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Halon Fire Suppression Warning Sign
Halon may refer to: * Haloalkane, or halogenoalkane, a group of chemical compounds consisting of alkanes with linked halogens (in particular, bromine-containing haloalkanes) * Halomethane compounds: ** Halon 10001 (iodomethane) ** Halon 1001 (bromomethane) ** Halon 1011 (bromochloromethane, CH2BrCl) ** Halon 104 (carbon tetrachloride) ** Halon 1103 (tribromofluoromethane) ** Halon 112 (dichlorofluoromethane) ** Halon 1201 (bromodifluoromethane) ** Halon 1202 (dibromodifluoromethane) ** Halon 1211 (bromochlorodifluoromethane, CF2ClBr) ** Halon 122 (dichlorodifluoromethane) ** Halon 1301 (bromotrifluoromethane, CBrF3) ** Halon 14 (tetrafluoromethane) * Halon 2011B (1-bromo-2-chloroethane) * Halon 2301 (1,1,1-trifluoro-2-bromoethane) * Halothane, Halon 2311 (1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-chlorobromoethane, halothane) * Halon 242 (1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane) * Dibromotetrafluoroethane, Halon 2402 (dibromotetrafluoroethane, C2Br2F4)—used as a fire extinguisher * Halon 2501 (pentafluorobr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haloalkane
The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are alkanes containing one or more halogen substituents of hydrogen atom. They are a subset of the general class of halocarbons, although the distinction is not often made. Haloalkanes are widely used commercially. They are used as flame retardants, fire extinguisher, fire extinguishants, refrigerants, propellants, solvents, and pharmaceuticals. Subsequent to the widespread use in commerce, many halocarbons have also been shown to be serious pollutants and toxins. For example, the chlorofluorocarbons have been shown to lead to ozone depletion. Methyl bromide is a controversial fumigant. Only haloalkanes that contain chlorine, bromine, and iodine are a threat to the ozone layer, but fluorinated volatile haloalkanes in theory may have activity as greenhouse gases. Methyl iodide, a naturally occurring substance, however, does not have ozone-depleting properties and the United States Environmental Protection Agency has de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halon 122
Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) is a colorless gas popularly known by the genericized brand name Freon (as Freon-12). It is a chlorofluorocarbon halomethane (CFC) used as a refrigerant and aerosol spray propellant. In compliance with the Montreal Protocol, its manufacture was banned in developed countries (non-article 5 countries) in 1996, and in developing countries (Article 5 countries) in 2010 out of concerns about its damaging effect on the ozone layer. Its only allowed usage is as a fire retardant in submarines and aircraft. It is soluble in many organic solvents. R-12 cylinders are colored white. Preparation It can be prepared by reacting carbon tetrachloride with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalytic amount of antimony pentachloride: :CCl4 + 2HF → CCl2F2 + 2HCl This reaction can also produce trichlorofluoromethane (CCl3F), chlorotrifluoromethane (CClF3) and tetrafluoromethane (CF4). History Charles F. Kettering, vice president of General Motors Research ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halon 2501
Halon may refer to: * Haloalkane, or halogenoalkane, a group of chemical compounds consisting of alkanes with linked halogens (in particular, bromine-containing haloalkanes) * Halomethane compounds: ** Halon 10001 (iodomethane) ** Halon 1001 (bromomethane) ** Halon 1011 (bromochloromethane, CH2BrCl) ** Halon 104 (carbon tetrachloride) ** Halon 1103 (tribromofluoromethane) ** Halon 112 (dichlorofluoromethane) ** Halon 1201 (bromodifluoromethane) ** Halon 1202 (dibromodifluoromethane) ** Halon 1211 (bromochlorodifluoromethane, CF2ClBr) ** Halon 122 (dichlorodifluoromethane) ** Halon 1301 (bromotrifluoromethane, CBrF3) ** Halon 14 (tetrafluoromethane) * Halon 2011B (1-bromo-2-chloroethane) * Halon 2301 (1,1,1-trifluoro-2-bromoethane) * Halon 2311 (1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-chlorobromoethane, halothane) * Halon 242 (1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane) * Halon 2402 (dibromotetrafluoroethane, C2Br2F4)—used as a fire extinguisher * Halon 2501 (pentafluorobromoethane) * Halon 2600 H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dibromotetrafluoroethane
1,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane (C2Br2F4) is a haloalkane. It is also known under codenames R-114B2 and Halon 2402. It is a colorless liquid with a boiling point of 47.2 °C. R-114B2 is occasionally used in fire suppression systems. It is highly volatile, passes through soil to air, and can be detected in the parts-per-quadrillion range. Since July 1, 1994, the Montreal Protocol The Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. It was agreed on 16 ... required all nations or parties that are a party to it to eliminate the production, consumption, and trade of ozone-depleting substances (ODS). Dibromotetrafluoroethane's high ozone-depleting potential (ODP) caused it to be identified as an ODS. Dibromotetrafluoroethane has been prohibited in Canada since July 1, 1994, "except for essential uses or for use as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halothane
