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IEC 62700
IEC Technical Specification 62700: DC Power supply for notebook computer is an IEC specification of a common standard for external laptop A laptop computer or notebook computer, also known as a laptop or notebook, is a small, portable personal computer (PC). Laptops typically have a Clamshell design, clamshell form factor (design), form factor with a flat-panel computer scree ... computer AC adapters. Laptops and AC adapters following this standard will have interchangeable power supplies, which will enable easy reuse of used power supplies (thereby reducing electronic waste) and make buying a new compatible power supply for a laptop simpler. The specification was published on 6 February 2014. Alternatives Despite being an industry open organization with open participation, the standard has been criticized by some for not being openly available for review. Some alternatives include: * IEEE has a proposed standard Universal Power Adapter for Mobile Devices for laptops ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Electrotechnical Commission
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC; ) is an international standards organization that prepares and publishes international standards for all electrical, electronics, electronic and related technologies. IEC standards cover a vast range of technologies from power generation, transmission and distribution to home appliances and office equipment, semiconductors, fibre optics, batteries, solar energy, nanotechnology, and marine energy, as well as many others. The IEC also manages four global conformity assessment systems that certify whether equipment, system or components conform to its international standards. All electrotechnologies are covered by IEC Standards, including energy production and distribution, electronics, magnetics and electromagnetics, electroacoustics, multimedia, telecommunications and medical technology, as well as associated general disciplines such as terminology and symbols, electromagnetic compatibility, measurement and performance, dependa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laptop
A laptop computer or notebook computer, also known as a laptop or notebook, is a small, portable personal computer (PC). Laptops typically have a Clamshell design, clamshell form factor (design), form factor with a flat-panel computer screen, screen on the inside of the upper lid and an alphanumeric keyboard and pointing device on the inside of the lower lid. Most of the computer's internal hardware is in the lower part, under the keyboard, although many modern laptops have a built-in webcam at the top of the screen, and some even feature a touchscreen display. In most cases, unlike tablet computers which run on mobile operating systems, laptops tend to run on desktop operating systems, which were originally developed for desktop computers. Laptops are used in a variety of settings, such as at work (especially on business trips), in education, for PC game, playing games, Content creation, content creating, web browser, web browsing, for personal multimedia, and for general P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AC Adapter
An AC adapter or AC/DC adapter (also called a wall charger, power adapter, power brick, or wall wart) is a type of external power supply, often enclosed in a case similar to an AC plug. AC adapters deliver electric power to devices that lack internal components to draw voltage and power from mains power themselves. The internal circuitry of an external power supply is often very similar to the design that would be used for a built-in or internal supply. When used with battery-powered equipment, adapters typically charge the battery as well as powering the equipment. Aside from obviating the need for internal power supplies, adapters offer flexibility: a device can draw power from 120 VAC or 230 VAC mains, vehicle battery, or aircraft battery, just by using different adapters. Safety can be another advantage, as hazardous 120 or 240 volt mains power is transformed to a lower, safer voltage at the wall outlet before going into the appliance handled by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power Supply Unit (computer)
A power supply unit (PSU) converts Mains electricity, mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a desktop computer. Modern personal computers universally use switched-mode power supply, switched-mode power supplies. Some Power supply, power supplies have a manual switch for selecting input voltage, while others automatically adapt to the main voltage. Most modern desktop personal computer power supplies conform to the ATX, ATX specification, which includes form factor and voltage tolerances. While an ATX power supply is connected to the mains supply, it always provides a 5-volt standby (5VSB) power so that the standby functions on the computer and certain peripherals are powered. ATX power supplies are turned on and off by a signal from the motherboard. They also provide a signal to the motherboard to indicate when the DC voltages are in spec, so that the computer is able to safely power up and boot. The most recent ATX PSU standard is version 3.0 a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electronic Waste
Electronic waste (or e-waste) describes discarded electrical or electronics, electronic devices. It is also commonly known as waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) or end-of-life (EOL) electronics. Used electronics which are destined for refurbishment, reuse, resale, salvage recycling through material recovery, or disposal are also considered e-waste. Informal processing of e-waste in developing country, developing countries can lead to adverse effect, adverse human health effects and environmental pollution. The growing consumption of electronic goods due to the Digital Revolution and innovations in science and technology studies, science and technology, such as bitcoin, has led to a global e-waste problem and hazard. The rapid exponential increase of e-waste is due to frequent new model releases and unnecessary purchases of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), short innovation cycles and low recycling rates, and a drop in the average life span of computers. El ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universal Power Adapter For Mobile Devices
