Llanfrechfa Lower
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Llanfrechfa Lower
Llanfrechfa Lower was a civil parish in Monmouthshire and from 1974 a community in the district of Torfaen. It was also an electoral ward to Gwent County Council. Between 1889 and 1974 the civil parish was represented at the local level by Llanfrechfa Lower Parish Council. This became Llanfrechfa Lower Community Council from 1 April 1974. The civil parish (and later community) lay to the east of Cwmbran and centred on the village of Llanfrechfa. Llanfrechfa Lower was an electoral ward to Gwent County Council between 1973 and 1989, electing two county councillors. The community was disestablished from 1 April 1985 by ''The Torfaen (Communities) Order 1985'', which created a larger number of communities for Torfaen. Llanfrechfa Lower was divided into Croesyceiliog Croesyceiliog (, ''Cockerel's Cross'') is a suburb of Cwmbran, Wales. Housing Croesyceiliog is primarily a residential district and contains a wide variety of housing from Victorian terraces and even older Welsh co ...
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Monmouthshire (historic)
, Status= Historic county Ceremonial county (until 1974) Administrative county (1889–1974) , Start= 1535 , Origin= Laws in Wales Act 1535 , Motto= Faithful to both (Utrique Fidelis) , Image= Flag adopted in 2011 , Map= , HQ= Monmouth and Newport , Replace= Gwent, Mid Glamorgan, South Glamorgan , Arms= ''Coat of arms of Monmouthshire County Council'' , Government= Monmouthshire County Council (1889–1974)Newport County Borough Council (1891–1974)Cardiff County Borough Council (part) (1938–1974) , Code= MON , CodeName= Chapman code , PopulationFirst= 98,130Vision of Britain 1831 Census/ref> , PopulationFirstYear= 1831 , AreaFirst= , AreaFirstYear= 1831 , DensityFirst= 0.3/acre , DensityFirstYear= 1831 , PopulationSecond= ...
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Community (Wales)
A community ( cy, cymuned) is a division of land in Wales that forms the lowest tier of local government in Wales. Welsh communities are analogous to civil parishes in England. There are 878 communities in Wales. History Until 1974 Wales was divided into civil parishes. These were abolished by section 20 (6) of the Local Government Act 1972, and replaced by communities by section 27 of the same Act. The principal areas of Wales are divided entirely into communities. Unlike in England, where unparished areas exist, no part of Wales is outside a community, even in urban areas. Most, but not all, communities are administered by community councils, which are equivalent to English parish councils in terms of their powers and the way they operate. Welsh community councils may call themselves town councils unilaterally and may have city status granted by the Crown. In Wales, all town councils are community councils. There are now three communities with city status: Bangor, St ...
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Torfaen
Torfaen (; cy, Torfaen ) is a county borough in the south-east of Wales. Torfaen is bordered by the county of Monmouthshire to the east, the city of Newport to the south, and the county boroughs of Caerphilly and Blaenau Gwent to the south-west and north-west. It is within the boundaries of the historic county of Monmouthshire, and between 1974 and 1996 was a district of Gwent, until it was reconstituted as a principal area in 1996. Etymology Torfaen (meaning "breaker of stones") is an old name for the river – today called Afon Lwyd ("grey river") – which flows through the county borough from its source north of Blaenavon southward through Abersychan, Pontypool, and Cwmbran. The last three towns mentioned are a contiguous urban area. History The borough was formed in 1974 as a local government district of Gwent. It covered the whole area of three former districts and two parishes from another two districts, which were all abolished at the same time: * Blaenavon U ...
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Electoral Ward
A ward is a local authority area, typically used for electoral purposes. In some countries, wards are usually named after neighbourhoods, thoroughfares, parishes, landmarks, geographical features and in some cases historical figures connected to the area (e.g. William Morris Ward in the London Borough of Waltham Forest, England). It is common in the United States for wards to simply be numbered. Origins The word “ward”, for an electoral subdivision, appears to have originated in the Wards of the City of London, where gatherings for each ward known as “wardmotes” have taken place since the 12th century. The word was much later applied to divisions of other cities and towns in England and Wales and Ireland. In parts of northern England, a ''ward'' was an administrative subdivision of a county, very similar to a hundred in other parts of England. Present day In Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States, wards are ...
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Gwent County Council
Gwent County Council ( cy, Cyngor Sir Gwent) was the upper-tier local authority that governed the county of Gwent in South Wales from its creation in 1974 to its abolition in 1996. For most of its existence, the county council was based in Cwmbran. History Gwent County Council was created on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972. It took over the geographical area and main roles of the previous councils, Monmouthshire County Council (1889–1974) and Newport County Borough Council (1891–1974), subject to some boundary changes along the western border. Five district councils provided a second tier of government, namely Blaenau Gwent, Islwyn, Monmouth, Newport and Torfaen. Political control The first election to the county council was held on 12 April 1973, initially operating as a shadow authority alongside the outgoing authorities until it came into its powers on 1 April 1974. Political control of the council from 1974 until its abolition in 1996 was held by t ...
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Cwmbran
Cwmbran ( ; cy, Cwmbrân , also in use as an alternative spelling in English) is a town in the county borough of Torfaen in South Wales. Lying within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire, Cwmbran was designated as a New Town in 1949 to provide new employment opportunities in the south eastern portion of the South Wales Coalfield. Geography Comprising the villages of Old Cwmbran, Pontnewydd, Upper Cwmbran, Henllys, Croesyceiliog, Llantarnam and Llanyrafon, its population had grown to 48,535 by 2011. This makes it the sixth largest urban area in Wales. Sitting as it does at the corner of the South Wales Coalfield, it has a hilly aspect to its western and northern edges, with the surrounding hills climbing to over . The Afon Llwyd forms the major river valley, although the most significant water course is probably the remains of the Monmouthshire & Brecon Canal. To the east of Cwmbran the land is less hilly, forming part of the Usk valley. Etymology The name of the t ...
