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Kia Seltos
The Kia Seltos ( ko, 기아 셀토스) is a subcompact crossover SUV manufactured by Kia. Introduced in mid-2019, the Seltos is positioned between the smaller Stonic, Soul, or Sonet and the larger Sportage in Kia's global SUV lineup. The Seltos is designated as a global product with three variations introduced for different markets. The first variation is the largest version of the Seltos, which is manufactured in South Korea (codename: ''SP2'') mainly aimed for developed markets, including North America and Australasia. The two other variations are the Indian-made Seltos (codename: ''SP2i'') and the closely related Chinese version badged as the Kia KX3 (codename: ''SP2c''). The SP2i and SP2c models are the low-cost versions of the Seltos to penetrate emerging markets, built on the Hyundai-Kia K2 platform and closely related to the second-generation Hyundai Creta/ix25. Despite being a globally marketed model, the Seltos is not sold in the European market. The name "Seltos" ...
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Kia KX3
The Kia KX3 is a subcompact crossover SUV manufactured exclusively for the Chinese market by Dongfeng Yueda Kia. Since 2019, it is known as the KX3 Aopao (). __TOC__ First generation (KC; 2015) The KX3 debuted as a concept on the 2014 Guangzhou Auto Show China (Guangzhou) International Automobile Exhibition (), also called Guangzhou International Motor Show () or Auto Guangzhou (), is an auto show held by Guangzhou Zhanlian Exhibition Service Co., Ltd, in November and December every year in the G ..., while the production version made its debut in March 2015. The KX3 is based on the platform of the Hyundai ix25 and has engine options including a 1.6 liter inline-4 engine with 123hp and 151nm, a 1.6 liter inline-4 turbo engine with 200hp and 264nm, and a 2.0 liter inline-4 engine with 202hp and 192nm. All 1.6 liter engine models are front-wheel-drive with only the 2.0 liter engine models offering optional all-wheel-drive. Transmission options are 6-speed manual gearbox ...
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Front-engine, Front-wheel-drive
In automotive design, a front-engine, front-wheel-drive (FWD) layout, or FF layout, places both the internal combustion engine and driven roadwheels at the front of the vehicle. Usage implications Historically, this designation was used regardless of whether the entire engine was behind the front axle line. In recent times, the manufacturers of some cars have added to the designation with the term '' front-mid'' which describes a car in which the engine is in front of the passenger compartment but behind the front axle. The engine positions of most pre– World-War-II cars are ''front-mid'' or on the front axle. This layout is the most traditional form and remains a popular, practical design. The engine, which takes up a great deal of space, is packaged in a location passengers and luggage typically would not use. The main deficit is weight distribution—the heaviest component is at one end of the vehicle. Car handling is not ideal, but usually predictable. In contrast wit ...
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Fuel Injection
Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector. This article focuses on fuel injection in reciprocating piston and Wankel rotary engines. All compression-ignition engines (e.g. diesel engines), and many spark-ignition engines (i.e. petrol engines, such as Otto or Wankel), use fuel injection of one kind or another. Mass-produced diesel engines for passenger cars (such as the Mercedes-Benz OM 138) became available in the late 1930s and early 1940s, being the first fuel-injected engines for passenger car use. In passenger car petrol engines, fuel injection was introduced in the early 1950s and gradually gained prevalence until it had largely replaced carburettors by the early 1990s. The primary difference between carburetion and fuel injection is that fuel injection atomizes the fuel through a small nozzle under high pressure, while a carburettor relies on suction created by inta ...
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Straight-four Engine
A straight-four engine (also called an inline-four) is a four-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The vast majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer cylinders where there is no power stroke occu ...
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Gasoline Direct Injection
Gasoline direct injection (GDI), also known as petrol direct injection (PDI), is a mixture formation system for internal combustion engines that run on gasoline (petrol), where fuel is injected into the combustion chamber. This is distinct from manifold fuel injection systems, which inject fuel into the intake manifold. The use of GDI can help increase engine efficiency and specific power output as well as reduce exhaust emissions. The first GDI engine to reach production was introduced in 1925 for a low-compression truck engine. Several German cars used a Bosch mechanical GDI system in the 1950s, however usage of the technology remained rare until an electronic GDI system was introduced in 1996 by Mitsubishi for mass-produced cars. GDI has seen rapid adoption by the automotive industry in recent years, increasing in the United States from 2.3% of production for model year 2008 vehicles to approximately 50% for model year 2016. Operating principle Charge modes The 'char ...
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Turbocharger
In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to produce more power for a given displacement.
The current categorisation is that a turbocharger is powered by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gasses, whereas a is mechanically powered (usually by a belt from the engine's crankshaft). However, up until the mid-20th century, a turbocharger was called a "turbosupercharger" and was considered a type of supercharger.


