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Jeffrey White
Jeffrey Steven White (born September 2, 1945) is a Senior status, senior United States federal judge, United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Early life, education, and career Born in New York City, White received a Bachelor of Arts from Queens College, City University of New York in 1967 and a Juris Doctor from the University at Buffalo Law School in 1970. He was an attorney in the Criminal Division of the United States Department of Justice from 1970 to 1971 and again from 1977 to 1978, serving in the interim as an assistant United States attorney for the United States District Court for the District of Maryland. He was in private practice in San Francisco, California from 1978 to 2002. Federal judicial service On July 25, 2002, White was nominated by President George W. Bush to a seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of California vacated by Judge Charles A. Legge. White was confirme ...
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Legal Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction (from Latin 'law' and 'speech' or 'declaration') is the legal term for the Right, legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice. In federations like the United States, the concept of jurisdiction applies at multiple levels (e.g., local, Federated state, state, and federal). Jurisdiction draws its substance from international law, conflict of laws, constitutional law, and the powers of the Executive (government), executive and Legislature, legislative branches of Forms of government, government to allocate resources to best serve the needs of society. International dimension Generally, international laws and treaties provide agreements which nations agree to be bound to. Such agreements are not always established or maintained. Extraterritorial jurisdiction is exercised through three principles outlined in the UN Charter, UN charter. These are equality of states, territorial sovereignty and non-intervention. This raises questions of when can many stat ...
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First Amendment To The United States Constitution
The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Federal government of the United States, Congress from making laws respecting an Establishment Clause, establishment of religion; prohibiting the Free Exercise Clause, free exercise of religion; or abridging the Freedom of speech in the United States, freedom of speech, the Freedom of the press in the United States, freedom of the press, the freedom of assembly, or the Right to petition in the United States, right to petition the government for redress of grievances. It was adopted on December 15, 1791, as one of the ten amendments that constitute the United States Bill of Rights, Bill of Rights. In the original draft of the Bill of Rights, what is now the First Amendment occupied third place. The first two articles were not ratified by the states, so the article on disestablishment and free speech ended up being first. The Bill of Rights was proposed to assuage Anti-Federalism, Anti-Federalist oppo ...
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Prior Restraint
Prior restraint (also referred to as prior censorship or pre-publication censorship) is censorship imposed, usually by a government or institution, on expression, that prohibits particular instances of expression. It is in contrast to censorship that establishes general subject matter restrictions and reviews a particular instance of expression only after the expression has taken place. In some countries (e.g., United States, Argentina) prior restraint by the government is forbidden, subject to exceptions (such as classifying certain matters of national security), by their respective constitutions. Prior restraint can be effected in a number of ways. For example, the exhibition of works of art or a movie may require a license from a government authority (sometimes referred to as a classification board or censorship board) before it can be published, and the failure or refusal to grant a license is a form of censorship as is the revoking of a license. It can take the form of a leg ...
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Stipulation
In United States law, a stipulation is a formal legal acknowledgment and agreement made between opposing parties before a pending hearing or trial. For example, both parties might stipulate to certain facts and so not have to argue them in court. After the stipulation is entered into, it is presented to the judge. The word is derived from the Latin word ''stipula'' "straw." The Ancient Roman In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman people, Roman civilisation from the founding of Rome, founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, collapse of the Western Roman Em ... custom was that the negotiating parties, upon reaching an agreement, broke a straw as a sign of their agreement and wrote down the agreement's rules (''stipulationes'').Caesar and Christ, Will Durant, Simon and Schuster, New York, 1944 References Legal terminology {{law-term-stub ...
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Injunction
An injunction is an equitable remedy in the form of a special court order compelling a party to do or refrain from doing certain acts. It was developed by the English courts of equity but its origins go back to Roman law and the equitable remedy of the "interdict". "When a court employs the extraordinary remedy of injunction, it directs the conduct of a party, and does so with the backing of its full coercive powers."'' Nken v. Holder''556 U.S. 418, 428 (2009) (citation and internal quotation marks omitted). A party that fails to comply with an injunction faces criminal or civil penalties, including possible monetary sanctions and even imprisonment. They can also be charged with contempt of court. Rationale The injunction is an equitable remedy that was created by the English courts of equity. Like other equitable remedies, it has traditionally been given when a wrong cannot be effectively remedied by an award of money damages. (The doctrine that reflects this is the req ...
