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Halim Giray
Halim Giray (1689–1759) was a Crimean khan from the Giray dynasty. He was the son of the Crimean khan Saadet IV Giray Saadet IV Giray (1662 – 1732) was the Khan of Crimea Crimea ( ) is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop ... and grandson of Selim I Gerai. His vizier was Bahadır Ağa, whose father had been Saadet's vizier during his reign. References Notes Further reading * O. Gaivoronsky "Constellation Geraev" * O. Gaivoronsky “The Lords of the Two Continents,” volumes 1–2 * Halim Girai “Pink bush of khans” (history of Crimean khans) {{Authority control 1689 births 1759 deaths 18th-century Crimean khans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimean Tatar Language
Crimean Tatar (), also called Crimean (), is a Turkic languages, Turkic language spoken in Crimea and the Crimean Tatar diasporas of Uzbekistan, Turkey and Bulgaria, as well as small communities in the United States and Canada. It should not be confused with Tatar language, Tatar, spoken in Tatarstan and adjacent regions in Russia; Crimean Tatar has been extensively influenced by nearby Oghuz languages and is mutually intelligible with them to varying degrees. A long-term ban on the study of the Crimean Tatar language following the deportation of the Crimean Tatars by the Soviet government has led to the fact that at the moment UNESCO ranks the Crimean Tatar language among the languages under serious threat of extinction (''severely endangered''). However, according to the A. Yu. Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies, Institute of Oriental Studies, due to negative situations, the real degree of the threat has elevated to critically endangered in recent years, which are highl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Turkish
Ottoman Turkish (, ; ) was the standardized register of the Turkish language in the Ottoman Empire (14th to 20th centuries CE). It borrowed extensively, in all aspects, from Arabic and Persian. It was written in the Ottoman Turkish alphabet. Ottoman Turkish was largely unintelligible to the less-educated lower-class and to rural Turks, who continued to use ("raw/vulgar Turkish"; compare Vulgar Latin and Demotic Greek), which used far fewer foreign loanwords and is the basis of the modern standard. The Tanzimât era (1839–1876) saw the application of the term "Ottoman" when referring to the language ( or ); Modern Turkish uses the same terms when referring to the language of that era ( and ). More generically, the Turkish language was called or "Turkish". History Historically, Ottoman Turkish was transformed in three eras: * (Old Ottoman Turkish): the version of Ottoman Turkish used until the 16th century. It was almost identical with the Turkish used by Seljuk e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giray Dynasty
The House of Giray (, ; ), also the Girays, were the Genghisid/ Turkic dynasty that reigned in the Khanate of Crimea from its formation in 1431 until its downfall in 1783. The dynasty also supplied several khans of Kazan and Astrakhan between 1521 and 1550. Apart from the royal Girays, there was also a lateral branch, the Choban Girays (''Çoban Geraylar''). Before reaching the age of majority, young Girays were brought up in one of the Circassian tribes, where they were instructed in the arts of war. The Giray Khans were elected by other Crimean Tatar dynasts, called myrzas (''mırzalar''). They also elected an heir apparent, called the qalgha sultan (''qalğa sultan''). In later centuries, the Ottoman Sultan obtained the right of installing and deposing the khans at his will. Their early ancestor was Togay Timur (Tuqa Timur), a younger son of Jochi. The story of the Girays begin with Öreng Timur, son of Togay Timur, receiving Crimea from Mengu-Timur. From a genetic poi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saadet IV Giray
Saadet IV Giray (1662 – 1732) was the Khan of Crimea Crimea ( ) is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop connects the peninsula to Kherson Oblast in mainland Ukrain ... from 1717 to 1724. He was born in 1662, and died in 1732, at the age of 70. References Notes {{notelist 1662 births 1732 deaths Crimean khans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahadır Ağa
Bahadır is a common masculine Turkish given name. In Turkish, "Bahadır" means "brave", "galahad", "hero", "valiant", and/or "gallant". This name is written with a dotless ı. It appears as BAHADIR in uppercase and bahadır in lowercase. Related names Bahadır is the modern version of "Baghatur". On the other hand, Mete is a deformed version of "Mo - du" and is also used as a masculine given name by Turkish people. Moreover, Baghatur is also used as a masculine given name by Turkish people as Batur, and as in other cognate forms. Equivalents * Arabic: Bahadur (بهادر) * Georgian: Baadur (ბაადურ) * Persian: Bahadur (بهادر) * Urdu: Bahadur (بہادر) * Turkmen: Batyr Other Relations * History: Modu (Possibly a Middle Chinese form (冒頓) of the old Turkic honorific title "bagatur".) * Turkish: Mete (Turkish form of Modu.) * Caucasian Mythology: Batraz (Possibly from Turkic "bagatur". This is the name of the leader of the superhuman Narts in Caucasian myt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1689 Births
Events Notable events during this year include: * Coup, war, and legislation in England and its territories. ** The overthrow of Catholic king James II of England, James of England, Ireland, and Scotland in the Glorious Revolution. ** The latter realms entering the Nine Years' War, Nine Years War and its expansion to the American colonies in the King William's War. ** The Bill of Rights 1689, Bill of Rights becomes law in England. * Japanese writer Matsuo Bashō, Bashō goes on a voyage, resulting in the classic ''Oku no Hosomichi, Narrow Road to the Interior''. * The death of Pope Innocent XI and the election of the 241st Pope Alexander VIII. * The Holy Roman Empire wins the Battle of Niš (1689), Battle of Niš, fought against the Ottoman Empire. * Morocco wins in the Siege of Larache (1689), Siege of Larache against Spain. * Peter the Great decrees the construction of the Great Siberian Road to China. January–March * January 22 (January 12, 1688 Old Style and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1759 Deaths
In Great Britain, this year was known as the ''Annus Mirabilis'', because of British victories in the Seven Years' War. Events January–March * January 6 – George Washington marries Martha Dandridge Custis. * January 11 – In Philadelphia, the first American life insurance company is incorporated. * January 13 – Távora affair: The Távora family is executed, following accusations of the attempted regicide of Joseph I of Portugal. * January 15 ** The British Museum opens at Montagu House in London after six years of development. **Voltaire's satire ''Candide'' is published simultaneously in five countries. * January 27 – Battle of Río Bueno: Spanish forces, led by Juan Antonio Garretón, defeat indigenous Huilliches of southern Chile. * February 12 – Ali II ibn Hussein becomes the new Ruler of Tunisia upon the death of his brother, Muhammad I ar-Rashid. Ali reigns for 23 years until his death in 1782. * February 16 – The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
