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Indian Reform Association
The Indian Reform Association was formed on 29 October 1870 with Keshub Chandra Sen as president. It represented the secular side of the Brahmo Samaj and included many who did not belong to the Brahmo Samaj. The objective was to put into practice some of the ideas Sen was exposed to during his visit to Great Britain."After his return to India, Mr. Sen, proceeded to put into practice some of the ideas he had imbibed during his English visit. The first practical step he took in that direction was formation of Indian Reform Association." - Sastri, pp. 154-155. David Kopf says that Sen was enthusiastic about the Unitarian social gospel, which he observed first hand during his trip abroad. He seemed convinced that the reform efforts he witnessed in Britain could be duplicated in India. The Indian Reform Association was formed to promote "the social and moral reformation of the natives of India."David Kopf, ''The Brahmo Samaj and the Shaping of the Modern Indian Mind'', 1979, pp. 16-18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keshub Chandra Sen
Keshub Chandra Sen (; also spelled Keshab Chunder Sen; 19 November 1838 – 8 January 1884) was an Indian philosopher and social reformer who attempted to incorporate Christian theology within the framework of Hindu thought. Born a Hindu in the Bengal Presidency of British India, he became a member of the Brahmo Samaj in 1857 but established his own breakaway "Bharatvarshiya Brahmo Samaj" in 1866 while the Brahmo Samaj remained under the leadership of Debendranath Tagore (who headed the Brahmo Samaj until his death in 1905). In 1878, his followers abandoned him after the underage child marriage of his daughter which exposed his campaign against child marriage as hollow. Early life and education Keshub Chandra Sen was born on 19 November 1838 into an affluent Bengali Baidya family of Calcutta (now Kolkata). His family originally belonged to Garifa village on the banks of the river Hooghly. His grandfather was Ramkamal Sen (1783–1844), a well known pro- sati Hindu act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmo Samaj
Brahmo Samaj ( ) is the societal component of Brahmoism, which began as a monotheistic reformist movement during the Bengal Renaissance. It was one of the most influential religious movements in India and made a significant contribution to the making of modern India. It was started at Calcutta on 20 August 1828 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Dwarkanath Tagore as reformation of the prevailing customs of the time (specifically Kulin practices) and began the Bengal Renaissance of the 19th century pioneering all religious, social and educational advance of the Bengali community in the 19th century. Its Trust Deed was made in 1830 formalising its inception and it was duly and publicly inaugurated in January 1830 by the consecration of the first house of prayer, now known as the Adi Brahmo Samaj. From the ''Brahmo Samaj'' springs Brahmoism, the most recent of legally recognised religions in India and Bangladesh, reflecting its foundation on reformed spiritual Hinduism with vital ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Kopf
David Kopf is professor emeritus at the University of Minnesota. A research scholar on South Asian history, he has produced several books on the region. He has won the Guggenheim Fellowship Guggenheim Fellowships are Grant (money), grants that have been awarded annually since by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, endowed by the late Simon Guggenheim, Simon and Olga Hirsh Guggenheim. These awards are bestowed upon indiv ... at the University. References University of Minnesota faculty Living people University of Chicago alumni 21st-century American historians 21st-century American male writers Year of birth missing (living people) Historians from Minnesota American male non-fiction writers {{US-historian-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unitarianism
Unitarianism () is a Nontrinitarianism, nontrinitarian sect of Christianity. Unitarian Christians affirm the wikt:unitary, unitary God in Christianity, nature of God as the singular and unique Creator deity, creator of the universe, believe that Jesus Christ was Divine inspiration, inspired by God in his moral teachings and that he is the Redeemer (Christianity), savior of mankind,. but he is not equal to God himself. Accordingly, Unitarians reject the Ecumenical Councils and ecumenical creeds, and sit outside traditional, mainstream Christianity. Unitarianism was established in order to restore "Restorationism, primitive Christianity before later corruptions set in". Likewise, Unitarian Christians generally reject the doctrine of original sin. The churchmanship of Unitarianism may include Liberal Christianity, liberal Christian denominations, denominations or Unitarian Christian denominations that are more Conservatism, conservative, with the latter being known as Biblical unit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulava Samachar
''Sulabh Samachar'' (, ''Sulov Somachar'') was a Bengali weekly, published from Kolkata, a pioneering journalistic venture in 19th century Bengal. Indian Reform Association Keshub Chunder Sen established the Indian Reform Association on returning from England in 1870. One of the things that impressed him was the immense power of the press, particularly the daily newspaper in England. The objective of the Cheap Literature section of the Association was to disseminate useful and scientific information amongst the masses by the publication of cheap and useful tracts. Cheap Newspaper ''Sulabh Samachar'' was started on 16 November 1870. It was priced one pice (the smallest unit of currency). Umanath Gupta was the first editor of this cheap journal for the information of the masses. At the time there were about a dozen similar pice newspapers in Kolkata Kolkata, also known as Calcutta ( its official name until 2001), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of We ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bengali Language
