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IAU Working Group On Star Names
The International Astronomical Union (IAU) established a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) in May 2016 to catalog and standardize proper names for stars for the international astronomical community. It operates under Division C – Education, Outreach and Heritage. The IAU states that it is keen to make a distinction between the terms ''name'' and ''designation''. To the IAU, ''name'' refers to the (usually colloquial) term used for a star in everyday conversation, while ''designation'' is solely alphanumerical, and used almost exclusively in official catalogues and for professional astronomy. (The WGSN notes that transliterated Bayer designations (e.g., Tau Ceti) are considered a special historical case and are treated as designations.) Terms of reference The terms of reference for the WGSN for the period 2016–2018 were approved by the IAU Executive Committee at its meeting on 6 May 2016. In summary, these are to: * establish IAU guidelines for the proposal and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Astronomical Union
The International Astronomical Union (IAU; , UAI) is an international non-governmental organization (INGO) with the objective of advancing astronomy in all aspects, including promoting astronomical research, outreach, education, and development through global cooperation. It was founded on 28 July 1919 in Brussels, Belgium and is based in Paris, France. The IAU is composed of individual members, who include both professional astronomers and junior scientists, and national members, such as professional associations, national societies, or academic institutions. Individual members are organised into divisions, committees, and working groups centered on particular subdisciplines, subjects, or initiatives. the Union had 85 national members and 12,734 individual members, spanning 90 countries and territories. Among the key activities of the IAU is serving as a forum for scientific conferences. It sponsors nine annual symposia and holds a triannual General Assembly that sets policy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substellar Object
A substellar object, sometimes called a substar, is an astronomical object, the mass of which is smaller than the smallest mass at which hydrogen fusion can be sustained (approximately 0.08 solar masses). This definition includes brown dwarfs and former stars similar to EF Eridani B, and can also include planemo, objects of planetary mass, regardless of their formation mechanism and whether or not they are associated with a primary star. Assuming that a substellar object has a composition similar to the Sun's and at least the mass of Jupiter (approximately 0.001 solar masses), its radius will be comparable to that of Jupiter (approximately 0.1 solar radii) regardless of the mass of the substellar object (brown dwarfs are less than 75 Jupiter masses). This is because the center of such a substellar object at the top range of the mass (just below the hydrogen burning limit, hydrogen-burning limit) is quite electron-degenerate matter, degenerate, with a density of ≈103 g/cm3, but thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Scarborough
Sir Charles Scarborough or Scarburgh Member of Parliament, MP Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, FRCP (29 December 1615 – 26 February 1694) was an English physician and mathematician.Robert L. Martensen, "Scarburgh, Sir Charles (1615–1694)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (Oxford, UK: OUP, 200Retrieved 29 December 2015 Upbringing Scarborough was born in St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Westminster, in 1615, to Edmund Scarburgh and his wife Hannah (Edmund_Scarborough, Colonel Edmund Scarburgh, prominent Virginia colonist, was his brother), and was educated at St Paul's School (London), St Paul's School, Gonville and Caius College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge (Bachelor of Arts, BA, 1637, Master of Arts (Oxbridge), MA, 1640) and Merton College, University of Oxford, Oxford (Doctor of Medicine, MD, 1646). While at Oxford he was a student of William Harvey, and the two would become close friends. Scarborough was also tutor to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Charles I Of England
Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles was born into the House of Stuart as the second son of King James VI of Scotland, but after his father inherited the English throne in 1603, he moved to England, where he spent much of the rest of his life. He became heir apparent to the kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland in 1612 upon the death of his elder brother, Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales. An unsuccessful and unpopular attempt to marry him to Infanta Maria Anna of Spain culminated in an eight-month visit to Spain in 1623 that demonstrated the futility of the marriage negotiation. Two years later, shortly after his accession, he married Henrietta Maria of France. After his accession in 1625, Charles quarrelled with the English Parliament, which sought to curb his royal prerogative. He believed in the divine right of kings and was determined to govern according ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cor Caroli
Cor Caroli is a binary star in the northern constellation of Canes Venatici. It is the brightest star in the constellation, lying at the third magnitude. The International Astronomical Union uses the name "Cor Caroli" specifically for the brighter star of the binary. The system has the Bayer designation Alpha Canum Venaticorum or α Canum Venaticorum. Nomenclature ''α Canum Venaticorum'', Romanization of Greek, Latinised to ''Alpha Canum Venaticorum'', is the system's Bayer designation. The brighter of the two stars is designated ''α2 Canum Venaticorum'', the fainter ''α1 Canum Venaticorum''. In the western world Alpha Canum Venaticorum had no name until the 17th century, when it was named ''Cor Caroli'', which means "Charles's Heart". There has been some uncertainty whether it was named in honour of King Charles I of England, who was executed in 1649 during the English Civil War, or of his son, Charles II of England, Charles II, who Stuart Restoration, restored the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin (language)
Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area around Rome, Italy. Through the expansion of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language in the Italian Peninsula and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. It has greatly influenced many languages, including English, having contributed many words to the English lexicon, particularly after the Christianization of the Anglo-Saxons and the Norman Conquest. Latin roots appear frequently in the technical vocabulary used by fields such as theology, the sciences, medicine, and law. By the late Roman Republic, Old Latin had evolved into standardized Classical Latin. Vulgar Latin refers to the less prestigious colloquial registers, attested in inscriptions and some literary works such as those of the comic playwrights Plautus and Terence and the author Petronius. While ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolaus Copernicus
Nicolaus Copernicus (19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543) was a Renaissance polymath who formulated a mathematical model, model of Celestial spheres#Renaissance, the universe that placed heliocentrism, the Sun rather than Earth at its center. Copernicus likely developed his model independently of Aristarchus of Samos, an List of ancient Greek astronomers, ancient Greek astronomer who had formulated such a model some eighteen centuries earlier. The publication of Copernicus' model in his book ' (''On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres''), just before his death in 1543, was a major event in the history of science, triggering the Copernican Revolution and making a pioneering contribution to the Scientific Revolution. Copernicus was born and died in Royal Prussia, a semiautonomous and multilingual region created within the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from lands regained from the Teutonic Order after the Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466), Thirteen Years' War. A Poly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
55 Cancri
55 Cancri is a binary star system located 41 light-years away from the Sun in the zodiac constellation of Cancer. It has the Bayer designation Rho1 Cancri (ρ1 Cancri); ''55 Cancri'' is the Flamsteed designation (abbreviated 55 Cnc). The system consists of a K-type star (designated 55 Cancri A, also named Copernicus ) and a smaller red dwarf (55 Cancri B). , five extrasolar planets (designated 55 Cancri b, c, d, e and f; named Galileo, Brahe, Lipperhey, Janssen and Harriot, respectively) are known to orbit 55 Cancri A. Nomenclature 55 Cancri is the system's Flamsteed designation. It also bears the Bayer designation ρ1 Cancri ( Latinised to Rho1 Cancri) and the Bright Star Catalogue designation HR 3522. The two components are designated A and B, though component A is sometimes referred to simply as 55 Cancri. The first planet discovered orbiting 55 Cancri A was designated HR 3522b by its discoverers, though it is more commonly referred to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miguel De Cervantes
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra ( ; ; 29 September 1547 (assumed) – 22 April 1616 Old Style and New Style dates, NS) was a Spanish writer widely regarded as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's pre-eminent novelists. He is best known for his novel ''Don Quixote'', a work considered as the first modern novel. The novel has been labelled by many well-known authors as the "best book of all time" and the "best and most central work in world literature". Much of his life was spent in relative poverty and obscurity, which led to many of his early works being lost. Despite this, his influence and literary contribution are reflected by the fact that Spanish is often referred to as "the language of Cervantes". In 1569, Cervantes was forced to leave Spain and move to Rome, where he worked in the household of a Cardinal (Catholic Church), cardinal. In 1570, he enlisted in a Spanish Marine Infantry, Spanish Navy infantry regiment, and was badly wounded at th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mu Arae
Mu Arae is a single star with a planetary system in the constellation of Ara. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from μ Arae, and abbreviated Mu Ara or μ Ara. This star is officially named Cervantes, pronounced or , and is often designated HD 160691. With an apparent visual magnitude of 5.15, it is faintly visible to the naked eye. Based on parallax measurements it is located approximately away from the Sun. It is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −10 km/s. Cervantes is similar to the Sun, but is older, 10% more massive, and slightly evolved. It has four known extrasolar planets designated Mu Arae b, c, d and e; later named Quijote, Dulcinea, Rocinante and Sancho, respectively. Three of them have masses comparable with that of Jupiter. Mu Arae c, the innermost, was the first hot Neptune or super-Earth discovered. Nomenclature ''μ Arae'' ( Latinised to ''Mu Arae'') is the star's Bayer designation. HD 160691 is the entry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pollux (star)
Pollux is the brightest star in the constellation of Gemini (constellation), Gemini. It has the Bayer designation β Geminorum, which is Latinisation of names, Latinised to Beta Geminorum and abbreviated Beta Gem or β Gem. This is an orange-hued, stellar evolution, evolved red giant located at a distance of 34 light-years, making it the List of nearest giant stars, closest red giant (and giant star) to the Sun. Since 1943, the stellar spectrum, spectrum of this star has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified. In 2006 an exoplanet (designated Pollux b or β Geminorum b, later named Thestias) was announced to be orbiting it. Nomenclature ''β Geminorum'' (Latinisation of names, Latinised to ''Beta Geminorum'') is the star's Bayer designation. The traditional name ''Pollux'' refers to the twins Castor and Pollux in Greek mythology, Greek and Roman mythology. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a IAU Working ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamma Cephei
Gamma Cephei (γ Cephei, abbreviated Gamma Cep, γ Cep) is a binary star system approximately 45 light-years away in the northern constellation of Cepheus (constellation), Cepheus. The primary (designated Gamma Cephei A, officially named Errai , the traditional name of the system) is a stellar class K1 orange giant star, giant or subgiant star; it has a red dwarf companion (Gamma Cephei B). An exoplanet (designated Gamma Cephei Ab, later named Tadmor) has been confirmed to be orbiting the primary. Gamma Cephei is the naked-eye star that will succeed Polaris as the Earth's northern pole star, due to axial precession. It will be closer to the northern celestial pole than Polaris around 3160 CE and will make its closest approach around 4250 CE. The 'title' will pass to Iota Cephei some time around 5200 CE. Description Gamma Cephei has an apparent magnitude of 3.21, nearly all of which is accounted for by the primary component, Gamma Cephei A. It is a binary star system wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
