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Les Autres
Les Autres sport classification is system used in disability sport for people with locomotor disabilities not included in other classification systems for people with physical disabilities. The purpose of this system is to facilitate fair competition between people with different types of disabilities, and to give credibility to disability sports. It was designed and managed by International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD) until the 2005 merger with IWAS, when management switched to that organization. Classification is handled on the national level by relevant sport organizations. Designed as a catchall classification system for people with locomotor disabilities, people with a variety of different disabilities are included in the classification system. These include different limb length, polio sequela, Gullian's Syndrome, some types of cerebral palsy, some spinal conditions related to polio, osteogenesis imperfecta and junior rheumatoid arthritis. It does not incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Sports Organization For The Disabled
The International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS) is an international sports organisation that governs sports for athletes with physical impairments. IWAS is a registered charity with its headquarters located at Aylesbury College in Buckinghamshire. It is the international governing body for the Paralympic sport of wheelchair fencing as well as the developing sport of Power hockey. IWAS has over 60 member nations and it provides support for sporting opportunities across the world. IWAS acts as a multi-sport competition organiser for the IWAS World Games and IWAS Under 23 World Games. History The International Stoke Mandeville Games were the forerunner of the Paralympic Games and followed the vision of their creator and founder, Sir Ludwig Guttmann. IWAS was formed in 2005 following a merger of the International Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair Sports Federation (ISMWSF) (which was formerly known as the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMGF)) an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedreich's Ataxia
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA or FA) is an autosomal-recessive genetic disease that causes difficulty walking, a loss of sensation in the arms and legs, and impaired speech that worsens over time. Symptoms generally start between 5 and 20 years of age. Many develop hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and require a mobility aid such as a cane, walker, or wheelchair in their teens. As the disease progresses, some affected people lose their sight and hearing. Other complications may include scoliosis and diabetes mellitus. The condition is caused by mutations in the ''FXN'' gene on chromosome 9, which makes a protein called frataxin. In FRDA, cells produce less frataxin. Degeneration of nerve tissue in the spinal cord causes the ataxia; particularly affected are the sensory neurons essential for directing muscle movement of the arms and legs through connections with the cerebellum. The spinal cord becomes thinner, and nerve cells lose some myelin sheath. No effective treatment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amputee Sports Classification
Amputee sports classification is a disability specific sport classification used for disability sports to facilitate fair competition among people with different types of amputations. This classification was set up by International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD), and is currently managed by IWAS who ISOD merged with in 2005. Several sports have sport specific governing bodies managing classification for amputee sportspeople. Classification for amputee athletes began in the 1950s and 1960s. By the early 1970s, it was formalized with 27 different classes. This was reduced to 12 in 1976, and then down to 9 in 1992 ahead of the Barcelona Paralympics. By the 1990s, a number of sports had developed their own classification systems that in some cases were not compatible with the ISOD system. This included swimming, table tennis and equestrian as they tried to integrate multiple types of disabilities in their sports. Amputee sportspeople have specific challenges that diffe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wheelchair Sport Classification
Wheelchair sport classification is a system designed to allow fair competition between people of different disabilities, and minimize the impact of a person's specific disability on the outcome of a competition. Wheelchair sports is associated with spinal cord injuries, and includes a number of different types of disabilities including paraplegia, quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome and spina bifida. The disability must meet minimal body function impairment requirements.Some wheelchair sports are open to people with disabilities other than spinal cord injuries. These include Impaired muscle power, Athetosis, impaired passive range of movement, Hypertonia, limb deficiency, Ataxia and leg length difference. Many of these are covered by Les Autres sports classification, Cerebral Palsy sports classification and amputee sport classification. These are discussed on those specific pages or on sport specific classification articles. Wheelchair sport and sport for people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
S4 (classification)
S4, SB3, SM4 are disability swimming classifications used for categorising swimmers based on their level of disability. Swimmers in this class have coordination problems affecting all four of their limbs, or have movement in their arms but no trunk or leg function. They also generally have weakness in their hands and arms. A variety of disabilities are represented by this class including people with quadriplegia from spinal cord injury or similar. Events this class can participate in include 50m and 100m Freestyle, 200m Freestyle, 50m Backstroke, 50m Butterfly, 50m Breaststroke, and 150m Individual Medley events. The class competes at the Paralympic Games. Sport This classification is for swimming. In the classification title, S represents Freestyle, Backstroke and Butterfly strokes. SB means breaststroke. SM means individual medley. Swimming classifications are on a gradient, with one being the most severely physically impaired to ten having the least amount of physical di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
T40 (classification)
