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Idham Chalid
Idham Chalid (27 August 1921 – 11 July 2010) was an Indonesian politician, religious leader, and minister, who served as Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly and Chairman of the People's Representative Council from 1972 until 1977. He was also a prominent leader of the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and leader of the United Development Party (PPP), from 1956 until 1984. He was appointed a National Hero of Indonesia, along with 6 other figures, based on Presidential Decree No. 113/TK/Tahun 2011 dated November 7, 2011. On December 19, 2016, he was immortalized in the new redesign of Rp. 5.000, new rupiah banknote. Early life and education Early life Idham Chalid was born on August 27, 1921 in Setui, Tanah Bumbu regency, in the southeast portion of South Kalimantan. He is the eldest of five children. His father was Muhammad Chalid, a person from Amuntai, about 200 kilometers from Banjarmasin. When he was six years old, his family moved to Amuntai and lived in the Tangga Ulin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyai
A kyai ( ) is an expert in Islam, usually used among the ethnic Javanese people. Origins The word is of Javanese origin. Sometimes it is spelled kiai. Traditionally, students of Islam in Indonesia would study in a boarding school known as a pesantren. The leader of the school was called kyai, as a form of respect. The traditional word for a teacher in Islam is ustad, which is a Persian word. There are many ustads in Indonesia who teach the religion, but most of them do not have a boarding school. Education Kiai were educated in various pesantren: A student in a pesantren is called a santri. After the founding kyai of a pesantren dies, his son or another santri may take over the supervision of the school, and would then be called kyai. It is possible for a large boarding school to have several kyai living and teaching there. However, most pesantren have a few hundred students, with only one person who is called kyai. The other teachers in the school are called ustadz. Man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanah Bumbu Regency
Tanah Bumbu is one of the regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan. It was formerly part of Kotabaru Regency, but was split off on 25 February 2003 to form a separate regency, following dissatisfaction on the Kalimantan mainland territories with administration from Laut Island. It covers an area of 4,890.3 km2 and had a population of 267,929 at the 2010 Census and 322,646 at the 2020 Census; the latest official estimate (as at mid 2021) is 328,146. The regency's capital is the town of Batulicin. Administrative Districts At the 2020 Census Tanah Bumbu Regency was divided into ten districts (''kecamatan''), but two new districts have subsequently been added - Kusan Tengah from part of Kusan Hilir District, and Teluk Kepayang from part of Kusan Hulu District. The twelve districts are listed below with their areas and their 2010 and 2020 Census populations, together with the official estimates as at mid 2021.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2022. The table includes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transition To The New Order
Indonesia's transition to the New Order in the mid-1960s ousted the country's first president, Sukarno, after 22 years in the position. One of the most tumultuous periods in the country's modern history, it was the commencement of Suharto's 31-year presidency. Described as the great '' dhalang'' ("puppet master"), Sukarno drew power from balancing the opposing and increasingly antagonistic forces of the army and Indonesian Communist Party (PKI). By 1965, the PKI extensively penetrated all levels of government and gained influence at the expense of the army. On 30 September 1965, six of the military's most senior officers were killed in action (generally labelled an "attempted coup") by the so-called 30 September Movement, a group from within the armed forces. Within a few hours, Major General Suharto mobilised forces under his command and took control of Jakarta. Anti-communists, initially following the army's lead, went on a violent purge of communists throughout the cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet
The Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet was an Indonesian cabinet that served from 26 March 1956 until 14 March 1957. Composition Cabinet Leadership * Prime Minister: Ali Sastroamidjojo ( Indonesian National Party – PNI) *First Deputy Prime Minister: Mohammed Roem ( Masyumi Party) *Second Deputy Prime Minister: Idham Chalid (Nahdlatul Ulama - NU) Cabinet Members *Minister of Foreign Affairs: Ruslan Abdulgani ( Indonesian National Party – PNI) *Minister of Home Affairs: Soenarjo (Nahdlatul Ulama - NU) *Minister of Defense ''ad interim'': Ali Sastroamidjojo ( Indonesian National Party – PNI) *Minister of Justice: Muljatno (Masyumi) *Minister of Information: Soedibjo ( Indonesian Islamic Union Party - PSII) *Minister of Finance: Jusuf Wibisono ( Masyumi Party) *Minister of Agriculture: Eny Karim ( Indonesian National Party – PNI) *Minister of Economic Affairs: Burhanuddin (Nahdlatul Ulama - NU) *Minister of Transport: Suchjar Tedjasukmana ( Masyumi Party) *Minister of Pub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Language
is spoken natively by about 128 million people, primarily by Japanese people and primarily in Japan, the only country where it is the national language. Japanese belongs to the Japonic or Japanese- Ryukyuan language family. There have been many attempts to group the Japonic languages with other families such as the Ainu, Austroasiatic, Koreanic, and the now-discredited Altaic, but none of these proposals has gained widespread acceptance. Little is known of the language's prehistory, or when it first appeared in Japan. Chinese documents from the 3rd century AD recorded a few Japanese words, but substantial Old Japanese texts did not appear until the 8th century. From the Heian period (794–1185), there was a massive influx of Sino-Japanese vocabulary into the language, affecting the phonology of Early Middle Japanese. Late Middle Japanese (1185–1600) saw extensive grammatical changes and the first appearance of European loanwords. The basis of the standard dial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Java