The Universal Power Adapter for Mobile Devices (UPAMD), codename IEEE 1823-2015 (before approval P1823), is an IEEE standard for power supply design intended to cater to the power range of (optionally for mobile devices like laptop computers. The power supply was required to have an output capacitive energy of less than and an inductive energy at disconnect of less than . The standard defines an AC adapter to power devices requiring from or (extended voltage option) up to A new connector (that does not mate with any previously existing connector) is proposed for a lifetime of about ten years with multiple brands and models. This minimum life of adapter was hoped to reduce electronic waste. A common direct current power plug is intended to make life easier by eliminating the confusion regarding what voltage and current transformer one needs to buy and carry. This can help mobile devices, laptops, many consumer electronic devices, office devices like Ethernet switches/ hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universal Serial Bus
Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an industry standard, developed by USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF), for digital data transmission and power delivery between many types of electronics. It specifies the architecture, in particular the physical interfaces, and communication protocols to and from ''hosts'', such as personal computers, to and from peripheral ''devices'', e.g. displays, keyboards, and mass storage devices, and to and from intermediate ''hubs'', which multiply the number of a host's ports. Introduced in 1996, USB was originally designed to standardize the connection of peripherals to computers, replacing various interfaces such as serial ports, parallel ports, game ports, and Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) ports. Early versions of USB became commonplace on a wide range of devices, such as keyboards, mice, cameras, printers, scanners, flash drives, smartphones, game consoles, and power banks. USB has since evolved into a standard to replace virtually all common ports on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EmPower (aircraft Power Adapter)
EmPower is a brand name that refers to three different power outlets available on commercial airlines: * 15-volt, 75-watt DC connector (now called EmPower Classic by the vendor) * 5-volt, 10-watt USB power-only jacks * 110-volt AC power jacks (some also have an EmPower USB jack) Original 15-volt EmPower connector 15-volt Direct current, DC connector type found on many commercial airlines designed to provide power to travelers' electronic devices. The system is limited to 75 watts.EmPower Product Descriptiowww.astronics.com Accessed 2011-01-16. The use of a special connector is to prevent laptops charging at altitude and ensure that only approved adapters can be used. Some airlines offer it only in business class or only in certain types of aircraft or flights. Travelers in the 2000s bought EmPower adapters, frequently from duty-free shops at airports, to run laptops and other electronic equipment without using battery power. Supporting airlines include: * Some Air France pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universal Charger
Universal charger or common charger refers to various projects to standardize the connectors of power supplies, particularly for battery-powered devices. Since the publication of the USB Power Delivery standard in 2012, and the USB-C connector in 2014, USB-C has become a widespread standard for charging mobile phones. Advantages and disadvantages A situation where a variety of connectors proliferate has several disadvantages. It is inconvenient and costly for users, and causes unnecessary electronic waste when users change devices, due to the disposal of chargers still in working order. Legislation for mandatory charger standards has been criticized, particularly by Apple, who argued in 2019 that a single standard would "freeze innovation rather than encourage it." Apple also noted that if a universal standard was not an existing standard, adoption of a new standard would lead to increased e-waste. Apple used their proprietary Lightning connector, from which USB‑C is derived, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USB Power Delivery
The initial versions of the USB standard specified connectors that were easy to use and that would have high life spans; revisions of the standard added smaller connectors useful for compact portable devices. Higher-speed development of the USB standard gave rise to another family of connectors to permit additional data links. All versions of USB specify cable properties. Version 3.''x'' cables, marketed as ''SuperSpeed'', added a data link; namely, in 2008, USB 3.0 added a full-duplex lane (two twisted pairs of wires for one differential signal of serial data per direction), and in 2014, the USB-C specification added a second full-duplex lane. USB has always included some capability of providing power to peripheral devices, but the amount of power that can be provided has increased over time. The modern specifications are called '' USB Power Delivery'' (''USB PD'') and allow up to 240 watts, with or without data communications capability. Initially USB 1.0 provided ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common External Power Supply
The common external power supply (Common EPS) was a European Commission (EC) specification for a universal charger for smartphones sold within the European Union. The specification included the use of a USB Micro-B connector and adherence to the USB Battery Charging Specification. The purpose of the specification was to reduce waste and increase convenience for consumers. Common EPS started as an EC-sponsored agreement between manufacturers, and was formalised into a technical standard by relevant EU standardisation bodies. The specification EN/IEC 62684 was active from 2009 to 2014. Although compliance was voluntary, a majority of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers agreed to make their applicable mobile phones compatible. Apple, one of the major signatories, was still found to be in compliance despite using proprietary connectors for the iPhone, since the specification allowed for the use of adaptors. To replace the obsolete specification, the European Union late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power Supplies
A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical load. The main purpose of a power supply is to convert electric current from a source to the correct voltage, current, and frequency to power the load. As a result, power supplies are sometimes referred to as electric power converters. Some power supplies are separate standalone pieces of equipment, while others are built into the load appliances that they power. Examples of the latter include power supplies found in desktop computers and consumer electronics devices. Other functions that power supplies may perform include limiting the current drawn by the load to safe levels, shutting off the current in the event of an electrical fault, power conditioning to prevent electronic noise or voltage surges on the input from reaching the load, power-factor correction, and storing energy so it can continue to power the load in the event of a temporary interruption in the source power (uninterruptible ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
