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Hor
Hor Awibre (also known as Hor I) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the Thirteenth dynasty of Egypt, 13th Dynasty reigning from c. 1777 BC until 1775 BCK.S.B. Ryholt, ''The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period'', ''Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications'', vol. 20. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, 1997excerpts available online or for a few months, c. 1760 BC or c. 1732 BC, during the Second Intermediate Period. Hor is known primarily thanks to his nearly intact tomb discovered in 1894 and the rare life-size wooden statue of the king's Ka it housed. Attestations Hor Awibre is mentioned on the Turin King List, Turin canon, a king list compiled in the early Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt, Ramesside period. The canon gives his name on the 7th column, line 17 (Gardiner entry 6.17 ). Beyond the Turin canon, Hor remained unattested until the discovery in 1894 of his nearly intact tomb in Dashur by Jacques de Morgan, see below. Further attestations of Hor have c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horus
Horus or Heru, Hor, Har in Ancient Egyptian, is one of the most significant ancient Egyptian deities who served many functions, most notably as god of kingship and the sky. He was worshipped from at least the late prehistoric Egypt until the Ptolemaic Kingdom and Roman Egypt. Different forms of Horus are recorded in history, and these are treated as distinct gods by Egyptologists."The Oxford Guide: Essential Guide to Egyptian Mythology", Edited by Donald B. Redford, Horus: by Edmund S. Meltzer, pp. 164–168, Berkley, 2003, . These various forms may be different manifestations of the same multi-layered deity in which certain attributes or syncretic relationships are emphasized, not necessarily in opposition but complementary to one another, consistent with how the Ancient Egyptians viewed the multiple facets of reality. He was most often depicted as a falcon, most likely a lanner falcon or peregrine falcon, or as a man with a falcon head. The earliest recorded form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pharaoh
Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian: '' pr ꜥꜣ''; cop, , Pǝrro; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') is the vernacular term often used by modern authors for the kings of ancient Egypt who ruled as monarchs from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BC) until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BC. However, regardless of gender, "king" was the term used most frequently by the ancient Egyptians for their monarchs through the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty during the New Kingdom. The term "pharaoh" was not used contemporaneously for a ruler until a possible reference to Merneptah, c. 1210 BC during the Nineteenth Dynasty, nor consistently used until the decline and instability that began with the Twenty-Fifth Dynasty. In the early dynasties, ancient Egyptian kings had as many as three titles: the Horus, the Sedge and Bee ( ''nswt-bjtj''), and the Two Ladies or Nebty ( ''nbtj'') name. The Golden Horus and the nomen and prenomen titles were added later. In Egyptian society, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turin King List
The Turin King List, also known as the Turin Royal Canon, is an ancient Egyptian hieratic papyrus thought to date from the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses II, now in the Museo Egizio (Egyptian Museum) in Turin. The papyrus is the most extensive list available of kings compiled by the ancient Egyptians, and is the basis for most chronology before the reign of Ramesses II. Creation and use The papyrus is believed to date from the reign of Ramesses II, during the middle of the New Kingdom, or the 19th Dynasty. The beginning and ending of the list are now lost; there is no introduction, and the list does not continue after the 19th Dynasty. The composition may thus have occurred at any subsequent time, from the reign of Ramesses II to as late as the 20th Dynasty. The papyrus lists the names of rulers, the lengths of reigns in years, with months and days for some kings. In some cases they are grouped together by family, which corresponds approximately to the dynasties of Manetho's boo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memphis, Egypt
