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Kleeblattschaedel
Kleeblattschaedel, or isolated cloverleaf skull syndrome, is a rare malformation of the head where there is a protrusion of the skull and broadening of the face. This condition is a severe type of craniosynostosis. The condition can be both isolated or associated with other craniofacial dysostosises. 85% of children with this condition have other anomalies. Severe forms of the condition are often a sign of syndromic craniosynostosis combined with a grotesque constriction ring of the lambdoid structure and the squamosal bone or in another area. Name and etymology ''Kleeblattschaedel'' (''Kleeblattschädel'') is German for "cloverleaf skull". The disorder was named Kleeblattschaedel syndrome in 1958. The German word is sometimes used in medical English, where it is often regarded as more or less naturalized, thus appearing in any combination of capitalized or not, with umlaut diacritic or not, and italicized or not. History The first case reported was in 1849. The condition was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proptosis
Exophthalmos (also called exophthalmus, exophthalmia, proptosis, or exorbitism) is a bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Exophthalmos can be either bilateral (as is often seen in Graves' disease) or unilateral (as is often seen in an orbital tumor). Complete or partial dislocation from the orbit is also possible from trauma or swelling of surrounding tissue resulting from trauma. Exophthalmos has endocrine causes. In the case of Graves' disease, the displacement of the eye results from abnormal connective tissue deposition in the orbit and extraocular muscles, which can be visualized by CT or MRI. If left untreated, exophthalmos can cause the eyelids to fail to close during sleep, leading to corneal dryness and damage. Another possible complication is a form of redness or irritation called superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, in which the area above the cornea becomes inflamed as a result of increased friction when blinking. The process that is causing the disp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thanatophoric Dysplasia
Thanatophoric dysplasia is a severe skeleton, skeletal disorder characterized by a disproportionately small Rib cage, ribcage, extremely short limbs and folds of extra skin on the arms and legs. Symptoms and signs Infants with this condition have disproportionately short arms and legs with extra folds of skin. Other signs of the disorder include a narrow chest, small ribs, underdeveloped lungs, and an enlarged head with a large forehead and prominent, wide-spaced eyes. Thanatophoric dysplasia is a lethal skeletal dysplasia divided into two subtypes. Type I is characterized by extreme rhizomelia, bowed long bones, narrow thorax, a relatively large head, normal trunk length and absent Kleeblattschaedel, cloverleaf skull. The spine shows platyspondyly, the cranium has a short base, and, frequently, the foramen magnum is decreased in size. The forehead is prominent, and hypertelorism and a saddle nose may be present. Hands and feet are normal, but fingers are short. Type II is charact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