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The National Archives (United Kingdom)
, type = Non-ministerial department , seal = , nativename = , logo = Logo_of_The_National_Archives_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg , logo_width = 150px , logo_caption = , formed = , preceding1 = , dissolved = , superseding = , jurisdiction = England and Wales, HM Government , headquarters = Kew, Richmond, Greater London TW9 4DU , region_code = GB , coordinates = , employees = 679 , budget = £43.9 million (2009–2010) , minister1_name = Michelle Donelan , minister1_pfo = Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport , minister2_name = TBC , minister2_pfo = Parliamentary Under Secretary of State , chief1_name = Jeff James , chief1_position = Chief Executive and Keeper of the Public Records , chief2_name = , chief2_position = , chief3_name = , chief3_position = , chief4_name = , chief4_position = , chief5_name = , chief5_position = , agency_type = , chief6_name = , chief6_position = , chief7_name = , chief7_position ...
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Plymouth University
The University of Plymouth is a public research university based predominantly in Plymouth, England, where the main campus is located, but the university has campuses and affiliated colleges across South West England. With students, it is the largest in the United Kingdom by total number of students (including the Open University). It has 2,915 staff. History The university was originally founded as thPlymouth School of Navigation in 1862, before becoming a university college in 1920 and a polytechnic institute in 1970, with its constituent bodies being Plymouth Polytechnic, Rolle College in Exmouth, the Exeter College of Art and Design (which were, before April 1989, run by Devon County Council) and Seale-Hayne College (which before April 1989 was an independent charity). It was renamed Polytechnic South West in 1989, a move that was unpopular with students as the name lacked identity. It was the only polytechnic to be renamed and remained as "PSW" until gaining unive ...
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Croesyceiliog
Croesyceiliog (, ''Cockerel's Cross'') is a suburb of Cwmbran, Wales. Housing Croesyceiliog is primarily a residential district and contains a wide variety of housing from Victorian terraces and even older Welsh cottages to property built between 1930 and 1970 and newer developments within the area. Most of the housing was built in the 1950s and 1960s as part of the development of Cwmbran New Town. Facilities The former Gwent County Hall was located in Croesyceiliog. Until 2012 it provided the main administrative base for Monmouthshire County Council (even though it was outside that administrative area) and Gwent Police, and some offices for Torfaen County Borough Council. The demolition of the premises was required as a result of concrete cancer, and took place in 2013. There are shops, takeaways, pubs, hairdressers and a doctors' surgery in the main shopping areas of Edlogan Square, the Highway and North Road. There are two schools, Croesyceiliog Comprehensive Scho ...
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Llanyrafon
Llanyrafon is a suburb of Cwmbran and a community in the county borough of Torfaen in south east Wales. It lies within the boundaries of the historic county of Monmouthshire and the preserved county of Gwent. Etymology Sometimes written on old maps and documents as ''Lan-yr-avon'', ''Llan-yr-avon'', or ''Llanyravon'', the name literally translates as "Church by the River". However, ''Llan'' meaning "Church"' is usually followed by a saint's name, and the resulting name is usually associated with a parish church. Neither is true for ''Llanyrafon'', so the older meaning of ''Llan'' as "an enclosed piece of land" may apply. Llan means an enclosed parcel of land belonging to a church though a church may not necessarily have been present on the land as for instance in the case of Llandaff. In which the Daff part refers to the river Taff. Such could apply to llanyrafon.Phil Carradice https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/wales/entries/47c90ff0-7e9f-4666-a0a1-45e113945402 Location Llanyr ...
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Ponthir
Ponthir ( cy, Pont-hir) is a village and community at the south-west of the county borough of Torfaen on the boundary of the counties of Monmouthshire and Newport. It is approximately six miles from Newport city centre and 3½ miles from Cwmbran, lying between the settlements of Caerleon and Llanfrechfa. Etymology The Welsh language placename indicates the correct pronunciation; i.e. saying the 't' and 'h' separately. The name first appeared in print as ''Pontheere'' in 1605 and again as ''Pont hir'' in 1677. The name means 'long (''hir'') bridge (''pont'')' and refers to a previous bridge over the Afon Lwyd, the present one having been built in 1800. History and amenities Ponthir is primarily a residential area, with several new housing estates around the older village. It has a primary school, (Ponthir Church in Wales Primary School) which was for some time under threat of closure but was reprieved, and it now has the best SATs results in Torfaen. It also changed its ca ...
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Former Communities Of Wales
A former is an object, such as a template, gauge or cutting die, which is used to form something such as a boat's hull. Typically, a former gives shape to a structure that may have complex curvature. A former may become an integral part of the finished structure, as in an aircraft fuselage, or it may be removable, being using in the construction process and then discarded or re-used. Aircraft formers Formers are used in the construction of aircraft fuselage, of which a typical fuselage has a series from the nose to the empennage, typically perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft. The primary purpose of formers is to establish the shape of the fuselage and reduce the column length of stringers to prevent instability. Formers are typically attached to longerons, which support the skin of the aircraft. The "former-and-longeron" technique (also called stations and stringers) was adopted from boat construction, and was typical of light aircraft built until the ...
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