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Key Stage
A key stage is a stage of the state education system in England, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man and the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar setting the educational knowledge expected of students at various ages. The term is also used in some other autonomous territories such as Hong Kong, and countries such as Australia (some states), although the ages at which each key stage applies differ between countries. Key Stages in England are often abbreviated as KS (ex. KS1). Each key stage consists of a certain range of school years so there is no key stage for higher education. In Wales, the new curriculum replaces key stages with "progression steps" at ages 5, 8, 11, 14 and 16, "relating to broad expectations of a child’s progress". Stages In England, the stages are as follows: The national curriculum sets out targets to be achieved in various subject areas at each of the Key Stages. The Key Stages were first defined in the Education Reform Act 1988 to accompany the f ...
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State Education
A state school, public school, or government school is a primary school, primary or secondary school that educates all students without charge. They are funded in whole or in part by taxation and operated by the government of the state. State-funded schools are global with each country showcasing distinct structures and curricula. Government-funded education spans from primary to secondary levels, covering ages 4 to 18. Alternatives to this system include homeschooling, Private school, private schools, Charter school, charter schools, and other educational options. By region and country Africa South Africa In South Africa, a state school or government school refers to a school that is state-controlled. These are officially called public schools according to the South African Schools Act of 1996, but it is a term that is not used colloquially. The Act recognised two categories of schools: public and independent. Independent schools include all private schools and schools t ...
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Education Reform Act 1988
The Education Reform Act 1988 (c. 40) is legislation that introduced multiple changes to the education system in England and Wales, including the introduction of Key Stages and the National Curriculum. It replaced many rules and structures that had been in place since the 'Butler' Education Act 1944. Provisions The main provisions of the Education Reform Act are as follows: * Academic tenure was abolished for academics appointed on or after 20 November 1987. * An element of choice was introduced, where parents could specify which school was their preferred choice. * City Technology Colleges (CTCs) were introduced. This part of the Act allowed new more autonomous schools to be taken out of the direct financial control of local authorities. Financial control would be handed to the head teacher and governors of a school. There was also a requirement for partial private funding. There were only fifteen schools that were eventually set up. The successor to this programme was the es ...
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Key Stage 5
Key Stage 5 is a label used to describe the two years of education for students aged 16–18 and at sixth form or college. In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, it is aligned with previous Key Stages in the National Curriculum. Key Stage 5 is also the stage of education where students go through more intense and challenging courses in very specific subjects like media studies and physics. This stage is the last stage of secondary education for members of the sixth form. When A levels are achieved, the students will be able to apply for university. See also *Key Stage * Key Stage 1 *Key Stage 2 * Key Stage 3 * Key Stage 4 *GCE Advanced Level The A-level (Advanced Level) is a subject-based qualification conferred as part of the General Certificate of Education, as well as a school leaving qualification offered by the educational bodies in the United Kingdom and the educational a ... School terminology Educational stages Secondary education in England Secondary edu ...
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GCSE
The General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) is an academic qualification in a range of subjects taken in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, having been introduced in September 1986 and its first exams taken in 1988. State schools in Scotland use the Scottish Qualifications Certificate instead. However, private schools in Scotland often choose to follow the English GCSE system. Each GCSE qualification is offered as a specific school subject, with the most commonly awarded ones being English literature, English language, mathematics, science (combined & triple), history, geography, art, design and technology (D&T), business studies, economics, music, and modern foreign languages (e.g., Spanish, French, German) (MFL). The Department for Education has drawn up a list of core subjects known as the English Baccalaureate for England based on the results in eight GCSEs, which includes both English language and English literature, mathematics, science (physics, chem ...
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Key Stage 4
Key Stage 4 (KS4) is the legal term for the two years of school education which incorporate GCSEs, and other examinations, in maintained schools in England normally known as Year 10 and Year 11, when pupils are aged between 14 and 16 by August 31. (In some schools, KS4 work is started in Year 9.) Legal definition The term is defined in the Education Act 2002 as "the period beginning at the same time as the school year in which the majority of pupils in his class attain the age of fifteen and ending at the same time as the school year in which the majority of pupils in his class cease to be of compulsory school age".Defined in section 82 of thEducation Act 2002/ref> Since that Act, the ending of compulsory education in England has been extended beyond the age of sixteen, but compulsory education beyond the age of 16 is not classed as part of Key Stage 4. England and Wales Purpose The term is used to define the group of pupils who must follow the relevant programmes of study fro ...
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Key Stage 3
Key Stage 3 (commonly abbreviated as KS3) is the legal term for the three years of schooling in maintained schools in England and Wales normally known as Year 7, Year 8 and Year 9, when pupils are aged between 11 and 14. In Northern Ireland the term also refers to the first three years of secondary education. England and Wales Legal definition The term is defined in the Education Act 2002 as "the period beginning at the same time as the school year in which the majority of pupils in his class attain the age of twelve and ending at the same time as the school year in which the majority of pupils in his class attain the age of fourteen"Defined in section 82 of thEducation Act 2002/ref> (i.e. a three-year period). This Key Stage normally covers pupils during their first three years of secondary education, although in some cases part or all of this stage may fall in a middle or high school. Some middle and high schools have been piloting accelerated Key Stage 3, by teaching the s ...