, alternate_name = , image = , alt = , caption = Ruins of the pillared hall of Ramesses IIat Mit Rahina , map_type = Egypt#Africa , map_alt = , map_size = , relief = , coordinates = , location = Mit Rahina, Giza Governorate, Egypt , region = Lower Egypt , type = Settlement , part_of = , length = , width = , area = , height = , builder = Unknown, was already in existence during Iry-Hor's reignP. Tallet, D. Laisnay: ''Iry-Hor et Narmer au Sud-Sinaï (Ouadi 'Ameyra), un complément à la chronologie des expéditios minière égyptiene'', in: BIFAO 112 (2012), 381–395available online/ref> , material = , built = Earlier than 31st century BC , abandoned = 7th century AD , epochs = Early Dynastic Period to Early Middle Ages , cultures = , dependency_of = , occupants = , event ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Djedkheperew
Djedkheperew (also known as Djedkheperu) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the Thirteenth dynasty of Egypt, 13th Dynasty reigning for an estimated two-year period, from c. 1772 BC until 1770 BC.K.S.B. Ryholt, ''The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period'', ''Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications'', vol. 20. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, 1997excerpts available onlineDarrell D. Baker: ''The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I - Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC'', Stacey International, , 2008, p. 86-87 According to Egyptologists Kim Ryholt and Darrell Baker, Djedkheperew was the 17th king of this dynasty. Djedkheperew is this pharaoh's Ancient Egyptian royal titulary#Horus name, Horus name; the prenomen and Ancient Egyptian royal titulary#Personal name .28nomen.29, nomen of Djedkheperew, which would normally be employed by modern conventions to name a pharaoh, are unknown. __FORCETOC__ Attestations ;Contemporary attestations The reig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw
Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw was an Ancient Egypt, Egyptian pharaoh of the early Thirteenth dynasty of Egypt, 13th Dynasty during the Second Intermediate Period. Attestations Khabaw is well attested through archaeological finds. Fragments of a red granite architrave measuring by bearing his Horus name and Prenomen (Ancient Egypt), prenomen were discovered during excavations at Bubastis in 1891 conducted by Édouard Naville for the Egypt Exploration Society. The architrave is now in the British Museum, under the catalog number BM EA 1100. Another architrave discovered in Tanis shows Khabaw's name together with that of pharaoh Hor of the 13th Dynasty. Darrell Baker and Ryholt suggest that this close association might mean that Khabaw was Hor's son and may have been his coregent. Ryholt and Baker believe that both architraves did not originate from the Delta region but from Memphis, Egypt, Memphis. The architraves could have come to their find spots after the fall of the 13th Dynasty, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nubhetepti-khered
Nubhetepti-khered was an ancient Egyptian ''king's daughter'' of the Thirteenth Dynasty. She is basically only known from her undisturbed burial at Dahshur which was discovered in 1894 by Jacques de Morgan, close to the pyramid of Amenemhat III.Jacques de Morgan: ''Fouilles a Dahchour, Mars-Jiun 1894.'' Vienna 1895, pp. 107–115. Her burial was found at the end of a long corridor. It consisted of two chambers, one above the other. The lower chamber contained the coffin and the canopic chest of the princess. In the upper chamber were placed several burial goods. The body of Nub hetepti-khered was placed in a wooden coffin, decorated with inscribed gold leaf. In the coffin were found the remains of an inner, mummyform, gilded coffin. The body of Nubhetepti-khered was adorned with a broad collar and with armlets and anklets. Next to the body were found several royal insignia, such as a flail and a was scepter. The wooden canopic chest was also adorned with gold leaf and c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ka Statue Of King Hor
The Ka statue of king Hor dates to the Thirteenth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt around 1750 BC. It is now on display in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo and regarded as one of the major works of Egyptian art. The statue was excavated in 1894 in the tomb of king Hor that was found by a team of excavators under the direction of Jacques de Morgan. The tomb is located close to the pyramid of Amenemhat III at Dahshur. The statue proper is 135 cm high. With base and ka-sign on the head, it is 170 cm high. The statue is made of wood, that was once covered with a thin layer of stucco that is gone today. The king is shown naked but there are traces on the wood, belonging to a belt. The statue might once have been adorned with a kilt. Around the neck the king bears a broad collar. The statue once was holding a staff and a scepter. On the head he bears today a Ancient_Egyptian_concept_of_the_soul#Ka_(vital_spark), Ka-sign. That was found next to the statue within a naos. The statue was found in the ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Renseneb