East Java ( id, Jawa Timur) is a province of Indonesia located in the easternmost hemisphere of Java island. It has a land border only with the province of Central Java to the west; the Java Sea and the Indian Ocean border its northern and southern coasts, respectively, while the narrow Bali Strait to the east separates Java from Bali by around . Located in eastern Java, the province also includes the island of Madura (which is connected to Java by the longest bridge in Indonesia, the Suramadu Bridge), as well as the Kangean islands and other smaller island groups located further east (in the northern Bali Sea) and Masalembu archipelagos in the north. Its capital is Surabaya, the second largest city in Indonesia, a major industrial center and also a major business center. Banyuwangi is the largest regency in East Java and the largest on the island of Java. The province covers an area of , and according to the 2010 Census, there were 37,476,757 people residing in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ponorogo Regency
Ponorogo Regency ( id, Kabupaten Ponorogo; jv, ꦑꦧꦸꦥꦠꦺꦤ꧀ꦦꦤꦫꦒ, translit=Kabupatèn Pånårågå) is a regency (''kabupaten'') of East Java, Indonesia. It is considered the birthplace of Reog Ponorogo, a traditional Indonesian dance form. The regency covers an area of , and it had a population of 855,281 at the 2010 census and 949,318 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2021 was 955,839. The capital of the ''kabupaten'' is the local town of Ponorogo located around south of the main East Java city of Madiun and south Ngawi Geography Ponorogo Regency is located in the southwestern part of the province of East Java on the border with Central Java province. It lies approximately south-west of Surabaya, the provincial capital of East Java. The regency lies between above sea level and covers an area of about . History According to the Babad Ponorogo history, Ponorogo was founded when Bathoro Katong conquered the Wengker region. This regio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banjarmasin
) , translit_lang1 = Other , translit_lang1_type1 = Jawi , translit_lang1_info1 = بنجر ماسين , settlement_type = City , motto = ''Kayuh Baimbai'' ( Banjarese: 'Rowing Together') , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top: Banjarmasin seen from above, Soetji Nurani Chinese Temple, Banjarmasin watchtower, and Banjarmasin floating market. , image_flag = Flag of Banjarmasin City.png , image_shield = Lambang Kota Banjarmasin.gif , image_map = , mapsize = , map_caption = Interactive map outlining Banjarmasin , pushpin_map = Indonesia , pushpin_label_position = right , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Indonesia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Indonesia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Kalimantan
South Kalimantan ( id, Kalimantan Selatan) is a province of Indonesia. It is the smallest province in Kalimantan, the Indonesian territory of Borneo. The provincial capital was Banjarmasin until 15 February 2022 when it was legally moved to Banjarbaru. The population of South Kalimantan was recorded at just over 3.625 million people at the 2010 Census,Central Bureau of Statistics: ''Census 2010'' . . Retrieved January 17, 2011. and at 4.07 million at the 2020 Census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. The official estimate as at mid 2021 was 4,112,576. One of the five Indonesian provinces in Kalimantan, it is bordered by the |
Indonesian Rupiah
The rupiah (symbol: Rp; currency code: IDR) is the official currency of Indonesia. It is issued and controlled by Bank Indonesia. The name "rupiah" is derived from the Sanskrit word for silver, (). Sometimes, Indonesians also informally use the word ("silver" in Indonesian) in referring to rupiah in coins. The rupiah is divided into 100 ''sen'', although high inflation has rendered all coins and banknotes denominated in obsolete. Introduced in 1946 by Indonesian nationalists fighting for independence, the currency replaced a version of the Netherlands Indies gulden, which had been introduced during the Japanese occupation in World War II. In its early years, the rupiah was used in conjunction with other currencies, including a new version of the gulden introduced by the Dutch. The Riau Islands and the Indonesian half of New Guinea ('' Irian Barat'') had their own variants of the rupiah in the past, but these were subsumed into the national rupiah in 1964 and 1971, respe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Hero Of Indonesia
National Hero of Indonesia ( id, Pahlawan Nasional Indonesia) is the highest-level title awarded in Indonesia. It is posthumously given by the Government of Indonesia for actions which are deemed to be heroic, defined as "actual deeds which can be remembered and exemplified for all time by other citizens" or "extraordinary service furthering the interests of the state and people". The Ministry of Social Affairs gives seven criteria which an individual must fulfill, as follows: #Have been an Indonesian citizen who is deceased and, during his lifetime, led an armed struggle or produced a concept or product useful to the state; #Have continued the struggle throughout his life and performed above and beyond the call of duty; #Have had a wide-reaching impact through his actions; #Have shown a high degree of nationalism; #Have been of good moral standing and respectable character; #Never surrendered to his enemies; and #Never committed an act which taints his or her legacy. Nominations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nahdatul Ulama
Nahdlatul Ulama (, , NU) is an Islamic organization in Indonesia. Its membership estimates range from 40 million (2013) to over 95 million (2021), making it the largest Islamic organization in the world. NU also is a charitable body funding schools and hospitals as well as organizing communities to help alleviate poverty. The NU was founded in 1926 by a '' ulema'' and merchants to defend both traditionalist Islamic practices (in accordance with Shafi'i school) and its members' economic interests. NU's religious views are considered "traditionalist" in that they tolerate local culture as long as it doesn't contradict Islamic teachings. By contrast the second largest Islamic organization in Indonesia, the Muhammadiyah, is considered "reformist" as it takes a more literal interpretation of the Qur'an and Sunnah. Some leaders of Nahdlatul Ulama are ardent advocates of Islam Nusantara, a distinctive brand of Islam that has undergone interaction, contextualization, indigenization ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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