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John Lyons (linguist)
Sir John Lyons FBA (23 May 1932 12 March 2020) was a British linguist, working on semantics. Education John Lyons was born and brought up in Stretford, Lancashire (now in Trafford). He was initially educated at St Ann's RC School, Stretford, before he won a scholarship to St Bede's College, Manchester, joining in September 1943. In July 1950, Lyons progressed to Christ's College, Cambridge, where he took a degree in Classics in 1953 and a Diploma in Education in 1954. Life and career After doing his national service in the navy for two years, studying Russian as a coder (special), and commissioned as a midshipman, he returned to Cambridge as a PhD student in 1956. His supervisor was W. Sidney Allen. The following year he was made a lecturer at the School of Oriental and African Studies. He was also awarded a one-year Rockefeller Scholarship to Yale, but declined for the more opportunistic academic position in linguistics that was rare in those days in Britain. Lyons moved ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fellow Of The British Academy
Fellowship of the British Academy (post-nominal letters FBA) is an award granted by the British Academy to leading academics for their distinction in the humanities and social sciences. The categories are: # Fellows – scholars resident in the United Kingdom # Corresponding Fellows – scholars resident overseas # Honorary Fellows – an Honorary title (academic), honorary academic title (whereby the post-nominal letters "Hon FBA" are used) # Deceased Fellows – Past Fellows of the British Academy The award of fellowship is based on published work and fellows may use the post-nominal letters ''FBA''. Examples of Fellows are Edward Rand; Mary Beard (classicist), Mary Beard; Roy Porter; Nicholas Stern, Baron Stern of Brentford; Michael Lobban; M. R. James; Friedrich Hayek; John Maynard Keynes; Lionel Robbins; and Rowan Williams. See also * List of fellows of the British Academy References Fellows of learned societies of the United Kingdom, British Academy Fello ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machine Translation
Machine translation is use of computational techniques to translate text or speech from one language to another, including the contextual, idiomatic and pragmatic nuances of both languages. Early approaches were mostly rule-based or statistical. These methods have since been superseded by neural machine translation and large language models. History Origins The origins of machine translation can be traced back to the work of Al-Kindi, a ninth-century Arabic cryptographer who developed techniques for systemic language translation, including cryptanalysis, frequency analysis, and probability and statistics, which are used in modern machine translation. The idea of machine translation later appeared in the 17th century. In 1629, René Descartes proposed a universal language, with equivalent ideas in different tongues sharing one symbol. The idea of using digital computers for translation of natural languages was proposed as early as 1947 by England's A. D. Booth and Warr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language And Linguistics
''Language and Linguistics: An Introduction'' is a 1981 book by Sir John Lyons Sir John Lyons FBA (23 May 1932 12 March 2020) was a British linguist, working on semantics. Education John Lyons was born and brought up in Stretford, Lancashire (now in Trafford). He was initially educated at St Ann's RC School, Stretford .... Reception The book was reviewed by Louis Mangione and Patricia A. Lee. References External linksLanguage and Linguistics: An Introduction 1981 non-fiction books Linguistics textbooks Cambridge University Press books {{ling-book-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semantics (Lyons Book)
''Semantics'' is a 1977 two-volume book on semantics by Sir John Lyons. Reception The book was reviewed by Jonathan Cohen, Östen Dahl Östen Dahl (; born 4 November 1945 in Stockholm) is a Swedish linguist and professor best known for pioneering a marker-based approach to tense and aspect in linguistic typology. Dahl finished his PhD at the University of Gothenburg and subsequ ..., George A. Miller and Katherine Miller. References External linksSemantics, vol 1 1977 non-fiction books Books in semantics Cambridge University Press books< ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Horizons In Linguistics
''New Horizons in Linguistics'' is a 1970 book edited by Sir John Lyons. It includes essays by D. B. Fry, John Laver, Erik Fudge, P. H. Matthews, MAK Halliday, Manfred Bierwisch, James Peter Thorne, Janet Dean Fodor, M. F. Bott, J. C. Marshall, Robin Campbell, Roger Wales, P. N. Johnson-Laird, Herbert H. Clark, John Bernard Pride and Paul Kiparsky René Paul Victor Kiparsky (born January 28, 1941) is a Finnish linguist and professor of linguistics at Stanford University. He is the son of the St. Petersburg (Russia)-born linguist and Baltist/ Slavicist Valentin Kiparsky. Kiparsky is es .... Reception The book was reviewed by C. E. Bazell and Norman Mundhenk. References External linksNew Horizons in Linguistics 1970 non-fiction books Penguin Books books Edited volumes Linguistics books {{ling-book-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fontana Modern Masters
The Fontana Modern Masters was a series of pocket guides on writers, philosophers, and other thinkers and theorists who shaped the intellectual landscape of the twentieth century. The first five titles were published on 12 January 1970 by Fontana Books, the paperback imprint of William Collins & Co, and the series editor was Frank Kermode, who was Professor of Modern English Literature at University College London. The books were very popular with students, who "bought them by the handful", according to Kermode, and they were instantly recognisable by their eye-catching covers, which featured brightly coloured abstract art and sans-serif typography. Art as book covers The Fontana Modern Masters occupy a unique place in publishing history – not for their contents but their covers, which draw on the following developments in twentieth-century art and literature: * Twentieth-century geometric abstraction, colour-field painting and hard-edge painting. * Op Art, and in partic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noam Chomsky (Modern Masters)
