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James W. English
James Warren English (October 28, 1837February 15, 1925) was an American politician, bank president, and a staff officer during the American Civil War. He was a postbellum mayor of Atlanta, Georgia, from 1881 until 1883. Life English was born in Orleans Parish, Louisiana. His father died when he was 12 and his mother two years later. At the age of 15, he became an apprentice carriage-maker and worked at it industriously for four years while attending night school, when he moved to Griffin, Georgia. He married Emily Alexander and raised a family. He enlisted in the Confederate States Army on April 20, 1861, and served in Virginia, rising to the rank of captain. On the night of April 7, 1865, in the company of Colonel Heman H. Perry, assistant adjutant general of Moxley Sorrel's brigade, English received the first written communication from Grant to Lee about a surrender, which happened soon after at Appomattox Court House. Following his parole, English arrived in Atlanta on May ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atlanta
Atlanta ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia, but its territory falls in both Fulton and DeKalb counties. With a population of 498,715 living within the city limits, it is the eighth most populous city in the Southeast and 38th most populous city in the United States according to the 2020 U.S. census. It is the core of the much larger Atlanta metropolitan area, which is home to more than 6.1 million people, making it the eighth-largest metropolitan area in the United States. Situated among the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains at an elevation of just over above sea level, it features unique topography that includes rolling hills, lush greenery, and the most dense urban tree coverage of any major city in the United States. Atlanta was originally founded as the terminus of a major state-sponsored railroad, but it soon became the convergence point among severa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fulton County Street Railroad
The Fulton County Street Railroad Company of Atlanta, Georgia was organized in 1883 by: * James W. English, businessman and once mayor of Atlanta * J. Henry Porter, who was once a city councilman * William T. Newman, Confederate war hero, U.S. district judge and city attorney; father of writer Frances Newman * William A. Hemphill, who was once mayor * Dr. Henry Lumpkin Wilson, physician and city councilman who was active in the city's expansion and development * Maj. William D. Luckie, "prominent secret order man" and cashier of the Merchant's Bank * Robert A. Bacon, secretary of the railroad commission * David C. Black, and * Augustus Shaw, "well-known railroad man and veteran of the Confederacy" The first lines authorized were to go from the Union Station to what is now Midtown Atlanta along West Peachtree St. and Jackson St. The primary route became the Nine-Mile Circle which was intended to develop the newly subdivided neighborhood of Copenhill, where the Carter C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayor Of Atlanta
Here is a list of mayors of Atlanta, Georgia. The mayor is the highest elected official in Atlanta. Since its incorporation in 1847, the city has had 61 mayors. The current mayor is Andre Dickens who was elected in the 2021 election and took office in January, 2022. The term of office was one year until Cicero C. Hammock's second term (1875–77), when a new city charter changed it to two years. The term was changed to four years in 1929, giving Isaac N. Ragsdale the modern stay in office. Though a political party is listed where known, the mayoral election is officially non-partisan, so candidates do not ''represent'' their party when elected. In recent history, the viable candidates in the race have primarily been Democrats. List See the mayors of Atlanta category for an alphabetical list. Every mayor has been African American since 1974. Acting mayors See also * Timeline of Atlanta References {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Mayors Of Atlanta Atlanta Mayors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chattahoochee Brick Company
The Chattahoochee Brick Company was a brickworks located on the banks of the Chattahoochee River in Atlanta, Georgia. The brickworks, founded by Atlanta mayor James W. English in 1878, is notable for its extensive use of convict lease labor, wherein hundreds of African American convicts worked in conditions similar to those experienced during antebellum slavery. It is speculated that some workers who died at the brickworks were buried on its grounds. The brickworks was discussed in Douglas A. Blackmon's Pulitzer Prize-winning book ''Slavery by Another Name'', released in 2008. The property ceased to be an active brickworks in 2011. History The brickworks company was founded in 1878 and located on the east bank of the Chattahoochee River in northwest Atlanta. From the company's founding, it employed convicts via the convict lease system. By 1886, James W. English would become the company's majority shareholder. Following this, English restructured another company he o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penal Labor In The United States
Penal labor in the United States is explicitly allowed by the 13th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution: "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." Unconvicted detainees awaiting trial cannot be forced to participate in labor programs in prison as this would violate the Thirteenth Amendment. Penal labor in the United States underwent many transitions throughout the late 19th and early and mid 20th centuries. Periods of national economic strife and security guided much of these transitions. Legislation such as the Hawes-Cooper Act of 1929 placed limitations on the trade of prison-made goods. Federal establishment of the Federal Prison Industries (FPI) in 1934 revitalized the prison labor system following the Great Depression. Increases in prison labor participation began in 1979 with the formation of the Prison Ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antebellum Era
In the history of the Southern United States, the Antebellum Period (from la, ante bellum, lit= before the war) spanned the end of the War of 1812 to the start of the American Civil War in 1861. The Antebellum South was characterized by the use of slavery and the culture it fostered. As the era proceeded, Southern intellectuals and leaders gradually shifted from portraying slavery as an embarrassing and temporary system, to a full-on defense of slavery as a positive good, and harshly criticized the budding abolitionist movement. The economy was largely plantation based, and dependent on exports. Society was stratified, inegalitarian, and perceived by immigrants as lacking in opportunities. Consequently the manufacturing base lagged behind the non-slave states. Wealth inequality grew as the larger landholders took the greater share of the profits generated by slaves, which also helped to entrench their power as a political class. As the country expanded westward, sla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayor Of Atlanta