T40 is disabled sport, disability sport classification for Paralympic athletics, disability athletics, specifically athletes of short stature. Male athletes under 130 cm (4 ft in) and female athletes under 125 cm (4 ft in) can compete in this category. Sport This classification is for Paralympic athletics, disability athletics. Jane Buckley, writing for the Sporting Wheelies, describes the athletes in this classification as: "Dwarf class - achondroplasia or similar J18 years old max height: 145cm (male) 140cm (female)." The Australian Paralympic Committee defines this classification as being for athletes who have the "People with dwarfism due to achondroplasia or a variant of this." A 2012 International Paralympic Committee Athletics Classification Project report proposed splitting the current T40 classification, with more restrictive T40 eligibility criteria (for shorter or more disproportionate athletes) and a new T41 (classification), T41 classification ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CP5 (classification)
CP5 is a disability sport classification specific to cerebral palsy. In many sports, it is grouped inside other classifications to allow people with cerebral palsy to compete against people with other different disabilities but the same level of functionality. Sportspeople in this class have greater functional control of their upper body, and are generally ambulant with the use of an assistive device. Quick movements can upset their balance. Sports that CP5 athletes are eligible to participate in include athletics, cycling, football, swimming, skiing wheelchair tennis, archery, para-equestrian, powerlifting, rowing, shooting, sledge hockey, sailing, table tennis, wheelchair basketball, wheelchair curling, and wheelchair fencing. In some of these sports, different classification systems or names for CP5 are used. Definition and participation Cerebral Palsy-International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA) defined this class in January 2005 as, "Diplegic - Moderate invo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARST
ARST is a Paralympic archery classification. It is a standing class. This class includes Les Autres sportspeople. People from this class compete in the sport at the Paralympic Games. Some people in this class can use stools or have an assistant nock their arrows. Classification is handled by FITA – International Archery Federation. History A version of this classification first appeared in 1998 during the World Championships, when the sport's governing body decided to pilot a classification programme. At the time, there was a classification called W2, which was for all standing archers with disabilities. Sport This is a Paralympic archery classification. In 2000, ''BBC Sport'' defined this classification as "Standing, Amputee, Les Autre and Cerebral Palsy standing athletes. Some athletes in the standing group will sit on a high stool for support but will still have their feet touching the ground. " In 2008, ''BBC Sport'' defined this classification was "ARST (standing): ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
T44 (classification)
T44 is a disability sport classification for disability athletics, applying to "Single below knee amputation or an athlete who can walk with moderately reduced function in one or both legs." It includes ISOD A4 and A9 classes. Definition This classification is for disability athletics. This classification is one of several classifications for athletes with ambulant related disabilities. Similar classifications are T40, T42, T43, T44, T45 and T46. Jane Buckley, writing for the Sporting Wheelies, describes the athletes in this classification as: "Single below knee amputation or an athlete who can walk with moderately reduced function in one or both legs." The Australian Paralympic Committee defines this classification as being for athletes who have the "Single leg below knee amputation. Combined lower plus upper limb amputations. Ambulant with moderately reduced function in one or both lower limbs." The International Paralympic Committee defined this class in 2011 as: "T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARW2
ARW2 is a Paralympic archery classification. It is a sitting class. This class includes Les Autres sportspeople. People from this class compete in the sport at the Paralympic Games, with an early version appearing at the 1988 World Championships. History A version of this classification first appeared in 1998 during the World Championships, when the sport's governing body decided to pilot a classification programme. At the time, there was a classification called W1, which was for all sitting archers. Sport This is a Paralympic archery classification. In 2000, ''BBC Sport'' defined this classification as "W2, wheelchair users with full arm function. " In 2008, ''BBC Sport'' defined this classification was "ARW2: wheelchair users with full arm function" In 2008, the ''Australian Broadcasting Corporation'' defined this classification was "The main difference between ARW1 and ARW2 is the amount of functional ability athletes have in their upper bodies.". In 2012, the Australian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ARW1
ARW1 is a Paralympic archery classification. It is a sitting class. This class includes Les Autres sportspeople. People from this class compete in the sport at the Paralympic Games. History A version of this classification first appeared in 1998 during the World Championships, when the sport's governing body decided to pilot a classification programme. At the time, there was a classification called W1, which was for all sitting archers. Sport This is a Paralympic archery classification. In 2000, ''BBC Sport'' defined this classification as "W1, spinal cord and cerebral palsy athletes with impairment in all four limbs." In 2008, ''BBC Sport'' defined this classification was "ARW1: spinal cord and cerebral palsy athletes with impairment in all four limbs" In 2008, the ''Australian Broadcasting Corporation'' defined this classification was "The main difference between ARW1 and ARW2 is the amount of functional ability athletes have in their upper bodies.". In 2012, the Australian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerebral Palsy Australian Sports And Recreation Federation
Cerebral may refer to: * Of or relating to the brain * Cerebrum, the largest and uppermost part of the brain * Cerebral cortex, the outer layer of the cerebrum * Retroflex consonant, also referred to as a cerebral consonant, a type of consonant sound used in some languages * Intellectual An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the reality of society, and who proposes solutions for the normative problems of society. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator o ..., rather than emotional See also * {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
