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Itera Plastic Bicycle
ARETI International Group is a private energy company headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. The ARETI group consists of holding companies registered in Switzerland, Cyprus, the United States, Turkmenistan and is involved in the energy industry, real estate and cycling development. The company operates primarily in Switzerland and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries. ARETI was created by Igor Makarov in 2015 following his sale of Itera International Group of Companies, which was started in 1992 and sold off in 2013, when Itera's main subsidiary, Itera Oil & Gas Company, was acquired by Rosneft prior to any sanctions placed on Rosneft. History of ARETI International Group ARETI is a Swiss-based company which was founded by Igor Makarov in 2015, focusing on investments in various sectors in Western Europe, the US, Canada and Central Asia. Approximately in 2016, ARETI made investments into Inception Exploration Ltd., a Calgary based oil and gas exploration com ...
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Private Company
A privately held company (or simply a private company) is a company whose Stock, shares and related rights or obligations are not offered for public subscription or publicly negotiated in their respective listed markets. Instead, the Private equity, company's stock is offered, owned, traded or exchanged privately, also known as "over-the-counter (finance), over-the-counter". Related terms are unlisted organisation, unquoted company and private equity. Private companies are often less well-known than their public company, publicly traded counterparts but still have major importance in the world's economy. For example, in 2008, the 441 list of largest private non-governmental companies by revenue, largest private companies in the United States accounted for $1.8 trillion in revenues and employed 6.2 million people, according to ''Forbes''. In general, all companies that are not owned by the government are classified as private enterprises. This definition encompasses both publ ...
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Moldova
Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova, is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe, with an area of and population of 2.42 million. Moldova is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. The List of states with limited recognition, unrecognised breakaway state of Transnistria lies across the Dniester river on the country's eastern border with Ukraine. Moldova is a Unitary state, unitary Parliamentary system, parliamentary Representative democracy, representative democratic republic with its capital in Chișinău, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Most of Moldovan territory was a part of the Principality of Moldavia from the 14th century until 1812, when it was Treaty of Bucharest (1812), ceded to the Russian Empire by the Ottoman Empire (to which Moldavia was a Vassal and tributary states of the Ottoman Empire, vassal state) and became known as Bessarabia. In 1856, southern Bessarabia was ...
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Beregovoye Field
The Beregovoye Field is a natural gas field in the northeast of Purovsky District, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. The field is developed by Sibneftegaz, a joint venture of Novatek and Itera. Sibneftegaz holds the exploration and development license for the Beregovoy license area until 2023. History The field was discovered in 1982 and it was named after Russian geologist Vladimir Beregovoi. It was to be developed by Sibneftegaz, a subsidiary of Gazprom. However, in late 1990s Gazprom lost control over Sibneftegaz and the main shareholder became Itera. The second largest shareholder became the Russian fertilizer producer Acron Group. The field was ready for production in 2003; however, commercial production started only in 2007 after change in its ownership structure as Gazprom did not allowed produced gas to enter into the gas transportation system. In 2006, Gazprom through its banking arm Gazprombank bought back controlling stake (51%) in Sibneftegaz from Itera a ...
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Vostochno-Tarkosalinskoye Field
The East-Tarkosalinskoye () gas field is a natural gas field located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It was discovered in 1971 and developed by Novatek. It began production in 1994 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves Proven reserves (also called measured reserves, 1P, and reserves) is a measure of fossil fuel energy reserves, such as oil and gas reserves and coal reserves. It is defined as the "quantity of energy sources estimated with reasonable certaint ... of the East-Tarkosalinskoye gas field are around 7.013 trillion cubic feet (198 billion m3). Production peaked in 2006 and by 2023, Novatek had recovered 91% of the recoverable reserves. (abstract only) References :* Natural gas fields in Russia Natural gas fields in the Soviet Union {{YamaloNenetsAutonomousOkrug-geo-stub ...
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Far North (Russia)
The Extreme North or the Far North is a large part of Russia located mainly north of the Arctic Circle and boasting enormous mineral and natural resources. Its total area is about , comprising about one-third of Russia's total area. Formally, the regions of the Extreme North comprise the whole of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Kamchatka Krai, Magadan Oblast, Murmansk Oblast and Sakha, as well as certain parts and cities of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Irkutsk Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Komi Republic, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Republic of Karelia, Sakhalin Oblast, Tuva, Tyumen Oblast, as well as all islands of the Arctic Ocean, its seas, the Bering Sea, and the Sea of Okhotsk. Due to the remoteness and the harsh conditions of the area, since the Soviet times people who work there have traditionally been entitled by the Russian government to higher wages and many other benefits, including earlier retirement age, than workers of other regions. As a result of the climate and environment, the indige ...
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West Siberian Plain
The West Siberian Plain () is a large plain that occupies the western portion of Siberia, between the Ural Mountains in the west and the Yenisei, Yenisei River in the east, and the Altai Mountains on the southeast. Much of the plain is poorly drained and consists of some of the world's largest swamps and floodplains. Important cities include Chelyabinsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk, as well as Surgut and Nizhnevartovsk. Winters on the West Siberian Plain are harsh and long. The climate of most of the plain areas is either subarctic or continental. The plain had large petroleum and natural gas reserves. Most of Russia's oil and gas production was extracted from this area during the 1970s and 80s. Geography The West Siberian Plain is located east of the Ural Mountains mostly in the territory of Russia. It is one of the Great Russian Regions and has been described as the world's largest unbroken Upland and lowland#Lowland, lowland – more than 50 percent is less than above s ...
