|
Kʼan Chitam
Kʼan Chitam,The ruler's name, when transcribed is (KʼAN)CHITAM?, translated "Precious/Yellow Peccary", Martin & Grube 2008, p.37. also known as Kan Boar and Kʼan Ak (November 26, 415? – 486?), was an ''ajaw'' of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on 8 August 458.These are the dates indicated on the Maya inscriptions in Mesoamerican Long Count calendar The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar is a non-repeating, vigesimal (base 20) and octodecimal (base 18) calendar used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures, most notably the Maya. For this reason, it is often known as the May ..., Birth: 8.18.19.12.1 8 Imix 14 Sak and Accession: 9.1.2.17.17 4 Kaban 15 Xul, Martin & Grube 2008, p.37. He was son of Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil II and Lady Ahiin. The monuments associated with Kʼan Chitam are Stelae 2?, 9, 13 and 40.Martin & Grube 2008, p.37. Notes Footnotes References * Rulers of Tikal 5th century in the Maya civilization 5th-century monarc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajaw
Ajaw or Ahau ('Lord') is a pre-Columbian Maya civilization, Maya political title attested from epigraphy, epigraphic inscriptions. It is also the name of the 20th day of the ''tzolkʼin'', the Maya divinatory calendar, on which a ruler's ''kʼatun''-ending rituals would fall. Background The word is known from several Mayan languages both those in pre-Columbian use (such as in Classic Maya language, Classic Maya), as well as in their contemporary descendant languages (in which there may be observed some slight variations). "Ajaw" is the modernised orthography in the standard revision of Mayan orthography, put forward in 1994 by the Guatemalan ''Academia de Lenguas Mayas'', and now widely adopted by Mayanist scholars. Before this standardisation, it was more commonly written as "Ahau", following the orthography of 16th-century Yucatec language, Yucatec Maya in Spanish transcriptions (now ''Yukatek'' in the modernised style). In the Maya hieroglyphics writing system, the repres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tikal
Tikal () (''Tik’al'' in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala. It is one of the largest archeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization. It is located in the archeological region of the Petén Basin in what is now northern Guatemala. Situated in the department of El Petén, the site is part of Guatemala's Tikal National Park and in 1979 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Tikal was the capital of a conquest state that became one of the most powerful kingdoms of the ancient Maya. Though monumental architecture at the site dates back as far as the 4th century BC, Tikal reached its apogee during the Classic Period, c. 200 to 900. During this time, the city dominated much of the Maya region politically, economically, and militarily, while interacting with areas throughout Mesoamerica such as the great metropolis of Teotihuacan in the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil II
Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil II,The ruler's name, when transcribed is SIH-(Y)AJ-CHAN KʼAWI꞉L, translated "Sky-born Kʼawiil", Martin & Grube 2008, p.34. also known as Storm Sky and Manikin Cleft Sky (died 3 February 456), was an ''ajaw'' of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on 26 November 411 and reigned until his death.These are the dates indicated on the Maya inscriptions in Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, Accession: 8.18.15.11.0 3 Ajaw 13 Sak and Death: 9.1.0.8.0 10 Ajaw 13 Muwan, Martin & Grube 2008, p.34. He was a son of his predecessor Yax Nuun Ahiin I and Lady Kʼinich, and a grandson of Spearthrower Owl "Spearthrower Owl" is the name commonly given to a Mesoamerican personage from the Early Classic period, who is identified in Maya inscriptions and iconography. Mayanist David Stuart has suggested that Spearthrower Owl was a ruler of Teotihuacan .... Stela 31, erected during his reign, describes the death of his grandfather in 439; other monuments associated with S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chak Tok Ichʼaak II
