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John Dowding (naval Officer)
John Charles Keith Dowding CBE Distinguished Service Order, DSO (1891–1965) was a British naval officer during the 20th century. He served in both world wars and was awarded the Distinguished Service Order, DSO for his actions during the Dunkirk evacuation. He is best known for being the Convoy Commodore, commodore in charge of the ill-fated Arctic convoy Convoy PQ 17, PQ 17. Early life Jack Dowding was born on 1 November 1891 in Dibrugarh, British Raj, British India, to Charles and Kathleen Dowding. His father was an Anglican clergyman, who served there before returning to England and residing at St John's in the Vale, Cumberland.John Charles Keith Dowding at ancestry.com Dowding was educated at St Bees School, in what is now Cumbria, and on the Royal Navy training ship HMS Conway (school ship), HMS ''Conway''.Commodore John Charles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Admiral Sir Max Horton, (admiral Submarines), Visits The C-in-c Home Fleet
Admiral is one of the highest ranks in many navy, navies. In the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth nations and the United States, a "full" admiral is equivalent to a "full" general officer, general in the army or the air force. Admiral is ranked above vice admiral and below admiral of the fleet, or fleet admiral. Etymology The word in Middle English comes from Anglo-Norman language, Anglo-French , "commander", from Medieval Latin , . These evolved from the Arabic () – () (), "king, prince, chief, leader, Nobility, nobleman, lord, a governor, commander, or person who rules over a number of people" and (), the Arabic definite article meaning "the." In Arabic, admiral is also represented as (), where al-Baḥr (البحر) means the sea. The 1818 edition of Samuel Johnson's ''A Dictionary of the English Language'', edited and revised by the Rev. Henry Todd (priest), Henry John Todd, states that the term "has been traced to the Arab. emir or amir, lord or commander, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Packet Steamer
Packet boats were medium-sized boats designed mainly for domestic mail and freight transport in European countries and in North American rivers and canals. Eventually including basic passenger accommodation, they were used extensively during the 18th and 19th centuries, and had regularly scheduled services. In the 18th century, packet boats were put into use on the Atlantic Ocean between Great Britain and its colonies, where the services were called the packet trade. In the later 19th century, steam-driven packets were used extensively in the United States on the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, supplying forts and trading posts. History Packet craft were used extensively in European coastal mail services since the 17th century, and gradually added minimal passenger accommodation: "firing" (i.e. a place to cook), drinking water (often tasting of indigo or tobacco, which the water casks had previously held), and a place to sleep. Scheduled services began to be offered, but the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isle Of Man Steam Packet
The Isle of Man Steam Packet Company Limited (abbreviated to IoMSPCo or, locally, The Steam Packet ()) is the oldest continuously operating passenger shipping company in the world, having been founded in 1830. The company provides freight, passenger and vehicle services between the Isle of Man Sea Terminal, in Douglas, Isle of Man, and four ports in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It is owned by the Isle of Man Government. History Beginning of the company There had been various shipping companies serving the Isle of Man before the formation of this company in 1830, but their crossings were irregular and vessels used were unreliable. As a result, the island could be cut off for weeks at a time. The Manx people felt it was essential they should have their own dedicated service. A meeting was held in Douglas in 1829, from which was formed a committee charged investigating the cost of acquiring a steam packet. On 30 June 1830, the forerunner of today's Isle of Man Steam Pac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Mona's Isle (1939)
SS ''Mona's Isle'' was a steam turbine passenger ship that was built in Scotland in 1905 as ''Onward'', renamed ''Mona's Isle'' in 1920, and scrapped in Wales in 1948. She was designed as an English Channel ferry for the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SE&CR), who operated her between Folkestone Harbour, Folkestone and Boulogne-sur-Mer, Boulogne. In 1920 the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company (IoMSP) bought her and renamed her ''Mona's Isle''. The IoMSP ran her mainly on summer services linking Douglas, Isle of Man, Douglas with Dublin Port, Dublin and Belfast Harbour, Belfast. She was the fourth IoMSP ship to be called ''Mona's Isle''. In 1918 ''Onward'' caught fire in Folkestone Harbour, and was saved by being Scuttling, scuttled. In 1920 she was raised, which was when the IOMSPCo bought her to replace ships lost during the World War I, First World War. In 1940 ''Mona's Isle'' was the first ship to complete a round trip during the Dunkirk evacuation, rescuing a total of 2,63 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commander (Royal Navy)