Renseneb Amenemhat (also known as Ranisonb) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 13th Dynasty during the Second Intermediate Period. According to egyptologist Kim Ryholt, Renseneb was the 14th king of the dynasty, while Detlef Franke sees him as the 13th ruler and Jürgen von Beckerath as the 16th. Renseneb is poorly attested and his throne name remains unknown. Attestations Renseneb is known primarily thanks to the Turin King List where he appears in Column 7, line 16 (Gardiner col. 6 line 6). He is credited a reign of four months. Renseneb is otherwise known from a single contemporary object, a bead of glazed steatite, last seen by Percy Newberry in an antique dealer shop in Cairo in 1929.Kim Ryholt: ''A Bead of King Ranisonb and a Note on King Qemaw'', Gottinger Miszellen - Beitrage zur Agyptologischen Diskussion 156 (1997), p. 95–100. The bead reads "Ranisonb Amenemhat, who gives life". The Danish Egyptologist Kim Ryholt interprets this double name as meaning "Ranisonb on ofAmene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyksos
Hyksos (; Egyptian '' ḥqꜣ(w)- ḫꜣswt'', Egyptological pronunciation: ''hekau khasut'', "ruler(s) of foreign lands") is a term which, in modern Egyptology, designates the kings of the Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt (fl. c. 1650–1550 BC). The seat of power of these kings was the city of Avaris in the Nile delta, from where they ruled over Lower and Middle Egypt up to Cusae. In the ''Aegyptiaca'', a history of Egypt written by the Greco-Egyptian priest and historian Manetho in the 3rd century BC, the term Hyksos is used ethnically to designate people of probable West Semitic, Levantine origin. While Manetho portrayed the Hyksos as invaders and oppressors, this interpretation is questioned in modern Egyptology. Instead, Hyksos rule might have been preceded by groups of Canaanite peoples who gradually settled in the Nile delta from the end of the Twelfth Dynasty onwards and who may have seceded from the crumbling and unstable Egyptian control at some point during the Thirteent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Egyptian Soul
The ancient Egyptians believed that a soul (wikt:kꜣ, kꜣ and wikt:bꜣ, bꜣ; Egyptian language#Egyptological pronunciation, Egypt. pron. ka/ba) was made up of many parts. In addition to these components of the soul, there was the human body (called the ''ḥꜥ'', occasionally a plural ''wikt:ḥꜥw, ḥꜥw'', meaning approximately "sum of bodily parts"). According to ancient Egyptian creation myths, the god Atum created the world out of chaos, utilizing his own magic (heka (god), ḥkꜣ). Because the earth was created with magic, Egyptians believed that the world was imbued with magic and so was every living thing upon it. When humans were created, that magic took the form of the soul, an eternal force which resided in and with every human. The concept of the soul and the parts which encompass it has varied from the Old Kingdom of Egypt, Old Kingdom to the New Kingdom of Egypt, New Kingdom, at times changing from one dynasty to another, from five parts to more. Most anci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nubhetepti
Nubhetepti (''nb-ḥtp.tỉ,'' "Gold Hathor">Hathor.html" ;"title="Hathor">Hathoris satisfied")Hermann Ranke: ''Die ägyptischen Persönennamen.'' Verlag von J. J. Augustin in Glückstadt, 1935., vol. I. p.192 was an ancient Egyptian queen with the titles ''king's wife'' and ''king's mother''. She is mainly known from Scarab (artifact), scarab seals, which are datable by style to the 13th Dynasty, around 1750 BC. She is also known from a statuette found at Semna. Her husband is unknown. However, king Hor had a daughter called Nubhetepti-khered. This translates as ''Nubhetepti-the-child'' and indicates that there was another (older) Nubhetepti around at the same time. For that reason it has been argued that Nubhetepti was the wife of king Hor and perhaps the mother of the princess Nubhetepti-khered. There are other scarabs of a queen Nubhetepti with the titles Great Royal Wife and she united with the white crown. These scarabs belong perhaps to another queen with the same name. R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