''Chomsky '' is a 1970 book by John Lyons introducing the thought of Noam Chomsky. Reception The book was reviewed by G. Schelstraete, Dell Hymes Dell Hathaway Hymes (June 7, 1927, in Portland, Oregon – November 13, 2009, in Charlottesville, Virginia) was a linguist, sociolinguist, anthropologist, and folklorist who established disciplinary foundations for the comparative, ethnographic ... and Abisoye Eleshin. References Further reading * * * External linksIntroduction to Theoretical Linguistics 1970 non-fiction books Linguistics books Works about Noam Chomsky Viking Press books {{ling-book-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Introduction To Theoretical Linguistics
''Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics'' is a 1968 book by Sir John Lyons Sir John Lyons FBA (23 May 1932 12 March 2020) was a British linguist, working on semantics. Education John Lyons was born and brought up in Stretford, Lancashire (now in Trafford). He was initially educated at St Ann's RC School, Stretford .... Reception The book was reviewed by William Haas, Stanley Starosta and Kazimierz Polański. References External linksIntroduction to Theoretical Linguistics 1968 non-fiction books Linguistics textbooks Cambridge University Press books {{ling-book-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Structural Semantics (book)
''Structural Semantics: An Analysis of Part of the Vocabulary of Plato'' is a 1963 book by Sir John Lyons. It is a revised edition of Lyons' PhD dissertation titled ''A structural theory of semantics and its application to some lexical subsystems in the vocabulary of Plato'' (1960). Reception The book was reviewed by J. Gonda, Édouard des Places, John M. Rist, C. J. Ruijgh, L. Zgusta, David B. Robinson and Henry M. Hoenigswald Henry Max Hoenigswald (17 April 1915 – 16 June 2003) was a German-American scholar of linguistics, who in 1939 escaped to the United States where he had a long and productive academic career as a scholar of historical linguistics at the Universi .... References External linksStructural Semantics: An Analysis of Part of the Vocabulary of Plato 1963 non-fiction books Wiley (publisher) books Books in semantics Theses {{ling-book-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Academy
The British Academy for the Promotion of Historical, Philosophical and Philological Studies is the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and the social sciences. It was established in 1902 and received its royal charter in the same year. It is now a fellowship of more than 1,000 leading scholars spanning all disciplines across the humanities and social sciences and a funding body for research projects across the United Kingdom. The academy is a self-governing and independent registered charity, based at 10–11 Carlton House Terrace in London. The British Academy is primarily funded with annual government grants. In 2022, £49.3m of its £51.7m of charitable income came from the Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy – in the same year it took in around £2.0m in trading income and £0.56m in other income. This funding is expected to continue under the new Department for Business and Trade. Purposes The academy states that it has five fundam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neil And Saras Smith Medal For Linguistics
The British Academy presents 18 awards and medals to recognise achievement in the humanities and social sciences. Overview The British Academy currently awards 18 prizes and medals: General awards: * British Academy Medal (for academic research that has "transformed understanding" of a field of the humanities or social sciences) * The President's Medal (for "outstanding service" to the humanities or social sciences) * Leverhulme Medal and Prize (for "significant contribution to knowledge or understanding" in a field of the humanities or social sciences) Discipline-specific awards: * Brian Barry Prize in Political Science * Burkitt Medal for Biblical Studies * Derek Allen Prize (for numismatics, Celtic studies or musicology) * Edward Ullendorff Medal (for Semitic languages and Ethiopian studies) * Grahame Clark Medal (for prehistoric archaeology) * Kenyon Medal (for classical studies and archaeology) * Landscape Archaeology Medal * British Academy Book Prize for Global ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constructed Language
A constructed language (shortened to conlang) is a language whose phonology, grammar, orthography, and vocabulary, instead of having developed natural language, naturally, are consciously devised for some purpose, which may include being devised for a fiction, work of fiction. A constructed language may also be referred to as an artificial, planned or invented language, or (in some cases) a fictional language. ''Planned languages'' (or engineered languages / engelangs) are languages that have been purposefully designed; they are the result of deliberate, controlling intervention and are thus of a form of ''language planning''. There are many possible reasons to create a constructed language, such as to ease human communication (see international auxiliary language and code); to give fiction or an associated constructed setting an added layer of realism; for experimentation in the fields of linguistics, cognitive science, and machine learning; for artistic language, artistic crea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