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William Henry Hadow
Sir William Henry Hadow (27 December 1859 – 8 April 1937) was a leading educational reformer in Great Britain, a musicologist and a composer. Life Born at Ebrington in Gloucestershire and baptised there on 29 January 1860 by his father, he was the eldest child of the Reverend William Elliot Hadow (1826–1906) and his wife Mary Lang Cornish (1835–1917). His grandfather, the Reverend William Thomas Hadow, had married Eleanor Ann Bethune, daughter of Colonel John Drinkwater Bethune. He studied at Malvern College, followed by Worcester College, Oxford, where he taught and became Dean (1889). In 1905, Hadow was elected the first Old Malvernian member of the Council of Malvern College. In 1909, he was appointed principal of Armstrong College (Durham University), Armstrong College in the Newcastle Division of Durham University before succeeding, as Warden (college), Warden and Chancellor (education)#Vice-chancellor, vice-chancellor of the University of Durham in 1916. In 191 ...
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Junior School
A junior school is a type of school which provides primary education to children, often in the age range from 8 and 13, following attendance at an infant school, which covers the age range 5–7. Since both infant and junior schools provide primary education, pupils are commonly placed in a unified building – a primary school. Australia In Australia, a junior school is usually a part of a private school that educates children between the ages of 2 and 5. In South Australia a junior primary school, it is where a child will begin their education, usually in or before the year level preceding Year 1. Depending on the school, a child will move to the main primary school between the ages of 3 in 8 In most primary schools, the junior primary is located within the same buildings and grounds as the primary school, although some junior schools are located on an adjacent or separate site. Canada In Canada, mostly in Toronto, the term junior school is used by the former Etobicoke ...
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Key Stage 2
Key Stage 2 is the legal term for the four years of schooling in maintained schools in England and Wales normally known as Year 3, Year 4, Year 5 and Year 6, when the pupils are aged between 7 and 11 years. England and Wales Legal definition The term is defined in the Education Act 2002 as the period beginning at the same time as the school year in which the majority of pupils in a class attain the age of eight and ending at the same time as the school year in which the majority of pupils in a class attain the age of eleven.Defined in section 82 of thEducation Act 2002/ref> This Key Stage normally covers pupils during junior schools, although in some cases part or all of this stage may fall in a middle, or a through primary school. Purpose The term is used to define the group of pupils who must follow the relevant programmes of study from the National Curriculum. All pupils in this Key Stage must follow a programme of education in these 12 areas: * English *Mathematics *Science ...
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Hadow Report
Hadow is a Scottish surname. A number of notable people have this name: *Lieutenant-Colonel Arthur Lovell Hadow (1877–1968) who was commanding the Royal Newfoundland Regiment on the day of its destruction on the first day of the Battle of the Somme *Colonel Arthur De Salis Hadow (1858–1915) was commander of the 10th battalion of the Yorkshire Regiment and was killed in the Battle of Loos. * Charles Scott Hadow (1801–1849) co-owner of Willis, Hadow and Co, wine merchants of Scot's Yard, Bush lane, London and trader in India. *Douglas Robert Hadow (1846–1865) who died during the descent after the first ascent of the Matterhorn * Edward Ash Hadow, (1831–1866) chemist who conducted pioneering research on cyanide. * Major-General Frederick Edward Hadow (1836–1915) served during the Indian Mutiny, in the Madras Artillery, later became a Justice of the Peace in Hereford. *Professor George Hadow (1712–1780) professor of Hebrew and oriental languages at St Mary's College, Un ...
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Infant School
An infant school is a type of school or school department for young children. Today, the term is mainly used in England and Wales. In the Republic of Ireland, the first two years of primary school are called infant classes. Infant schools were established in the United Kingdom from 1816 and spread internationally. They were integrated into the state school system in the mid-19th century. The teaching methods they use have evolved over time. Dictionaries tend to define the age ranges they cater to as between four and eight years old: this corresponds to the Reception year and Years 1–3 in the school system on England and Wales. 10% of children of the relevant age in England attended a separate infant school in 2018. In England, children below the age of five are taught in a manner more focused on play and those above that age have a more academically focused curriculum. History The first infant school was founded in New Lanark, Scotland, in 1816. It was followed by other ...
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Primary Education
Primary education is the first stage of Education, formal education, coming after preschool/kindergarten and before secondary education. Primary education takes place in ''primary schools'', ''elementary schools'', or first schools and middle schools, depending on the location. Hence, in the United Kingdom and some other countries, the term ''primary'' is used instead of ''elementary''. There is no commonly agreed on duration of primary education, but often three to six years of elementary school, and in some countries (like the US) the first Primary education in the United States, seven to nine years are considered primary education. The International Standard Classification of Education considers primary education as a single phase where programs are typically designed to provide fundamental reading, writing, and mathematics skills and establish a solid foundation for learning. This is International Standard Classification of Education#Level 1, ISCED Level 1: Primary educatio ...
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