Here is a list of mayors of Atlanta, Georgia. The mayor is the highest elected official in Atlanta. Since its incorporation in 1847, the city has had 61 mayors. The current mayor is Andre Dickens who was elected in the 2021 election and took office in January, 2022. The term of office was one year until Cicero C. Hammock's second term (1875–77), when a new city charter changed it to two years. The term was changed to four years in 1929, giving Isaac N. Ragsdale the modern stay in office. Though a political party is listed where known, the mayoral election is officially non-partisan, so candidates do not ''represent'' their party when elected. In recent history, the viable candidates in the race have primarily been Democrats. List See the mayors of Atlanta category for an alphabetical list. Every mayor has been African American since 1974. Acting mayors See also * Timeline of Atlanta References {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Mayors Of Atlanta Atlanta Mayors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New South
New South, New South Democracy or New South Creed is a slogan in the history of the American South first used after the American Civil War. Reformers used it to call for a modernization of society and attitudes, to integrate more fully with the United States as a whole, reject the economy and traditions of the Old South, and the slavery-based plantation system of the antebellum period. The term was coined by its leading spokesman and Atlanta editor Henry W. Grady in 1874. Etymology and philosophy The original use of the term "New South" was an attempt to prescribe an attractive future based on a growing economy. The industrial revolution of the Northern U.S. was the model. The antebellum South was heavily agrarian. Following the American Civil War, the South was impoverished and heavily rural; it was mainly reliant on cotton and a few other crops with low market prices. Economically, it was in great need of industrialization. With slavery now abolished, African Americans were p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piedmont Exposition
The Piedmont Exposition of 1887 was the first exposition ever held in Piedmont Park in Atlanta, Georgia. Founding of the Piedmont Exposition Company The Piedmont Exposition Company was founded in June 1887 by a group of men who met in the offices of the ''Atlanta Constitution''. The company's chief purpose was to organize the Piedmont Exhibition for the purpose of exhibiting the natural resources of the Piedmont region, including Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Alabama. Directors * Oliver Clyde Fuller * John Tyler Cooper * G. M. Bain * E. P. Chamberlin * M. C. Kiser * James W. English * T. D. Meador * John A. Fitten * G. W. Adair * C. D. Horn * J. Kingsbury * J. R. Wylie * S. H. Phelan * W. L. Peel * W. W. Boyd * T. L. Langston * E. Rich * P. H. Snook * Rufus Brown Bullock *Samuel M. Inman Executive committee * John Tyler Cooper * J. R. Wylie * S. H. Phelan * C. D. Horn * G. M. Bain * E. P. Chamberlin * Rufus Brown Bullock Planning Planning of the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Avenue And Vine City
English Avenue and Vine City are two adjacent and closely linked neighborhoods of Atlanta, Georgia. Together the neighborhoods make up neighborhood planning unit L. The two neighborhoods are frequently cited together in reference to shared problems and to shared redevelopment schemes and revitalization plans."grants to the Vine City and English Avenue communities" i/ref>"The Vine City and English Avenue neighborhoods have voiced their support" iSunset Avenue Historic District English Avenue is bounded by the railroad line and the Marietta Street Artery neighborhood to the northeast, Northside Drive, the North Avenue railyards and downtown Atlanta to the east, Joseph E. Lowery Blvd. (formerly Ashby St.) and the Bankhead neighborhood to the west, and Joseph E. Boone Blvd. (called Simpson St. until 2008) and Vine City to the south. Its population was 3,309 in 2010.2010 U.S. census figures as tabulated bWalkScore/ref> Vine City is bounded by Joseph E. Boone Blvd. (Simpson) a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Downtown Atlanta
Downtown Atlanta is the central business district of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The larger of the city's two other commercial districts ( Midtown and Buckhead), it is the location of many corporate and regional headquarters; city, county, state, and federal government facilities; Georgia State University; sporting venues; and most of Atlanta's tourist attractions. It measures approximately four square miles, and had 26,700 residents as of 2010. Similar to other central business districts in the United States, it has recently undergone a transformation that includes the construction of new condos and lofts, renovation of historic buildings, and arrival of new residents and businesses. Geography Downtown is bound by North Avenue to the north, Boulevard to the east, Interstate 20 to the south, and Northside Drive to the west. This definition includes central areas like Five Points, the Hotel District, and Fairlie-Poplar, and outer neighborhoods such as SoNo and Cast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single-family Home
A stand-alone house (also called a single-detached dwelling, detached residence or detached house) is a free-standing residential building. It is sometimes referred to as a single-family home, as opposed to a multi-family residential dwelling. Definitions The definition of this type of house may vary between legal jurisdictions or statistical agencies. The definition, however, generally includes two elements: * Single-family (home, house, or dwelling) means that the building is usually occupied by just one household or family, and consists of just one dwelling unit or suite. In some jurisdictions allowances are made for basement suites or mother-in-law suites without changing the description from "single family". It does exclude, however, any short-term accommodation (hotel, motels, inns), large-scale rental accommodation ( rooming or boarding houses, apartments), or condominia. * Detached (house, home, or dwelling) means that the building does not share wall with o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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