Commander (Cdr) is a senior officer rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. It is immediately junior to captain and immediately senior to the rank of lieutenant commander. Officers holding the junior rank of lieutenant commander are not considered to be commanders. History The title (originally 'master and commander') originated in around 1670 to describe Royal Navy officers who captained ships too large to be commanded by a lieutenant, but too small to warrant the assignment of a post-captain, or before 1770 a master who was in charge of a ship's navigation. These ships were usually sloops-of-war, bomb vessels, fireships, hospital ships and storeships. The commanding officer of this type of ship was responsible for both sailing and fighting the ship and was thus its 'master and commander'. Before 1750, the rank was broadly considered as the limit of advancement for those without patronage, especially those who had been promoted from among a ship's crew. By contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orient Line
The Orient Steam Navigation Company, also known as the Orient Line, was a UK, British shipping company with roots going back to the late 18th century. From the early 20th century onwards, an association began with P&O (company), P&O which became 51% shareholder in 1919 and culminated in the Orient Line being totally absorbed into that company in 1966. History Origins The Orient Line's beginnings can be traced back to the formation of a shipbroking company by James Thompson (or Thomson) in 1797. The company was operating a small fleet of sailing ships by the early 19th century, and by the middle of the century they were sailing on routes all over the world. Scotsman James Anderson joined James Thompson & Co. in 1828, his nephew James George Anderson joined the firm in 1854, and by 1863 it had been restyled Anderson, Thompson & Co. With the death of the last member of the Thompson family it was in 1869 restyled Anderson, Anderson & Co. The inauguration of a liner service to Aus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Blockade Of Germany
A navy, naval force, military maritime fleet, war navy, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake-borne, riverine, littoral, or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions. It includes anything conducted by surface ships, amphibious ships, submarines, and seaborne aviation, as well as ancillary support, communications, training, and other fields. The strategic offensive role of a navy is projection of force into areas beyond a country's shores (for example, to protect sea-lanes, deter or confront piracy, ferry troops, or attack other navies, ports, or shore installations). The strategic defensive purpose of a navy is to frustrate seaborne projection-of-force by enemies. The strategic task of a navy also may incorporate nuclear deterrence by use of submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Naval operations can be broadly divided between riverine and littoral applications (brown-water nav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Patrol
The Northern Patrol, also known as Cruiser Force B and the Northern Patrol Force, was a naval force of the Royal Navy during the world wars. The Northern Patrol was part of the British "distant" Blockade of Germany (1914–1919). Its main task was to prevent trade to and from Germany by checking merchant ships and their cargoes. It was also to stop German warships, raiders and other German naval ships from leaving the North Sea for the Atlantic Ocean or entering the North Sea from the Atlantic, to protect Shetland against invasion and to gather intelligence from intercepted neutral ships. The Northern Patrol operated under the command of the Grand Fleet during the First World War. At first, Edgar-class cruisers were used but these were not built for the seas around Scotland in winter and were replaced by civilian ships pressed into service as Armed Merchant Cruisers. In the Second World War the Northern Patrol was commanded by the Home Fleet and participated in the Blockade of G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Cruiser Squadron
The 10th Cruiser Squadron, also known as Cruiser Force B was a formation of cruisers of the British Royal Navy from 1913 to 1917 and then again from 1940 to 1946. First formation The squadron was established in July 1913 and allocated to the Third Fleet. In July 1914 it was reassigned to the new Grand Fleet, the squadron was also made ''Cruiser Force B'' in August 1914 but was more famously known as the Northern Patrol. It remained with the Grand Fleet until December 1917. The squadron was disbanded from January 1918 to 1937 Second formation On 22 March 1937 the Admiralty announced the temporary formation of the squadron for the coronation fleet review by King George VI on 20 April 1937. The squadron was commanded by Rear-Admiral Arthur Dowding. Third formation The squadron reformed in September 1940 and attached to the Home Fleet for the duration of the Second World War until September 1945. On 27 December 1942, it was engaged at the Battle of the Barents Sea as Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armed Merchant Cruiser
An armed merchantman is a merchant ship equipped with guns, usually for defensive purposes, either by design or after the fact. In the days of sail, piracy and privateers, many merchantmen would be routinely armed, especially those engaging in long distance and high value trade. In more modern times, auxiliary cruisers were used offensively as merchant raiders to disrupt trade chiefly during both World War I and World War II, particularly by Germany. While armed merchantmen are clearly inferior to purpose-built warships, sometimes they have scored successes in combat against them. Examples include East Indiamen mimicking ships of the line and chasing off regular French warships in the Battle of Pulo Aura in 1804, and the sinking the Australian light cruiser in their battle in 1941, although ''Kormoran'' was also destroyed and had to be scuttled. Pre-20th century East Indiamen of various European countries were heavily armed for their long journeys to the Far East. In partic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