Halothane, sold under the brand name Fluothane among others, is a general anaesthetic. It can be used to induce or maintain anaesthesia. One of its benefits is that it does not increase the production of saliva, which can be particularly useful in those who are difficult to intubate. It is given by inhalation. Side effects include an Heart arrhythmia, irregular heartbeat, respiratory depression, and hepatotoxicity. Like all volatile anesthetics, it should not be used in people with a personal or family history of malignant hyperthermia. It appears to be safe in porphyria. It is unclear whether its usage during pregnancy is harmful to the fetus, and its use during a cesarean section, C-section is generally discouraged. Halothane is a Chirality (chemistry), chiral molecule that is used as a racemic mixture. Halothane was discovered in 1951. It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1958. It is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, World Health Organization ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halon 2301
Halon may refer to: * Haloalkane, or halogenoalkane, a group of chemical compounds consisting of alkanes with linked halogens (in particular, bromine-containing haloalkanes) * Halomethane compounds: ** Halon 10001 (iodomethane) ** Halon 1001 (bromomethane) ** Halon 1011 (bromochloromethane, CH2BrCl) ** Halon 104 (carbon tetrachloride) ** Halon 1103 (tribromofluoromethane) ** Halon 112 (dichlorofluoromethane) ** Halon 1201 (bromodifluoromethane) ** Halon 1202 (dibromodifluoromethane) ** Halon 1211 (bromochlorodifluoromethane, CF2ClBr) ** Halon 122 (dichlorodifluoromethane) ** Halon 1301 (bromotrifluoromethane, CBrF3) ** Halon 14 (tetrafluoromethane) * Halon 2011B (1-bromo-2-chloroethane) * Halon 2301 (1,1,1-trifluoro-2-bromoethane) * Halon 2311 (1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-chlorobromoethane, halothane) * Halon 242 (1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane) * Halon 2402 (dibromotetrafluoroethane, C2Br2F4)—used as a fire extinguisher * Halon 2501 (pentafluorobromoethane) * Halon 2600 He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halon 14
Tetrafluoromethane, also known as carbon tetrafluoride or R-14, is the simplest perfluorocarbon ( C F4). As its IUPAC name indicates, tetrafluoromethane is the perfluorinated counterpart to the hydrocarbon methane. It can also be classified as a haloalkane or halomethane. Tetrafluoromethane is a useful refrigerant but also a potent greenhouse gas. It has a very high bond strength due to the nature of the carbon–fluorine bond. Bonding Because of the multiple carbon–fluorine bonds, and the high electronegativity of fluorine, the carbon in tetrafluoromethane has a significant positive partial charge which strengthens and shortens the four carbon–fluorine bonds by providing additional ionic character. Carbon–fluorine bonds are the strongest single bonds in organic chemistry. Additionally, they strengthen as more carbon–fluorine bonds are added to the same carbon atom. In the one-carbon organofluorine compounds represented by molecules of fluoromethane, difluoromethane, tri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halon 1301
Bromotrifluoromethane, commonly referred to by the code numbers Halon 1301, R13B1, Halon 13B1 or BTM, is an organic halide with the chemical formula carbon, Cbromine, Brfluorine, F3. It is used for gaseous fire suppression as a far less toxic alternative to bromochloromethane. Table of physical properties Synthesis Bromotrifluoromethane is commercially synthesized in a two-step process from chloroform. Chloroform is fluorinated with hydrogen fluoride. CHCl3 + 3 HF → CHF3 + 3 HCl The resulting Fluoroform is then reacted with elemental bromine. CHF3 + Br2 → CF3Br + HBr Uses Halon 1301 was developed in a joint venture between the U.S. Army and Purdue University in the late 1940's, and became a DuPont product in 1954. It was introduced as an effective gaseous fire suppression fixed systems agent in the 1960s, and was used around valuable materials, such as aircraft, Mainframe computer, mainframe computers, and telecommunication telephone exchange, switching centers, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halon 1211
Bromochlorodifluoromethane (BCF), also referred to by the code numbers Halon 1211 and Freon 12B1, is a haloalkane with the chemical formula C F2 Cl Br. It is used for fire suppression, especially for expensive equipment or items that could be damaged by the residue from other types of extinguishers. It is stored as a liquid under pressure and vaporizes when discharged to suppress fires. The use of halons, including Halon 1211, has decreased over time due to their adverse impact on the ozone layer. Alternatives have been developed to mitigate environmental concerns while still providing effective fire suppression capabilities. Use as a fire extinguishing agent Brominated haloalkanes were first used during World War II in fire extinguishers for aircraft and tanks. BCF was introduced as an effective gaseous fire suppression agent in the mid-1960s for use around highly valuable materials in places such as museums, mainframe rooms, and telecommunication switching centers. BCFs were al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halomethane
Halomethane compounds are derivatives of methane () with one or more of the hydrogen atoms replaced with halogen atoms (Fluorine, F, Chlorine, Cl, Bromine, Br, or Iodine, I). Halomethanes are both naturally occurring, especially in marine environments, and human-made, most notably as refrigerants, solvents, propellants, and fumigants. Many, including the chlorofluorocarbons, have attracted wide attention because they become active when exposed to ultraviolet light found at high altitudes and destroy the Earth's protective ozone layer. Structure and properties Like methane itself, halomethanes are tetrahedral molecules. The halogen atoms differ greatly in size and charge from hydrogen and from each other. Consequently, most halomethanes deviate from the perfect tetrahedral symmetry of methane.Günter Siegemund, Werner Schwertfeger, Andrew Feiring, Bruce Smart, Fred Behr, Herward Vogel, Blaine McKusick “Fluorine Compounds, Organic” Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