History

Prior to the invention of the turbocharger,

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Hyundai Smartstream Engine
The Hyundai Smartstream is a gasoline and diesel automobile engine branding used by Hyundai since 2018. An all-aluminum engine of Hyundai Motor Company debuted in the third-generation Hyundai i30 hatchback (codenamed PD), which was unveiled in 2018 in Paris Motor Show. Gasoline engines Smartstream G1.0 (G3LD) The Smartstream G1.0 MPI is a naturally aspirated inline 3-cylinder engine with multi-port injection (MPi); the engine makes at 6,200 rpm and of torque at 3,750 rpm. It has been developed from the Kappa family. Applications * Hyundai Casper (AX1) (2021–present) * Hyundai i10 (AC3) (2020–present) * Kia Picanto/Morning (JA) (2020–present) Smartstream G1.0T (G3LE/G3LF) The Smartstream G1.0 T-GDI is a turbocharged inline 3-cylinder engine with gasoline direct injection (GDi); the engine makes at 6,000 rpm and of torque between 1,500 and 4,000 rpm. A detuned version with between 4,500 and 6,000 rpm is also available for some applications. Applications * Hyu ...
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Petrol Engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American English) is an internal combustion engine designed to run on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as ''E10'' and ''E85''). Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio. Design Thermodynamic cycle Most petrol engines use either the four-stroke Otto cycle or the two-stroke cycle. Petrol engines have also been produced using the Miller cycle and Atkinson cycle. Layout Most petrol-powered piston engines are straight engines or V engines. However, flat engines, W engines and other layouts are sometimes used. Wankel engines are classified by the number of rotors used. Compression ratio Cooling Petrol engines are either air-cooled or water-cooled. Ignition Pe ...
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Kia Carens
The Kia Carens ( ko, 기아 카렌스) is a car manufactured by Kia since 1999, spanning over four generations, and was marketed worldwide under various nameplates, prominently as the Kia Rondo. The initial three generations had a compact MPV body style and were marketed worldwide, with presence in its home country South Korea, in Europe, and North America since the second-generation. The fourth-generation model took a different approach in terms of design and targeted markets, as it was developed as a "strategic model" for the Indian market. It also adopts a crossover-inspired exterior design. The name "Carens" derives from the word "car" and "renaissance", while the name "Rondo" derives from the musical term Rondo. __TOC__ First generation (RS; 1999) Kia debuted the first generation model of Carens, the RS series in May 1999. It is based on the same platform as the Kia Sephia. A facelift was issued in 2002. The model was discontinued in Australia in 2001, with produc ...
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Hyundai Alcazar
The Hyundai Alcazar is a compact crossover SUV with three-row seating produced by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai in India. Introduced in April 2021, it is a long-wheelbase version of the subcompact Creta Crete ( el, Κρήτη, translit=, Modern: , Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the 88th largest island in the world and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia, Cyprus, ..., whilst having additional third-row seating, styling changes, and a different powertrain option. Overview The Alcazar was first unveiled in April 2021, and was released to the market in June 2021. It is based on the Creta, with a longer wheelbase at , and a longer overall body by . The longer body allows for a three-row seating, with 7-seater and 6-seater (with captain seats) options being offered. The vehicle is also introduced with a reworked front styling, and a larger 18-inch wheels. In India, it is available in six v ...
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Hyundai Creta
The Hyundai Creta, also known as Hyundai ix25 in China, is an automobile produced by Hyundai since 2014 mainly for emerging markets, particularly BRICS. A subcompact crossover SUV, it is positioned below the Tucson in Hyundai's SUV line-up. The first-generation model debuted as a near-production concept car in China in April 2014, while the second generation was first introduced in 2019. The second-generation model was also available in a longer derivative with three-row seating, which is known as the Hyundai Alcazar, Creta Grand or Grand Creta. The vehicle has been manufactured in China, India, Russia, Brazil, and Indonesia. For developed markets like South Korea, the United States, Canada, EU/EFTA/EEA countries (with the exception of the French overseas collectivities of French Polynesia and New Caledonia) and Australia, the Creta is not offered in favour of the smaller but more advanced Kona. The model was named after the Crete island in Greece. The name is also intende ...
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Kia Soul
The Kia Soul is a subcompact crossover SUV manufactured and marketed worldwide by Kia, currently in its third generation. Designed at Kia's design center in California, the Soul debuted at the 2008 Paris Motor Show and is manufactured in South Korea. Since 2014, Kia has marketed an electric variant as the Soul EV. First generation (AM; 2008) The Soul concept was styled by Mike Torpey in early 2005. As a new member of Kia's Design Team in Irvine, California, Torpey was sent to Kia Korea to brainstorm a new vehicle. After seeing a television documentary on wild boars and learning of their importance in Korean culture, Torpey sketched a caricature of a boar wearing a backpack. The New York Times reported "the boar's attitude of strength and capability was the image orpeywanted for a new model aimed at hip urban youths." According to the Automotive News, the Soul had been criticized for a "plasticky" interior and a harsh ride. Both the ride quality and interior were upgraded du ...
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