeleton. Sources Identification key for Lyssacinosa Hexactinellida Sponge orders {{sponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hexasterophora
Hexasterophora are a subclass of sponges, in the class Hexactinellida. The Hexasterophora first appeared in the Ordovician and is separated into five recent orders, including the Lyssacinosa, the Hexactinosa, and the Lychniscosa, all of which have living representatives in the seas today. Hexasterophorans have skeletons composed of overlapping six-rayed spicules. The sponge is commonly firmly attached by its base to a hard substratum; less often rooted by the anchoring spicules and rarely inserted directly into the loose bottom sediments. The three groups are differentiated by the extent of fusion of adjacent spicules. The Lyssacinosa, Hexactinosa, and Lychniscosa appear sequentially in the fossil record. The least fused group, the Lyssacinosa, appears in the Ordovician, while the intermediate group, the Hexactinosa is known from the Devonian. Finally, the Lychniscosa, with the most tightly interlocking spicules is first found in rocks of Triassic The Triassic ( ) is a g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euplectellidae
Euplectellidae is a family of glass sponges (Hexactinellids) belonging to the order Lyssacinosa Lyssacinosida is an order of glass sponges belonging to the subclass Hexasterophora. These sponges can be recognized by the parenchymal spicule Spicules are any of various small needle-like anatomical structures occurring in organisms Spicule ..., first represented in the Ordovician fossil record, substantially older than molecular estimates of the clade's age. Taxonomies According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) the family includes the following subfamilies and genera: Subfamily Bolosominae Tabachnick, 2002 * '' Advhena'' Castello-Branco, Collins & Hajdu, 2020 * '' Amphidiscella'' Tabachnick & Lévi, 1997 * '' Amphoreus'' Reiswig & Kelly, 2018 * '' Bolosoma'' Ijima, 1904 * '' Caulocalyx'' Schulze, 1886 * '' Hyalostylus'' Schulze, 1886 * '' Neocaledoniella'' Tabachnick & Lévi, 2004 * '' Rhizophyta'' Shen, Dohrmann, Zhang, Lu & Wang, 2019 * '' Saccocalyx'' Sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leucopsacidae
Leucopsacidae is a family of glass sponges belonging to the order Lyssacinosa Lyssacinosida is an order of glass sponges belonging to the subclass Hexasterophora. These sponges can be recognized by the parenchymal spicule Spicules are any of various small needle-like anatomical structures occurring in organisms Spicule .... References External links * * Hexactinellida Sponge families {{sponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rossellidae
Rossellidae is a family of glass sponges belonging to the order Lyssacinosa. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution and is found at a large range of depths (, and likely deeper). Description The body is usually a cup-like structure. In stalked forms the body can be mushroom-like. Spicules protruding beyond the sponge surface, when present, are diactines (spicules with two pointed arms) or specialised outwardly protruding hypodermal pentactines (five pointed spicules). The choanosomal skeleton consists of diactines, sometimes together with less frequent hexactines (spicules with six prongs). A large variety of microscleres occur in this family, including a variety of holactinoidal and asterous spicules. Subfamilies and genera , WoRMS recognizes three subfamilies and twenty-six genera in the family: * Subfamily Acanthascinae ** Acanthascus ** Rhabdocalyptus ** Staurocalyptus ''Staurocalyptus'' is a genus of sponge. It was circumscribed in 1897 by Isao Ijima. Tax ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aulocalycidae
Aulocalycidae is a family of sponges belonging to the order Lyssacinosida. Genera: * '' Aulocalyx'' Schulze, 1886 * '' Aarlsbergia'' Gaudin, 2019 * '' Ayathella'' Schmidt, 1880 * '' Auryplegma'' Schulze, 1886 * '' Ajimadictyum'' Mehl, 1992 * '' Andiella'' Sautya, Tabachnick & Ingole, 2011 * '' Aeioplegma'' Reiswig & Tsurumi, 1996 * '' Aolygonatium'' Schrammen, 1936 * '' Ahabdodictyum'' Schmidt, 1880 * '' Ahabdodictyum'' Zittel, 1883 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q4128870 Sponges ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glass Sponge
Hexactinellid sponges are sponges with a skeleton made of four- and/or six-pointed siliceous spicules, often referred to as glass sponges. They are usually classified along with other sponges in the phylum Porifera, but some researchers consider them sufficiently distinct to deserve their own phylum, Symplasma. Some experts believe glass sponges are thlongest-lived animals on earth these scientists tentatively estimate a maximum age of up to 15,000 years. Biology Glass sponges are relatively uncommon and are mostly found at depths from below the sea level. Although the species '' Oopsacas minuta'' has been found in shallow water, others have been found much deeper. They are found in all oceans of the world, although they are particularly common in Antarctic and Northern Pacific waters. They are more-or-less cup-shaped animals, ranging from in height, with sturdy lattice-like internal skeletons made up of fused spicules of silica. The body is relatively symmetrical, with a larg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parenchymal
Parenchyma () is the bulk of functional substance in an animal organ or structure such as a tumour. In zoology it is the name for the tissue that fills the interior of flatworms. Etymology The term ''parenchyma'' is New Latin from the word παρέγχυμα ''parenchyma'' meaning 'visceral flesh', and from παρεγχεῖν ''parenchyma'' meaning 'to pour in' from παρα- ''para-'' 'beside' + ἐν ''en-'' 'in' + χεῖν ''chyma'' 'to pour'. Originally, Erasistratus and other anatomists used it to refer to certain human tissues. Later, it was also applied to plant tissues by Nehemiah Grew. Structure The parenchyma is the ''functional'' parts of an organ, or of a structure such as a tumour in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the ''structural'' tissue of organs or of structures, namely, the connective tissues. Brain The brain parenchyma refers to the functional tissue in the brain that is made up of the two types of brain cell, neurons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spicule (sponge)
Spicules are structural elements found in most sponges. The meshing of many spicules serves as the sponge's skeleton and thus it provides structural support and potentially defense against predators. Sponge spicules are made of calcium carbonate or silica. Large spicules visible to the naked eye are referred to as megascleres, while smaller, microscopic ones are termed microscleres. The composition, size, and shape of spicules are major characters in sponge systematics and taxonomy. Overview Sponges are a species-rich clade of the earliest-diverging (most basal) animals. They are distributed globally, with diverse ecologies and functions, and a record spanning at least the entire Phanerozoic. Most sponges produce skeletons formed by spicules, structural elements that develop in a wide variety of sizes and three dimensional shapes. Among the four sub-clades of Porifera, three ( Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, and Homoscleromorpha) produce skeletons of amorphous sil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hexactinellida
Hexactinellid sponges are sponges with a skeleton made of four- and/or six-pointed siliceous spicules, often referred to as glass sponges. They are usually classified along with other sponges in the phylum Porifera, but some researchers consider them sufficiently distinct to deserve their own phylum, Symplasma. Some experts believe glass sponges are thlongest-lived animals on earth these scientists tentatively estimate a maximum age of up to 15,000 years. Biology Glass sponges are relatively uncommon and are mostly found at depths from below the sea level. Although the species '' Oopsacas minuta'' has been found in shallow water, others have been found much deeper. They are found in all oceans of the world, although they are particularly common in Antarctic and Northern Pacific waters. They are more-or-less cup-shaped animals, ranging from in height, with sturdy lattice-like internal skeletons made up of fused spicules of silica. The body is relatively symmetrical, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