Chak Tok Ichʼaak II,The ruler's name, when transcribed is CHAK-TOK-ICHʼA꞉K, translated "Great Misty? Claw", Martin & Grube 2008, p.37. also known as Jaguar Paw II and Jaguar Paw Skull (died 24 July 508), was an ''ajaw'' of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne and reigned until his death.These are the dates indicated on the Maya inscriptions in Mesoamerican Long Count calendar The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar is a non-repeating, vigesimal (base 20) and octodecimal (base 18) calendar used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures, most notably the Maya. For this reason, it is often known as the May ..., Death: 9.3.13.12.5 13 Chikchan 13 Xul, Martin & Grube 2008, p.37. He was son of Kʼan Chitam and Lady Tzutz Nik. The monuments associated with Chak Tok Ichʼaak II are Stelae 3, 7, 15, 21, and possibly 26.Martin & Grube 2008, p.37. Notes Footnotes References * Rulers of Tikal 5th century in the Maya civilization 6th century in the M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Of Tikal
Lady of Tikal,The ruler's name, when transcribed is IX-KALO꞉M EʼIX-?-KʼIN?, Martin & Grube 2008, p.38. also known as Woman of Tikal (1 September 504 – after ), was a queen of the Mayan city of Tikal. She took the throne on 19 April 511 and reigned until about 527.These are the dates indicated in the Maya inscriptions in Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, Birth: 9.3.9.13.3 8 Akʼbal 11 Mol and Accession: 9.3.16.8.4 11 Kʼan 17 (Pop, Martin & Grube 2008, p.38).Martin & Grube 2008, p.38. Biography According to the inscription on Stela 23, the Lady of Tikal assumed a leadership role on 19 April 511, at the age of six, but did not rule on her own. Instead, she co-ruled with an individual named Kaloomteʼ Bahlam. She was possibly the daughter of Chak Tok Ichʼaak II. Lady of Tikal was depicted on Stela 23, which was broken and later re-erected incomplete. It is presumed that Stela 6 and Stela 12 also mention Lady of Tikal, but she is referred to by a different name. Her relations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lady Ahiin
The word ''lady'' is a term for a girl or woman, with various connotations. Once used to describe only women of a high social class or status, the equivalent of lord, now it may refer to any adult woman, as gentleman can be used for men. Informal use is sometimes euphemistic ("lady of the night" for prostitute) or, in American slang, condescending in direct address (equivalent to "mister" or "man"). "Lady" is also a formal title in the United Kingdom. "Lady" is used before the family name of a woman with a title of nobility or honorary title ''suo jure'' (in her own right), or the wife of a lord, a baronet, Scottish feudal baron, laird, or a knight, and also before the first name of the daughter of a duke, marquess, or earl. Etymology The word comes from Old English '; the first part of the word is a mutated form of ', "loaf, bread", also seen in the corresponding ', "lord". The second part is usually taken to be from the root ''dig-'', "to knead", seen also in dough; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maya Religion
The traditional Maya or Mayan religion of the extant Maya peoples of Guatemala, Belize, western Honduras, and the Tabasco, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Campeche and Yucatán states of Mexico is part of the wider frame of Mesoamerican religion. As is the case with many other contemporary Mesoamerican religions, it results from centuries of symbiosis with Roman Catholicism. When its pre-Hispanic antecedents are taken into account, however, traditional Maya religion has already existed for more than two and a half millennia as a recognizably distinct phenomenon. Before the advent of Christianity, it was spread over many indigenous kingdoms, all with their own local traditions. Today, it coexists and interacts with pan-Mayan syncretism, the 're-invention of tradition' by the Pan-Maya movement, and Christianity in its various denominations. Sources of traditional Mayan religion The most important source on traditional Maya religion is the Mayas themselves: the incumbents of positions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ajaw
Ajaw or Ahau ('Lord') is a pre-Columbian Maya civilization, Maya political title attested from epigraphy, epigraphic inscriptions. It is also the name of the 20th day of the ''tzolkʼin'', the Maya divinatory calendar, on which a ruler's ''kʼatun''-ending rituals would fall. Background The word is known from several Mayan languages both those in pre-Columbian use (such as in Classic Maya language, Classic Maya), as well as in their contemporary descendant languages (in which there may be observed some slight variations). "Ajaw" is the modernised orthography in the standard revision of Mayan orthography, put forward in 1994 by the Guatemalan ''Academia de Lenguas Mayas'', and now widely adopted by Mayanist scholars. Before this standardisation, it was more commonly written as "Ahau", following the orthography of 16th-century Yucatec language, Yucatec Maya in Spanish transcriptions (now ''Yukatek'' in the modernised style). In the Maya hieroglyphics writing system, the repres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maya Civilization
