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IBM Cross System Product
IBM's Cross System Product (CSP) was an application generator intended to create online systems on IBM's mainframe platforms. Introduced in 1981, CSP consisted of a set of source code generators that allowed developers to interactively define, test, generate, and execute application programs. CSP was composed of two products: *Cross System Product/Application Development (CSP/AD) - development environment. *Cross System Product/Application Execution (CSP/AE) - runtime environment. CSP version 3 was released in 1986 with extended functions: * DB2 support in CICS/OS/VS and MVS/ TSO environment * SQL/DS support in VSE and VM/SP environment *MVS/XA (31bit addressing) support The 1987 SAA announcement cast doubt on IBM's commitment to CSP – it "wasn't silent on CSP; it dismembered it.". The last version of CSP, version 4.1, went out of support at the end of 2001. In 1994, IBM released a successor product called VisualGen which incorporated "the ability to develop client/se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourth-generation Programming Language
A fourth-generation programming language (4GL) is a high-level programming language, high-level computer programming language that belongs to a class of languages envisioned as an advancement upon third-generation programming languages (3GL). Each of the programming language generations aims to provide a higher level of Abstraction layer, abstraction of the internal computer hardware details, making the language more programmer-friendly, powerful, and versatile. While the definition of 4GL has changed over time, it can be typified by operating more with large collections of information at once rather than focusing on just bits and bytes. Languages claimed to be 4GL may include support for database management, Report generator, report generation, mathematical optimization, graphical user interface (GUI) Graphical user interface builder, development, or web development. Some researchers state that 4GLs are a subset of domain-specific languages. The concept of 4GL was developed from th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Source Code
In computing, source code, or simply code or source, is a plain text computer program written in a programming language. A programmer writes the human readable source code to control the behavior of a computer. Since a computer, at base, only understands machine code, source code must be Translator (computing), translated before a computer can Execution (computing), execute it. The translation process can be implemented three ways. Source code can be converted into machine code by a compiler or an assembler (computing), assembler. The resulting executable is machine code ready for the computer. Alternatively, source code can be executed without conversion via an interpreter (computing), interpreter. An interpreter loads the source code into memory. It simultaneously translates and executes each statement (computer science), statement. A method that combines compilation and interpretation is to first produce bytecode. Bytecode is an intermediate representation of source code tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Program
A computer program is a sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to Execution (computing), execute. It is one component of software, which also includes software documentation, documentation and other intangible components. A ''computer program'' in its human-readable form is called source code. Source code needs another computer program to Execution (computing), execute because computers can only execute their native machine instructions. Therefore, source code may be Translator (computing), translated to machine instructions using a compiler written for the language. (Assembly language programs are translated using an Assembler (computing), assembler.) The resulting file is called an executable. Alternatively, source code may execute within an interpreter (computing), interpreter written for the language. If the executable is requested for execution, then the operating system Loader (computing), loads it into Random-access memory, memory and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CICS
IBM CICS (Customer Information Control System) is a family of mixed-language application servers that provide online business transaction management, transaction management and connectivity for applications on IBM mainframe systems under z/OS and z/VSE. CICS family products are designed as middleware and support rapid, high-volume online transaction processing. A CICS ''transaction'' is a unit of processing initiated by a single request that may affect one or more objects. This processing is usually interactive (screen-oriented), but background transactions are possible. CICS Transaction Server (CICS TS) sits at the head of the CICS family and provides services that extend or replace the functions of the operating system. These services can be more efficient than the generalized operating system services and also simpler for programmers to use, particularly with respect to communication with diverse terminal devices. Applications developed for CICS may be written in a variet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Time Sharing Option
Time Sharing Option (TSO) is an interactive time-sharing environment for IBM mainframe operating systems, including OS/360 MVT, OS/VS2 (SVS), MVS, OS/390, and z/OS. Use In computing, time-sharing is a design technique that allows many people to use a computer system concurrently and independently—without interfering with each other. Each TSO user is isolated; it appears to each one that they are the only user of the system. TSO is most commonly used by mainframe system administrators and programmers. It provides: * A text editor * Batch job support, including completion notification * Debuggers for some programming languages used on System/360 and later IBM mainframes * Support for other vendors' end-user applications, for example for querying IMS and DB2 databases TSO interacts with users in either a line-by-line mode or in a full screen, menu-driven mode. In the line-by-line mode, the user enters commands by typing them in at the keyboard; in turn, the system interp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IBM SQL/DS