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Dynadot
Dynadot is an ICANN-accredited domain registrar and web host company founded by software engineer Todd Han in 2002. Dynadot's headquarters is located in San Mateo, California, with offices in Zhengzhou and Beijing, China, as well as Toronto, Canada. On 15 February 2023, Delhi High Court ordered Indian IT Ministry to block Dynadot and other domain registrars over cybersquatting and not complying with Indian IT Rules, 2021. History Dynadot was founded in 2002, in San Mateo, California, by Todd Han, a software engineer. Originally called INamePro, LLC, the organization changed their name to Dynadot in 2003. Han was the sole operator of the company during the first-three years of its launch and he had hired the company's first employee in 2005. Bank Julius Baer/Wikileaks lawsuit In February 2008, the wikileaks.org domain name was taken offline after the Swiss bank Julius Baer Group sued WikiLeaks and Dynadot, the wikileaks.org domain registrar, in a court in California, Uni ...
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Julius Baer
Julius Baer (; né Isaac Baer; born 2 January 1857 – 9 March 1922) was a German-born Swiss banker, businessman and philanthropist. Baer was the founder and namesake of Julius Baer Group, and the patriarch of the Baer family. Early life and education Baer was born in Heidelsheim (today part of Bruchsal), Grand Duchy of Baden to Joseph (1816–1891) and Rosina (née Dreyfuss; 1819–1907) Baer, into a Jewish family. His father worked as private money lender and merchant of animal skins, while his mother was a homemaker. He was the second youngest of five siblings. Baer was educated at the Jewish School of Heidelsheim and completed a banking apprenticeship at ''Bankhaus August Gerstle'' in Augsburg from 1883 to 1885. Career In 1886, he became a partner in the private bank ''Samuel Dukas & Co.'' in Basel, Switzerland. A position he continued to hold until 1896, when he was deployed by his brother-in-law Ludwig Hirschhorn, to Zurich. He became a partner in ''Bank Hirschhor ...
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Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau, the Swiss Alps, Alps and the Jura Mountains, Jura; the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, whereas most of the country's Demographics of Switzerland, 9 million people are concentrated on the plateau, which hosts List of cities in Switzerland, its largest cities and economic centres, including Zurich, Geneva, and Lausanne. Switzerland is a federal republic composed of Cantons of Switzerland, 26 cantons, with federal authorities based in Bern. It has four main linguistic and cultural regions: German, French, Italian and Romansh language, Romansh. Although most Swiss are German-speaking, national identity is fairly cohesive, being rooted in a common historical background, shared ...
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WikiLeaks
WikiLeaks () is a non-profit media organisation and publisher of leaked documents. It is funded by donations and media partnerships. It has published classified documents and other media provided by anonymous sources. It was founded in 2006 by Julian Assange. Kristinn Hrafnsson is its editor-in-chief. Its website states that it has released more than ten million documents and associated analyses. WikiLeaks' most recent publication of original documents was in 2019 and its most recent publication was in 2021. From November 2022, numerous documents on the organisation's website became inaccessible. In 2023, Assange said that WikiLeaks is no longer able to publish due to his imprisonment and the effect that US government surveillance and WikiLeaks' funding restrictions were having on potential whistleblowers. WikiLeaks has released List of material published by WikiLeaks, document caches and media that exposed serious violations of human rights and civil liberties by various gover ...
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KWS Saat
KWS SAAT SE & Co. KGaA ( ISIN: DE0007074007) is a European independent and family-owned company based in Germany that focuses on plant breeding, with breeding and distribution activities in about 70 countries. KWS is one of the largest seed producer worldwide. The product range includes seed varieties for sugar beet, corn, cereals and vegetables. The capital letters "K," "W" and "S" in the name KWS stand for Klein Wanzlebener Saatzucht, which means seed breeding from Klein Wanzleben. The company's original headquarters were in Klein Wanzleben, an East German town located near the city of Magdeburg. Since 1945, the company is headquartered in Einbeck, Germany. Its main markets are in Europe, North and South America as well as Asia. In 1954, the company went public on the Hamburg-Hannover Stock Exchange and has been on the SDAX list of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange since June 2006. In addition, the shares are listed in the Nisax20 index of shares in Lower Saxony. History In 1838 ...
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