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Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (; ) also known as Yamalia () is a federal subject of Russia and an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast. Its administrative center is the town of Salekhard, and its largest city is Novy Urengoy. The 2021 Russian Census recorded its population as 510,490. The autonomous okrug borders Krasnoyarsk Krai to the east, the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug to the south, and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Komi Republic to the west. Geography The West Siberian petroleum basin is the largest hydrocarbon (petroleum and natural gas) basin in the world covering an area of about 2.2 million km2, and is also the largest oil and gas producing region in Russia. The Nenets people are an indigenous tribe who have long survived in this region. Their prehistoric life involved subsistence hunting and gathering, including the taking of polar bears; the practice of hunting polar bears (''Ursus maritimus'') continues up to the present time. Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okr ...
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Eesti Gaas
Eesti Gaas AS, branded internationally as Elenger, is an energy company with headquarters in Tallinn, Estonia. The company's main activity is selling and distributing of natural gas in Estonian, Latvian, Finnish, and Lithuanian markets. Eesti Gaas product portfolio includes also LNG, CNG, and electricity, including solar energy. History The predecessor of Eesti Gaas was established in 1948, and it was the first gas transport company in Estonia. The company however traces its history to 1865 when the was opened, which used coal imported from England and gasified there. From 1948–1957 it transported Estonian oil shale gas through the Kohtla-Järve – Leningrad pipeline to Leningrad, Later the pipeline was used in traverse mode to transport Russian natural gas to Estonia. From 1963–1988, the company existed as the "General Administration of Gasification" under the Council of Ministers of the Estonian SSR. In 1988, the name 'Eesti Gaas' was first introduced, and in 199 ...
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Latvijas Gāze
A/S Latvijas Gāze is a Latvian natural gas company, which deals in the importation and sale of natural gas. Latvijas Gāze is owned by Gazprom (34%), Rietumu Bank (28.97%), Uniper Ruhrgas International (18.26%) and Itera-Latvija (16%). In January 2016 the Marguerite Fund acquired a 28.97% stake from E.ON. The Latvia's gas transmission network was unbundled from the company in 2016 by establishing an independent transmission and storage company Conexus Baltic Grid. For operating the distribution network, Latvijas Gāze established the gas distribution system operator Gaso. History In 1862, an artificial gas factory started operating in Riga, which produced fuel gas from coal for lighting the streets of Old Riga. Later, fuel gas was also used in gas stations and households. The second gas factory in Riga was opened in 1875. The Liepaja gas factory was opened in 1882. After the Second World War, in 1949, liquefied petroleum gas Liquefied petroleum gas, also ...
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Latvia
Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is one of the three Baltic states, along with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south. It borders Russia to the east and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a Maritime boundary, maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia covers an area of , with a population of 1.9million. The country has a Temperate climate, temperate seasonal climate. Its capital and List of cities and towns in Latvia, largest city is Riga. Latvians, who are the titular nation and comprise 65.5% of the country's population, belong to the ethnolinguistic group of the Balts and speak Latvian language, Latvian. Russians in Latvia, Russians are the most prominent minority in the country, at almost a quarter of the population; 37.7% of the population speak Russian language, Russian as their native tongue. After centuries of State of the Teutonic Order, Teutonic, Swedish Livonia, Swedish, Inflanty Voi ...
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Riga
Riga ( ) is the capital, Primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Latvia, largest city of Latvia. Home to 591,882 inhabitants (as of 2025), the city accounts for a third of Latvia's total population. The population of Riga Planning Region, Riga metropolitan area, which stretches beyond the city limits, is estimated at 847,162 (as of 2025). The city lies on the Gulf of Riga at the mouth of the Daugava (river), Daugava river where it meets the Baltic Sea. Riga's territory covers and lies above sea level on a flat and sandy plain. Riga was founded in 1201, and is a former Hanseatic League member. Riga's historical centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, noted for its Art Nouveau/Jugendstil architecture and 19th century wooden architecture. Riga was the European Capital of Culture in 2014, along with Umeå in Sweden. Riga hosted the 2006 Riga summit, 2006 NATO Summit, the Eurovision Song Contest 2003, the 2013 World Women's Curling Championship, and the 2006 IIHF Wo ...
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Wilmington, Delaware
Wilmington is the List of municipalities in Delaware, most populous city in the U.S. state of Delaware. The city was built on the site of Fort Christina, the first Swedish colonization of the Americas, Swedish settlement in North America. It lies at the confluence of the Christina River and Brandywine Creek (Christina River tributary), Brandywine Creek, near where the Christina flows into the Delaware River. It is the county seat of New Castle County, Delaware, New Castle County and one of the major cities in the Delaware Valley metropolitan area. Wilmington was named by Proprietor Thomas Penn after his friend Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, prime minister during the reign of George II of Great Britain. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the city's population was 70,898. Wilmington is part of the Delaware Valley metropolitan statistical area (which also includes Philadelphia, Reading, Pennsylvania, Reading, Cam ...
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