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Koryo-mal
Koryo-mar (; ) is a dialect of Korean spoken by Koryo-saram, ethnic Koreans who live in the countries of the former Soviet Union. It is descended from the Hamgyŏng dialect and multiple other varieties of Northeastern Korean. Koryo-mar is often reported as difficult to understand by speakers of standard Korean; this may be compounded by the fact that the majority of Koryo-saram today use Russian and not Korean as their first language. According to German Kim, Koryo-mar is not widely used in the media and is not taught in schools. Thus it can be classified as endangered. Names In the speech of Koryo-saram, the language is referred to as ( / ), with several alternative pronunciations, including () and (). In South Korea, the dialect is referred to as Goryeomal () or Central Asian Korean (). In Russia and other former Soviet states, the language is referred to as () or (), of which the former reflects the spoken form while the latter reflects the literary form of Korea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koryo-saram
Koryo-saram (; ) or Koryoin () are ethnic Koreans of the post-Soviet states, former Soviet Union, who descend from Koreans that were living in the Russian Far East. Koreans first began settling in the Russian Far East in the late 19th century. Their numbers increased as Koreans fled the Korea under Japanese rule, Japanese colonization of Korea beginning in 1910. A number of Koryo-saram became significant List of Korean independence activists, Korean independence activists, such as Hong Beom-do and Chŏng Sangjin. In 1937, Deportation of Koreans in the Soviet Union, they were all deported to Central Asia. They have since dispersed throughout the former Soviet Union, with significant populations in Siberia, Uzbekistan, and Kazakhstan. Approximately 500,000 Koryo-saram reside in the former Soviet Union, primarily in the now-independent states of Central Asia. There are also large Korean communities in Southern Russia (around Volgograd), the Russian Far East (around Vladivostok), th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uzbekistan
, image_flag = Flag of Uzbekistan.svg , image_coat = Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg , symbol_type = Emblem of Uzbekistan, Emblem , national_anthem = "State Anthem of Uzbekistan, State Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan" , image_map = File:Uzbekistan (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Uzbekistan (green) , capital = Tashkent , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , official_languages = Uzbek language, Uzbek , languages_type = Writing system, Official script , languages = Latin Script, Latin , recognized_languages = Karakalpak language, Karakalpak , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_ref = , ethnic_groups_year = 2021 , religion_ref = , religion_year = 2020 , religion = , demonym = Uzbeks, Uzbek • Demographics of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistani , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Kim
German Nikolaevich Kim (; ; born 16 July 1953) is Director of the Institute for Asian Studies at Al-Farabi University, Kazakhstan and one of the leading internationally recognized scholars on ethnic Koreans in the former Soviet Union: Koryo-saram. Biography Early life Kim was born 16 July 1953 in Ushtobe, Taldy-Kurgan Oblast, Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, one of three sons of Nikolai Kim (also known by his Korean name Kim Dyunbin), a safety engineer and premises manager at the Korean Theatre of Kazakhstan. He jokingly refers to his hometown as the "Korean capital" of the former Soviet Union. He entered Kazakh National University (now known as Al-Farabi University) in 1971 as a student of world history and German language; after his graduation in 1977, he found work as a teacher of German, which he continued until the mid-eighties. Decision to study Koryo-saram history In 1985, with the onset of perestroika and glasnost, it became permitted for the first time to spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Almaty State University
The following is a list of universities in Kazakhstan by cities: Aktau *Sh. Yesenov - Caspian State University of Technology and Engineering Aktobe *Aktobe State Pedagogical Institute *K. Zhubanov Aktobe State University *Kazakh-Russian International University *M. Ospanov West Kazakhstan State Medical Academy Almaty *Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University * Adilet Law Academy *Al-Farabi Kazakh National University *Almaty Management University *Almaty Technological University * Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications * Kazakh National Medical University *Central Asian University *German-Kazakh University * International Information Technology University * Kazakh Russian Medical University *Kainar University *Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations and World Languages *Kazakh Academy of Labour and Social Relations *Kazakh Academy of Sports & Tourism *Kazakh-American University * Kazakh Automobile Road Institute *Kazakh-Britis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard Korean
A number of Korean dialects are spoken in Korea and by the Korean diaspora. The peninsula is very mountainous and each dialect's "territory" corresponds closely to the natural boundaries between different geographical regions of Korea. Most of the dialects are named for one of the traditional Eight Provinces of Korea. In the Korean language, only the Jeju dialect is considered sufficiently distinct to be regarded as a separate language. Dialect areas Korea is a mountainous country, and this could be the main reason why Korean is divided into numerous small local dialects. There are few clear demarcations, so dialect classification is necessarily to some extent arbitrary and based on the Eight Provinces of Korea, traditional provinces. A common classification, originally introduced by Shinpei Ogura in 1944 and adjusted by later authors, identifies six dialect areas: ;Hamgyŏng dialect, Hamgyŏng (Northeastern) :Spoken in the Hamgyong Province (Kwanbuk and Kwannam) region, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Post-Soviet States
