Le Rouge Et Le Noir
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Le Rouge Et Le Noir
''Le Rouge et le Noir'' (; meaning ''The Red and the Black'') is a historical psychological fiction, psychological novel in two volumes by Stendhal, published in 1830. It chronicles the attempts of a provincial young man to rise socially beyond his modest upbringing through a combination of talent, hard work, deception, and hypocrisy. He ultimately allows his passions to betray him. The novel's full title, ''Le Rouge et le Noir: Chronique du XIXe siècle'' (''The Red and the Black: A Chronicle of the 19th Century''), indicates its twofold literary purpose as both a psychological portrait of the romantic protagonist, Julien Sorel, and an analytic, sociological satire of the French social order under the Bourbon Restoration in France, Bourbon Restoration (1814–30). In English, ''Le Rouge et le Noir'' is variously translated as ''Red and Black'', ''Scarlet and Black'', and ''The Red and the Black'', without the subtitle. The title is taken to refer to the tension between the cler ...
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Stendhal
Marie-Henri Beyle (; 23 January 1783 – 23 March 1842), better known by his pen name Stendhal (, ; ), was a 19th-century French writer. Best known for the novels ''Le Rouge et le Noir'' ('' The Red and the Black'', 1830) and ''La Chartreuse de Parme'' ('' The Charterhouse of Parma'', 1839), he is highly regarded for the acute analysis of his characters' psychology and considered one of the early and foremost practitioners of realism. A self-proclaimed egotist, he coined the same characteristic in his characters' "Beylism". Life Born in Grenoble, Isère, he was an unhappy child, disliking his "unimaginative" father and mourning his mother, whom he passionately loved, and who died when he was seven. His closest friend was his younger sister, Pauline, with whom he maintained a steady correspondence throughout the first decade of the 19th century. His family was part of the bourgeois class and was attached to the Ancien Regime, explaining his ambiguous view toward Napoleon, the ...
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