The Maya civilization () of the Mesoamerican people is known by its ancient temples and glyphs. Its Maya script is the most sophisticated and highly developed writing system in the pre-Columbian Americas. It is also noted for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system. The Maya civilization developed in the Maya Region, an area that today comprises southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador. It includes the northern lowlands of the Yucatán Peninsula and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, the Mexican state of Chiapas, southern Guatemala, El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain. Today, their descendants, known collectively as the Maya, number well over 6 million individuals, speak more than twenty-eight surviving Mayan languages, and reside in nearly the same area as their ancestors. The Archaic period, before 2000 BC, saw the first developments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mesoamerican Long Count Calendar
The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar is a non-repeating, vigesimal (base 20) and octodecimal (base 18) calendar used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures, most notably the Maya. For this reason, it is often known as the Maya (or Mayan) Long Count calendar. Using a modified vigesimal tally, the Long Count calendar identifies a day by counting the number of days passed since a mythical creation date that corresponds to August 11, 3114 BCE in the proleptic Gregorian calendar. The Long Count calendar was widely used on monuments. Background The two most widely used calendars in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica were the 260-day Tzolkʼin and the 365-day Haabʼ. The equivalent Aztec calendars are known in Nahuatl as the Tonalpohualli and Xiuhpohualli. The combination of a Haabʼ and a Tzolkʼin date identifies a day in a combination which does not occur again for 18,980 days (52 Haabʼ cycles of 365 days equals 73 Tzolkʼin cycles of 260 day ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thames & Hudson
Thames & Hudson (sometimes T&H for brevity) is a publisher of illustrated books in all visually creative categories: art, architecture, design, photography, fashion, film, and the performing arts. It also publishes books on archaeology, history, and popular culture. Headquartered in London, it has a sister company in New York City, and subsidiaries in Melbourne, Singapore, and Hong Kong. In Paris it has a sister company, Éditions Thames & Hudson, and a subsidiary called Interart which distributes English-language books. The Thames & Hudson group currently employs approximately 150 staff in London and approximately 65 more around the world. The publishing company was founded in 1949 by Walter and Eva Neurath, who aimed to make the world of art and the research of top scholars available to a wider public. The company's name reflects its international presence, particularly in London and New York. It remains an independent, family-owned company, and is one of the largest publish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rulers Of Tikal
The known rulers of Tikal, a major centre of the Pre-Columbian Maya civilization in modern-day Guatemala: Late Preclassic * Yax Ehb' Xok – c. AD 60 (90?; see article), dynastic founder * Siyaj Chan K'awil Chak Ich'aak ("Stormy Sky I") – c. 2nd century * Yax Ch’aktel Xok – c. 200 Early Classic * Balam Ajaw ("Decorated Jaguar") – AD 292 * K'inich Ehb' – c. AD 300 * Siyaj Chan K'awiil I - c. AD 307 * Unen Bahlam ("Queen Jaguar") – AD 317 * "Leyden Plate Ruler" – AD 320 * K'inich Muwaan Jol – died AD 359 * Chak Tok Ich'aak I ("Jaguar Paw I") – c.a. 360-378. He died on the same day that Siyah K'ak' arrived in Tikal. * Yax Nuun Ayiin I – AD 379-404, the son of a foreign noble. * Siyaj Chan K'awiil II ("Stormy Sky II") – AD 411-456. Son of Yax Nuun Ayiin I. * K'an Chitam ("Kan Boar") – AD 458-486. * Ma'Kin-na Chan – ca. late 5th century. * Chak Tok Ich'aak II ("Jaguar Paw Skull") – AD 486-508. Married to "Lady Hand". * Ix Kalo'mte' Ix Yo K'in ("L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