The post-Soviet states, also referred to as the former Soviet Union or the former Soviet republics, are the independent sovereign states that emerged/re-emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Prior to their independence, they existed as Republics of the Soviet Union, Union Republics, which were the top-level constituents of the Soviet Union. There are 15 post-Soviet states in total: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia (country), Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Each of these countries succeeded their respective Union Republics: the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, Armenian SSR, the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Azerbaijan SSR, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian SSR, the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, Estonian SSR, the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, Georgian SSR, the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, Kazakh SSR, the Kirghiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koryo-saram Cuisine
Koryo-saram are ethnic Koreans of the Post-Soviet states, former Soviet Union. They have a distinct style of cuisine that is descended from Korean cuisine and influenced by the cuisines of various countries they have lived in. They are often considered distinct from Sakhalin Koreans, another Korean group from the former Soviet Union Sakhalin Korean cuisine, that has their own cuisine. The cuisine has achieved significant popularity throughout the former Soviet Union, with dishes like ''morkovcha'' widely available in grocery stores. However, to the reported surprise of some visitors from Russia, the cuisine is virtually unknown in South Korea. It is also considered by some to differ from South Korean cuisine significantly, especially as it descends primarily from the cuisine of regions now in North Korea. Description Of Korean regional cuisines, Koryo-saram cuisine is most closely related to that of the Hamgyong Province, Hamgyong provinces, now in North Korea. This is because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medium Of Instruction
A medium of instruction (plural: media of instruction, or mediums of instruction) is a language used in teaching. It may or may not be the official language of the country or territory. If the first language of students is different from the official language, it may be used as the medium of instruction for part or all of schooling. Bilingual education or multilingual education may involve the use of more than one language of instruction. UNESCO considers that "providing education in a child's mother tongue is indeed a critical issue". In post-secondary, university and special education settings, content may often be taught in a language that is not spoken in the students' homes. This is referred to as content based learning or content and language integrated learning (CLIL). In situations where the medium of instruction of academic disciplines is English when it is not the students' first language, the phenomenon is referred to as English-medium instruction (EMI). In different ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pitch Accent
A pitch-accent language is a type of language that, when spoken, has certain syllables in words or morphemes that are prominent, as indicated by a distinct contrasting pitch (music), pitch (tone (linguistics), linguistic tone) rather than by volume or length, as in some other languages like English language, English. Pitch-accent languages also contrast with fully tonal languages like Vietnamese language, Vietnamese, Thai language, Thai and Standard Chinese, in which practically every syllable can have an independent tone. Some scholars have claimed that the term "pitch accent" is not coherently defined and that pitch-accent languages are just a sub-category of tonal languages in general. Languages that have been described as pitch-accent languages include: most dialects of Serbo-Croatian, Slovene language, Slovene, Baltic languages, Ancient Greek, Vedic Sanskrit, Tlingit language, Tlingit, Turkish language, Turkish, Japanese language, Japanese, Limburgish, Norwegian language, No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coronal Consonant
Coronals are consonants articulated with the flexible front part of the tongue. Among places of articulation, only the coronal consonants can be divided into as many articulation types: apical (using the tip of the tongue), laminal (using the blade of the tongue), domed (with the tongue bunched up), or subapical (using the underside of the tongue) as well as different postalveolar articulations (some of which also involve the back of the tongue as an articulator): palato-alveolar, alveolo-palatal and retroflex. Only the front of the tongue (coronal) has such dexterity among the major places of articulation, allowing such variety of distinctions. Coronals have another dimension, grooved, to make sibilants in combination with the orientations above. Places of articulation Coronal places of articulation include the dental consonants at the upper teeth, the alveolar consonants at the upper gum (the alveolar ridge), the various postalveolar consonants (including domed palato- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latinisation In The Soviet Union
Latinisation or latinization ( ) was a campaign in the Soviet Union to adopt the Latin script during the 1920s and 1930s. Latinisation aimed to replace Cyrillic and traditional writing systems for all languages of the Soviet Union with Latin or Latin-based systems, or introduce them for languages that did not have a writing system. Latinisation began to slow in the Soviet Union during the 1930s and a Cyrillisation campaign was launched instead. Latinization had effectively ended by the 1940s. Most of these Latin alphabets are defunct and several (especially for languages in the Caucasus) contain multiple letters that do not have Unicode support as of 2023. History Background Since at least 1700, some intellectuals in the Russian Empire had sought to Latinise the Russian language, written in Cyrillic script, in their desire for closer relations with the West. The early 20th century, the Bolsheviks had four goals: to break with Tsarism, to spread socialism to the whol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lavrenti Son
Lavrenti Dyadyunovich Son (; born February 2, 1941) is a Koryo-saram playwright, author of short stories, and founder of Song Cinema, a documentary company producing movies about the minority ethnicities of the former USSR. His play ''Memory'' (기억), about the deportation of Koreans in the Soviet Union, is one of the few plays to ever be written in Koryo-mar. It was first performed by the Korean Theatre of Kazakhstan in 1997. References External links * 1941 births Kazakhstani dramatists and playwrights Kazakhstani people of Korean descent Koryo-saram writers Living people Soviet people of Korean descent {{Kazakhstan-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