Bengali, also known by its endonym and exonym, endonym Bangla (, , ), is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. It is native to the Bengal region (Bangladesh, India's West Bengal and Tripura) of South Asia. With over 242 million native speakers and another 43 million as second language speakers as of 2025, Bengali is the List of languages by number of native speakers, sixth most spoken native language and the List of languages by total number of speakers, seventh most spoken language by the total number of speakers in the world. Bengali is the Official language, official, National language, national, and most widely spoken language of Bangladesh, with 98% of Bangladeshis using Bengali as their first language. It is the second-most widely spoken scheduled languages of India, language in India. It is the official language of the Indian states of West ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paisa
Paisa (also transliterated as ''pice'', ''pesa'', ''poysha'', ''poisha'' and ''baisa'') is a monetary unit in several countries. The word is also a generalised idiom for money and wealth. In India, Nepal, and Pakistan, the ''paisa'' currently equals of a rupee. In Bangladesh, the ''paisa'' equals of a Bangladeshi taka. In Oman, the ''baisa'' equals of an Omani rial. Etymology The word ''paisa'' is from the Sanskrit term ''padāṁśa'' (, basic unit), meaning 'quarter part base', from ''pada'' () "foot or quarter or base" and ''aṁśa'' () "part or unit". The pesa was also in use in colonial Kenya. The colloquial term for money in Burmese, ''paiksan'' (), is derived from the Hindi term ''paisa'' (). History Chaulukya coins were often called "Gadhaiya Paise" (9th–10th century CE). Until the 1950s in India and Pakistan (and before 1947 in British India), the paisa (back then spelled as ''pice'' in English) was equivalent to 3 pies, of an anna, or of a rupee. After the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protap Chunder Mozoomdar
Protap Chunder Mozoomdar ( ''Protap Chôndro Mojumdar'', also transliterated as Pratap Chander Mozoomdar) (2 Oct 1840–21 May 1905) was a leader of the Hindu reform movement, the Brahmo Samaj, in Bengal, India, and a close follower of Keshub Chandra Sen. He was a leading exemplar of the interaction between the philosophies and ethics of Hinduism and Christianity, about which he wrote in his book, ''The Oriental Christ''. Life and work Sen and his colleagues agreed that four Brahmos would study and report on the relationship between Brahmo ideals and the four major world religions (Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhism and Islam). Gour Govinda Ray was deputed to examine Hinduism; Aghore Nath Gupta, Buddhism and Girish Chandra Sen, Islam. Mozoomdar was deputed to study Christianity. His resulting book, ''The Oriental Christ'', was published by Geo. H. Ellis in Boston in 1883. It was much discussed in the West, and eventually led to an important correspondence between Mozoomdar and Max ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peary Charan Sarkar
Peary Charan Sarkar (also spelled Peary Churn Sircar, Pyari Churn Sircar or Pyari Charan Sircar in contemporary documents; 1823–1875), was an educationist and textbook writer in nineteenth century Bengal. His series of Reading Books introduced a whole generation of Bengalis to the English language, sold in the millions and were translated into every major Indian language. He was also a pioneer of women's education in Bengal and was called 'Matthew Arnold, Arnold of the East'.Sengupta, Subodh Chandra and Bose, Anjali (editors), (1976/1998), ''Sansad Bangali Charitabhidhan'' (Biographical dictionary) in Bengali, pp 291–292, Early life and family Sarkar was born at Chorbagan in North Calcutta. His family hailed from Taragram in Hooghly district of West Bengal, and the family name was originally Das. For services rendered, the Nawab of Bengal had awarded the title 'Sarkar' to Bireshwar Das, an ancestor. Bhairav Chandra Sarkar, Pyari Charan's father, had become quite wealthy as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bijoy Krishna Goswami
Bijoy Krishna Goswami (; 2 August 1841 – 4 June 1899), also known by the honorific ''Gosaiji'', was a Hindu social reformer and religious figure in India during the British period. Brahmo Samaj was started at Calcutta on 20 August 1828 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Debendranath Tagore as a reformation of the prevailing tradition of the times (specifically Kulin practices). From the ''Brahmo Samaj'' springs Brahmoism, one of the legally recognised religions in India and Bangladesh, reflecting its foundation on reformed spiritual Hinduism with elements of Judeo-Islamic faith and practice. Gosaiji's disillusionment from Brahmo Samaj led him to study the ''Chaitanya Charitamrita'', a biography detailing the life and teachings of Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486–1534), a Vaisnava saint and founder of the Gaudiya Vaishnava Sampradaya. Bijoy Krishna Goswami belonged to the "Advaita ''parivar''" (family), as the 10th-generation descendant of Advaita Acharya, personal teacher and ass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1870 Establishments In India
Year 187 ( CLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Quintius and Aelianus (or, less frequently, year 940 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 187 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Septimius Severus marries Julia Domna (age 17), a Syrian princess, at Lugdunum (modern-day Lyon). She is the youngest daughter of high-priest Julius Bassianus – a descendant of the Royal House of Emesa. Her elder sister is Julia Maesa. * Clodius Albinus defeats the Chatti, a highly organized German tribe that controlled the area that includes the Black Forest. By topic Religion * Olympianus succeeds Pertinax as bishop of Byzantium (until 198). Births * Cao Pi, Chinese emperor of the Cao Wei state (d. 226) * Gu Shao, Chinese official and politic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