SQL/DS (Structured Query Language/Data System), released in 1981, was IBM's first commercial relational-database management system. It implemented the SQL database-query language. SQL/DS ran on the DOS/VSE and VM/CMS operating systems. A little later, IBM also introduced Db2, another SQL-based DBMS, this one for the MVS operating system. The two products have coexisted since then; however, SQL/DS was rebranded as "DB2 for VM and VSE" in the late 1990s. Third party software Software AG's ''Natural'' 4GL A fourth-generation programming language (4GL) is a high-level computer programming language that belongs to a class of languages envisioned as an advancement upon third-generation programming languages (3GL). Each of the programming language g ... was an early third-party software product that facilitated using ''SQL/DS''. ''Software AG'' used the name ''Natural 2/SQL-DS'' and, later on, for a related offering, ''Natural 2/DB2''. References External links SQL Reunion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VSE (operating System)
VSEn (''Virtual Storage Extended'') is an operating system for IBM mainframe computers, the latest one in the DOS/360 lineage, which originated in 1965. It is less common than z/OS and is mostly used on smaller machines. DOS/VSE was introduced in 1979 as a successor to DOS/VS; in turn, DOS/VSE was succeeded by VSE/SP version 1 in 1983, and VSE/SP version 2 in 1985. In the late 1980s, there was a widespread perception among VSE customers that IBM was planning to discontinue VSE and migrate its customers to MVS instead, although IBM relented and agreed to continue to produce new versions of VSE. In February 2005, IBM announced z/VSE as successor to VSE/ESA 2.7, which was named to reflect the new System z branding for IBM's mainframe product line. In June 2021, 21st Century Software Inc announced that it had licensed the z/VSE source code from IBM with the intention of developing new versions of the operating system. As part of this transfer, z/VSE was renamed to VSEn. Overview DO ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VM/SP
VM (often: VM/CMS) is a family of IBM virtual machine operating systems used on IBM mainframes System/370, System/390, zSeries, System z and compatible systems, including the Hercules emulator for personal computers. Design The heart of the VM architecture is the ''Control Program'' or hypervisor abbreviated CP, VM-CP and sometimes, ambiguously, VM. It runs on the physical hardware, and creates the virtual machine environment. VM-CP provides full virtualization of the physical machine – including all I/O and other privileged operations. It performs the system's resource-sharing, including device management, dispatching, virtual storage management, and other traditional operating system tasks. Each VM user is provided with a separate virtual machine having its own address space, virtual devices, etc., and which is capable of running any software that could be run on a stand-alone machine. A given VM mainframe typically runs hundreds or thousands of virtual machine instances ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MVS/XA
Multiple Virtual Storage, more commonly called MVS, is the most commonly used operating system on the System/370, System/390 and IBM Z IBM mainframe computers. IBM developed MVS, along with OS/VS1 and SVS, as a successor to OS/360. It is unrelated to IBM's other mainframe operating system lines, e.g., VSE, VM, TPF. Overview First released in 1974, MVS was extended by program products with new names multiple times, retaining the term MVS in the nomenclature: * first to MVS/SE (MVS/System Extensions),some print media used the singular, MVS/System Extension: Computerworld, 15 Dec 1980 - Page 5; 26 June 1978 - Page 8 * next to MVS/SP (MVS/System Product) Version 1, * next to MVS/XA (MVS/eXtended Architecture), * next to MVS/ESA (MVS/Enterprise Systems Architecture), and then extended * to OS/390 for the System/390 systems, and * finally to z/OS (when 64-bit support was added with the zSeries models). IBM added UNIX support (originally called OpenEdition MVS) in MVS/SP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IBM Systems Application Architecture
Systems Application Architecture (SAA), introduced in 1987, is a set of standards for computer software developed by IBM. The SAA initiative was started in 1987 under the leadership of Earl Wheeler, the "Father of SAA". The intent was to implement SAA in IBM operating systems including MVS, OS/400 and OS/2. AIX—IBM's version of the UNIX operating system—was not a target of SAA, but does have interoperability with the SAA family. SAA did not define new standards, but selected from among IBM's existing guidelines and software. IBM also purchased some third party software from developers such as Bachman Information Systems, Index Technology, Inc., and KnowledgeWare, Inc. These were intended to be implemented uniformly across all SAA compliant environments. The standard was "designed to make application programs look and work in the same manner across the entire range of the company's personal computing systems, midrange processors and System/370 processors." SAA wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IBM VisualAge
VisualAge is a family of computer integrated development environments from IBM, which supports multiple programming language A programming language is a system of notation for writing computer programs. Programming languages are described in terms of their Syntax (programming languages), syntax (form) and semantics (computer science), semantics (meaning), usually def ...s. VisualAge was first released in October 1993. It was discontinued on April 30, 2007, and its web page was removed in September 2011. VisualAge was also marketed as VisualAge Smalltalk, and in 2005, Instantiations, Inc. acquired the worldwide rights to this product. IBM has stated that IBM XL C/C++ Compilers, XL C/C++ is the followup product to VisualAge. Early history VisualAge was created in the IBM development lab in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, which was established in 1984 and had responsibility for application Programming tool, development tools. The EZ-VU dialog manager product, a personal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
